Catalytic technologies have been paid increasing attention in refractory pollutants abatement due to its practical and potential values in water purification. As effective and efficient approaches for water purificati...Catalytic technologies have been paid increasing attention in refractory pollutants abatement due to its practical and potential values in water purification. As effective and efficient approaches for water purification, Fenton＇s reagent, ozonation, electrochemical and photocatalytic methods have been widely studied and applied in different aspects and have been reviewed by several articles. In recent years, some novel catalytic processes based on above processes have been developed for enhancing the efficiency of removing the organics from water. This review emphasized on the recent development of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation, electrocatalysis in respect of novel electrodes and electro-Fenton method, photoelectrocatalysis process and photoelectron-Fenton in water purification. It was also an attempt to propose general ideas about mechanism and principle enhancing the catalytic efficiency for the degradation and the mineralization of organics in water.展开更多
Graphite has a stacked planar sp2-hybridized C6 ring structure,displaying a polymorphism with rhombohedral,hexagonal,and turbostratic.Based on its structure-property relationship,it affords a variety of technologicall...Graphite has a stacked planar sp2-hybridized C6 ring structure,displaying a polymorphism with rhombohedral,hexagonal,and turbostratic.Based on its structure-property relationship,it affords a variety of technologically innovative applications or performances in industries,such as lithium-ion batteries,fuel cells,two dimensional graphene,water purification,electronics,fiber optics,spintronics,refractories,electrical products,electric vehicles,etc.The monetary value of graphite depends largely on carbon content and flake size.However,the physical separation of graphite from its ore body is known to be very expensive,energy intensive and time-consuming.Hence,this study extensively describes a current purification method for producing high-quality graphite material with impurities reaching about 10–100 mg/kg,attracting a lot of end users.It also describes the potential applications of graphite materials and identifies the future scope of a new market,depending on material purity.Finally,the current and future graphite-mining countries are investigated in details.展开更多
文摘Catalytic technologies have been paid increasing attention in refractory pollutants abatement due to its practical and potential values in water purification. As effective and efficient approaches for water purification, Fenton＇s reagent, ozonation, electrochemical and photocatalytic methods have been widely studied and applied in different aspects and have been reviewed by several articles. In recent years, some novel catalytic processes based on above processes have been developed for enhancing the efficiency of removing the organics from water. This review emphasized on the recent development of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation, electrocatalysis in respect of novel electrodes and electro-Fenton method, photoelectrocatalysis process and photoelectron-Fenton in water purification. It was also an attempt to propose general ideas about mechanism and principle enhancing the catalytic efficiency for the degradation and the mineralization of organics in water.
文摘Graphite has a stacked planar sp2-hybridized C6 ring structure,displaying a polymorphism with rhombohedral,hexagonal,and turbostratic.Based on its structure-property relationship,it affords a variety of technologically innovative applications or performances in industries,such as lithium-ion batteries,fuel cells,two dimensional graphene,water purification,electronics,fiber optics,spintronics,refractories,electrical products,electric vehicles,etc.The monetary value of graphite depends largely on carbon content and flake size.However,the physical separation of graphite from its ore body is known to be very expensive,energy intensive and time-consuming.Hence,this study extensively describes a current purification method for producing high-quality graphite material with impurities reaching about 10–100 mg/kg,attracting a lot of end users.It also describes the potential applications of graphite materials and identifies the future scope of a new market,depending on material purity.Finally,the current and future graphite-mining countries are investigated in details.
