The Manchurian walnut(Juglans mandshurica Maxim.) is rich in proteins, whereas this resource has not been used efficiently. The antifatigue, antioxidative and immunoregulatory effects of Manchurian walnut hydrolysate ...The Manchurian walnut(Juglans mandshurica Maxim.) is rich in proteins, whereas this resource has not been used efficiently. The antifatigue, antioxidative and immunoregulatory effects of Manchurian walnut hydrolysate peptides(MWHPs)were evaluated in this study. MWHPs with a degree of hydrolysis of 32.23% were ultrafiltered and divided into three fractions,namely, high(> 10 k Da), medium(3–10 kDa), and low molecular weight(< 3 kDa), and then fed to mice continuously at doses of 200, 400 or 800 mg/(kg·d). The antifatigue, antioxidative, and immunoregulatory effects of the peptides were tested on the second and fourth weeks of MWHP administration. Results showed that low-molecular-weight MWHPs exerted significant antifatigue(prolonging swimming time, elevating liver glycogen contents, and reducing lactic acid contents), antioxidative(enhancing superoxide dismutase(SOD), GSH-Px, and catalase(CAT) activities and reducing malondialdehyde(MDA) content), and immunoregulatory(raising the immune-organ index and promoting T-lymphocyte proliferation and s Ig A secretion in the intestinal tract) effects. This research indicates that MWHPs have potential applications in health care and may be developed as a base for new functional foods.展开更多
Doping of semiconductors,i.e.,accurately modulating the charge carrier type and concentration in a controllable manner,is a key technology foundation for modern electronics and optoelectronics.However,the conventional...Doping of semiconductors,i.e.,accurately modulating the charge carrier type and concentration in a controllable manner,is a key technology foundation for modern electronics and optoelectronics.However,the conventional doping technologies widely utilized in silicon industry,such as ion implantation and thermal diffusion,always fail when applied to two-dimensional(2D)materials with atomically-thin nature.Surface charge transfer doping(SCTD)is emerging as an effective and non-destructive doping technique to provide reliable doping capability for 2D materials,in particular 2D semiconductors.Herein,we summarize the recent advances and developments on the SCTD of 2D semiconductors and its application in electronic and optoelectronic devices.The underlying mechanism of STCD processes on 2D semiconductors is briefly introduced.Its impact on tuning the fundamental properties of various 2D systems is highlighted.We particularly emphasize on the SCTD-enabled high-performance 2D functional devices.Finally,the challenges and opportunities for the future development of SCTD are discussed.展开更多
High-entropy alloys （HEAs） usually contain more than five alloying elements. The ductility of a body-centered cubic （bcc）- type HEA typically is lower than that of their face-centered cubic （fcc） counterpart. An...High-entropy alloys （HEAs） usually contain more than five alloying elements. The ductility of a body-centered cubic （bcc）- type HEA typically is lower than that of their face-centered cubic （fcc） counterpart. And low ductility restricts engineering applications of the bcc-structured HEAs. In engineering materials, improvement in ductility usually results in deduction of mechanical strength. A method to improve both mechanical strength and ductility in a bcc-structured HEA was proposed by adding interstitial carbon. Experimental results showed that replacement of 5 at.% Cr with 5 at.% C in a bcc-structured Fe35Mn25Al15Cr10Ni15 HEA resulted in an increase in fcc phase from 0.3 to 93.7 vol.%. Strength and ductility increased at the same time. The transition of bcc-structure to fcc-structure along with a remaining small amount of bcc phase improved mechanical properties. This work indicates that interstitial carbon can be employed to modulate the fraction of constituent phases in a bcc-structured HEA to enhance engineering mechanical properties.展开更多
DNA hydrogels are three-dimensional polymer networks constructed using DNA as the structural building block.Due to the tight binding between hydrophilic groups on DNA chains and water molecules,they exhibit outstandin...DNA hydrogels are three-dimensional polymer networks constructed using DNA as the structural building block.Due to the tight binding between hydrophilic groups on DNA chains and water molecules,they exhibit outstanding plasticity and fluid thermodynamic properties,making them one of the best choices for mimicking natural biological tissues.By controlling the backbone building blocks,gelation conditions,and cross-linking methods of DNA hydrogels,hydrogels with different mechanical strengths can be obtained,thus expanding their applications in the field of biology.This review first introduces the relationship between the mechanical properties of DNA hydrogels and their structure,elucidates the approaches and strategies for mechanical property modulation,and focuses on the scheme of controllable design to modulate the mechanical properties of DNA hydrogels for applications in biosensing,cellular function regulation,and bone tissue engineering.Furthermore,this review outlines the future development directions and challenges faced in the mechanical property modulation of DNA hydrogels,providing useful information for the precise design of DNA hydrogels for biological research.展开更多
Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)combined with reaction bonding(RB)of Al particles is an effective method for preparing high-performance 3D Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic foams.However,the indistinct microstructure evolution hinders...Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)combined with reaction bonding(RB)of Al particles is an effective method for preparing high-performance 3D Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic foams.However,the indistinct microstructure evolution hinders the regulation of pore features and the improvement of synthetic properties.Herein,the microstructure evolution of the Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic foams during the LPBF/RB process is clarified by various characterization methods,and the corresponding mechanical property modulation is realized by optimizing LPBF parameters,organic binder(E12 epoxy resin)content,heating rate,sintering time,and coral-like Al_(2)O_(3) content.The expansion from Al_(2)O_(3) outward growth and Al granule precipitation counteracts the shrinkage from E12 decomposition and Al_(2)O_(3) sintering,resulting in an ultra-low shrinkage of 0.94%–3.01%.The pore structures of particle packing pores,hollow spheres,and microporous structures allow a tunable porosity of 52.6%–73.7%.The in-situ formation of multi-scale features including hollow spheres,flaky grains,whiskers,nanofibers,and bond bridges brings about a remarkably high bending strength of 6.5–38.3 MPa.Ourfindings reveal the relationship between microstructure evolution and property optimization of high-performance ceramic foams,with potential significance for microstructure design and practical application.展开更多
Efficient and flexible interactions require precisely converting human intentions into computer-recognizable signals,which is critical to the breakthrough development of metaverse.Interactive electronics face common d...Efficient and flexible interactions require precisely converting human intentions into computer-recognizable signals,which is critical to the breakthrough development of metaverse.Interactive electronics face common dilemmas,which realize highprecision and stable touch detection but are rigid,bulky,and thick or achieve high flexibility to wear but lose precision.Here,we construct highly bending-insensitive,unpixelated,and waterproof epidermal interfaces(BUW epidermal interfaces)and demonstrate their interactive applications of conformal human–machine integration.The BUW epidermal interface based on the addressable electrical contact structure exhibits high-precision and stable touch detection,high flexibility,rapid response time,excellent stability,and versatile“cut-and-paste”character.Regardless of whether being flat or bent,the BUW epidermal interface can be conformally attached to the human skin for real-time,comfortable,and unrestrained interactions.This research provides promising insight into the functional composite and structural design strategies for developing epidermal electronics,which offers a new technology route and may further broaden human–machine interactions toward metaverse.展开更多
Since the isolation of graphene in 2004,two-dimensional(2D)materials such as transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)have attracted numerous interests due to their unique van der Waals structure,atomically thin body,and t...Since the isolation of graphene in 2004,two-dimensional(2D)materials such as transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)have attracted numerous interests due to their unique van der Waals structure,atomically thin body,and thickness-dependent properties.In recent years,the applications of TMD in public health have emerged due to their large surface area and high surface sensitivities,as well as their unique electrical,optical,and electrochemical properties.In this review,we focus on state-of-the-art methods to modulate the properties of 2D TMD and their applications in biosensing.Particularly,this review provides methods for designing and modulating 2D TMD via defect engineering and morphology control to achieve multi-functional surfaces for molecule capturing and sensing.Furthermore,we compare the 2D TMD-based biosensors with the traditional sensing systems,deepening our understanding of their action mechanism.Finally,we point out the challenges and opportunities of 2D TMD in this emerging area.展开更多
在保持原有"层-柱"MOF,[Zn_4(bpta)_2(dipytz)2(H_2O)_2]·4DMF·H_2O(1)(H4bpta=2,2′,6,6′-联苯四羧酸,dipytz=3,6-二(4-吡啶基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪)主体结构不变的情况下,通过dipytz配体中四嗪环的原位水解反应将极性...在保持原有"层-柱"MOF,[Zn_4(bpta)_2(dipytz)2(H_2O)_2]·4DMF·H_2O(1)(H4bpta=2,2′,6,6′-联苯四羧酸,dipytz=3,6-二(4-吡啶基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪)主体结构不变的情况下,通过dipytz配体中四嗪环的原位水解反应将极性的二芳酰基联氨基团引入框架,成功构筑出配合物[Zn_4(bpta)_2(dipytzhydr)_2(H_2O)_2]·solvent(2)(dipytzhydr=1,2-二异烟酰基肼)。对配合物2的系统表征和气体吸附性质研究结果证实了功能化目标的实现:配合物2相比于配合物1展现出更高的二氧化碳吸附热(由28.8 k J·mol-1升高至30.3 k J·mol-1)和CO_2/CH_4吸附选择性。以上结果表明基于配体中四嗪基团的原位水解后修饰能够有效提高相关MOFs材料的CO_2吸附性能。展开更多
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program(No.2013AA102206-2)
文摘The Manchurian walnut(Juglans mandshurica Maxim.) is rich in proteins, whereas this resource has not been used efficiently. The antifatigue, antioxidative and immunoregulatory effects of Manchurian walnut hydrolysate peptides(MWHPs)were evaluated in this study. MWHPs with a degree of hydrolysis of 32.23% were ultrafiltered and divided into three fractions,namely, high(> 10 k Da), medium(3–10 kDa), and low molecular weight(< 3 kDa), and then fed to mice continuously at doses of 200, 400 or 800 mg/(kg·d). The antifatigue, antioxidative, and immunoregulatory effects of the peptides were tested on the second and fourth weeks of MWHP administration. Results showed that low-molecular-weight MWHPs exerted significant antifatigue(prolonging swimming time, elevating liver glycogen contents, and reducing lactic acid contents), antioxidative(enhancing superoxide dismutase(SOD), GSH-Px, and catalase(CAT) activities and reducing malondialdehyde(MDA) content), and immunoregulatory(raising the immune-organ index and promoting T-lymphocyte proliferation and s Ig A secretion in the intestinal tract) effects. This research indicates that MWHPs have potential applications in health care and may be developed as a base for new functional foods.
基金the financial support from Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20170005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21872100)+1 种基金Singapore MOE Grants MOE2019-T2-1-002 and R143-000-A43-114,Fundamental Research Foundation of Shenzhen(Nos.JCYJ20190808152607389 and JCYJ20170817100405375)Shenzhen Peacock Plan(No.KQTD2016053112042971).
文摘Doping of semiconductors,i.e.,accurately modulating the charge carrier type and concentration in a controllable manner,is a key technology foundation for modern electronics and optoelectronics.However,the conventional doping technologies widely utilized in silicon industry,such as ion implantation and thermal diffusion,always fail when applied to two-dimensional(2D)materials with atomically-thin nature.Surface charge transfer doping(SCTD)is emerging as an effective and non-destructive doping technique to provide reliable doping capability for 2D materials,in particular 2D semiconductors.Herein,we summarize the recent advances and developments on the SCTD of 2D semiconductors and its application in electronic and optoelectronic devices.The underlying mechanism of STCD processes on 2D semiconductors is briefly introduced.Its impact on tuning the fundamental properties of various 2D systems is highlighted.We particularly emphasize on the SCTD-enabled high-performance 2D functional devices.Finally,the challenges and opportunities for the future development of SCTD are discussed.
基金Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Joint Fund of Iron and Steel Research （No.U1660103） and National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 51574162）. XRD, SEM and EBSD tests were conducted in the Instrumental Analysis ＆ Research Center at Shanghai University. The authors would like to express sincere thanks to the staff support at the Center. We thank Dr. Tyler for editing. Part of the work was undertaken in the US National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by NSF DMR- 1157490, the State of Florida, and DOE.
文摘High-entropy alloys （HEAs） usually contain more than five alloying elements. The ductility of a body-centered cubic （bcc）- type HEA typically is lower than that of their face-centered cubic （fcc） counterpart. And low ductility restricts engineering applications of the bcc-structured HEAs. In engineering materials, improvement in ductility usually results in deduction of mechanical strength. A method to improve both mechanical strength and ductility in a bcc-structured HEA was proposed by adding interstitial carbon. Experimental results showed that replacement of 5 at.% Cr with 5 at.% C in a bcc-structured Fe35Mn25Al15Cr10Ni15 HEA resulted in an increase in fcc phase from 0.3 to 93.7 vol.%. Strength and ductility increased at the same time. The transition of bcc-structure to fcc-structure along with a remaining small amount of bcc phase improved mechanical properties. This work indicates that interstitial carbon can be employed to modulate the fraction of constituent phases in a bcc-structured HEA to enhance engineering mechanical properties.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB3208204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12305400,12105352)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(22ZR1470600)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2019MB068,ZR2022MB012,ZR2021QE167)the Xiangfu Lab Research Project(XF012022E0100).
文摘DNA hydrogels are three-dimensional polymer networks constructed using DNA as the structural building block.Due to the tight binding between hydrophilic groups on DNA chains and water molecules,they exhibit outstanding plasticity and fluid thermodynamic properties,making them one of the best choices for mimicking natural biological tissues.By controlling the backbone building blocks,gelation conditions,and cross-linking methods of DNA hydrogels,hydrogels with different mechanical strengths can be obtained,thus expanding their applications in the field of biology.This review first introduces the relationship between the mechanical properties of DNA hydrogels and their structure,elucidates the approaches and strategies for mechanical property modulation,and focuses on the scheme of controllable design to modulate the mechanical properties of DNA hydrogels for applications in biosensing,cellular function regulation,and bone tissue engineering.Furthermore,this review outlines the future development directions and challenges faced in the mechanical property modulation of DNA hydrogels,providing useful information for the precise design of DNA hydrogels for biological research.
文摘Laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)combined with reaction bonding(RB)of Al particles is an effective method for preparing high-performance 3D Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic foams.However,the indistinct microstructure evolution hinders the regulation of pore features and the improvement of synthetic properties.Herein,the microstructure evolution of the Al_(2)O_(3) ceramic foams during the LPBF/RB process is clarified by various characterization methods,and the corresponding mechanical property modulation is realized by optimizing LPBF parameters,organic binder(E12 epoxy resin)content,heating rate,sintering time,and coral-like Al_(2)O_(3) content.The expansion from Al_(2)O_(3) outward growth and Al granule precipitation counteracts the shrinkage from E12 decomposition and Al_(2)O_(3) sintering,resulting in an ultra-low shrinkage of 0.94%–3.01%.The pore structures of particle packing pores,hollow spheres,and microporous structures allow a tunable porosity of 52.6%–73.7%.The in-situ formation of multi-scale features including hollow spheres,flaky grains,whiskers,nanofibers,and bond bridges brings about a remarkably high bending strength of 6.5–38.3 MPa.Ourfindings reveal the relationship between microstructure evolution and property optimization of high-performance ceramic foams,with potential significance for microstructure design and practical application.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52202117,52232006,52072029,and 12102256)Collaborative Innovation Platform Project of Fu-Xia-Quan National Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone(3502ZCQXT2022005)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2022J01065)State Key Lab of Advanced Metals and Materials(2022-Z09)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20720220075)the Ministry of Education,Singapore,under its MOE ARF Tier 2(MOE2019-T2-2-179).
文摘Efficient and flexible interactions require precisely converting human intentions into computer-recognizable signals,which is critical to the breakthrough development of metaverse.Interactive electronics face common dilemmas,which realize highprecision and stable touch detection but are rigid,bulky,and thick or achieve high flexibility to wear but lose precision.Here,we construct highly bending-insensitive,unpixelated,and waterproof epidermal interfaces(BUW epidermal interfaces)and demonstrate their interactive applications of conformal human–machine integration.The BUW epidermal interface based on the addressable electrical contact structure exhibits high-precision and stable touch detection,high flexibility,rapid response time,excellent stability,and versatile“cut-and-paste”character.Regardless of whether being flat or bent,the BUW epidermal interface can be conformally attached to the human skin for real-time,comfortable,and unrestrained interactions.This research provides promising insight into the functional composite and structural design strategies for developing epidermal electronics,which offers a new technology route and may further broaden human–machine interactions toward metaverse.
基金We acknowledge the supports by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51991343,51991340,and 52188101)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.52125309)+3 种基金Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Research Team Program(No.2017ZT07C341)the Shenzhen Basic Research Project(Nos.JCYJ20190809180605522,WDZC20200819095319002,and JCYJ20200109144616617)Y.L.and Y-C.B.would also like to acknowledge the Scientific Research Start-up Funds(No.QD2021033C)at Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolShenzhen Basic Research Project(No.JCYJ20220530142816037).
文摘Since the isolation of graphene in 2004,two-dimensional(2D)materials such as transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD)have attracted numerous interests due to their unique van der Waals structure,atomically thin body,and thickness-dependent properties.In recent years,the applications of TMD in public health have emerged due to their large surface area and high surface sensitivities,as well as their unique electrical,optical,and electrochemical properties.In this review,we focus on state-of-the-art methods to modulate the properties of 2D TMD and their applications in biosensing.Particularly,this review provides methods for designing and modulating 2D TMD via defect engineering and morphology control to achieve multi-functional surfaces for molecule capturing and sensing.Furthermore,we compare the 2D TMD-based biosensors with the traditional sensing systems,deepening our understanding of their action mechanism.Finally,we point out the challenges and opportunities of 2D TMD in this emerging area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants No.21531005,21421001,21671112)Natural Science Fund of Tianjin,China (Grant No.15JCZDJC38800)~~
文摘在保持原有"层-柱"MOF,[Zn_4(bpta)_2(dipytz)2(H_2O)_2]·4DMF·H_2O(1)(H4bpta=2,2′,6,6′-联苯四羧酸,dipytz=3,6-二(4-吡啶基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪)主体结构不变的情况下,通过dipytz配体中四嗪环的原位水解反应将极性的二芳酰基联氨基团引入框架,成功构筑出配合物[Zn_4(bpta)_2(dipytzhydr)_2(H_2O)_2]·solvent(2)(dipytzhydr=1,2-二异烟酰基肼)。对配合物2的系统表征和气体吸附性质研究结果证实了功能化目标的实现:配合物2相比于配合物1展现出更高的二氧化碳吸附热(由28.8 k J·mol-1升高至30.3 k J·mol-1)和CO_2/CH_4吸附选择性。以上结果表明基于配体中四嗪基团的原位水解后修饰能够有效提高相关MOFs材料的CO_2吸附性能。
