Background Significant efforts have been made to identify factors that differentiate patients treated with novel therapies,such as bortezomib in multiple myeloma （MM）.The exact expression pattern and prognostic valu...Background Significant efforts have been made to identify factors that differentiate patients treated with novel therapies,such as bortezomib in multiple myeloma （MM）.The exact expression pattern and prognostic value of the cancer/testis antigen preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma （PRAME） in MM are unknown and were explored in this study.Methods The transcript level of PRAME was detected in bone marrow specimens from 100 newly diagnosed MM patients using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and the prognostic value of PRAME was determined through retrospective survival analysis.PRAME expression higher than the upper limit of normal bone marrow was defined as PRAME overexpression or PRAME （＋）.Results Sixty-two patients （62.0％） overexpressed PRAME.PRAME overexpression showed no prognostic significance to either overall survival （n=100） or progression-free survival （PFS,n=96,all P ＞0.05） of patients.The patients were also categorized according to regimens with or without bortezomib.PRAME overexpression tended to be associated with a lower two-year PFS rate in patients treated with non-bortezomib-containing regimens （53.5％ vs.76.9％,P=0.071）.By contrast,it was not associated with the two-year PFS rate in patients with bortezomib-containing regimens （77.5％ vs.63.9％,P ＞0.05）.When the patients were categorized into PRAME （＋） and PRAME （-） groups,treatment with bortezomib-containing regimens predicted a higher two-year PFS rate in PRAME （＋） patients （77.5％ vs.53.5％,P=0.027） but showed no significant effect on two-year PFS rate in PRAME （-） patients （63.9％ vs.76.9％,P ＞0.05）.Conclusion PRAME overexpression might be an adverse prognostic factor of PFS in MM patients treated with non-bortezomib-containing regimens.Bortezomib improves PFS in patients overexpressing PRAME.展开更多
The formation mechanism of intragranular ferrites with acicular morphology was discussed.The ferrites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that the ferrites had an acicular structure w...The formation mechanism of intragranular ferrites with acicular morphology was discussed.The ferrites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that the ferrites had an acicular structure with radial,symmetrical,and acicular laths,and that the inclusions were the nucleation sites of the intragranular acicular ferrites.Transmission electron microscopy（TEM）was used to characterize the inclusions.The results of TEM with energy dispersive spectroscopy and TEM-selected area electron diffraction indicated that the complex inclusions consisted of Ti-Al complex oxides and MnS.The jagged edges of the complex inclusions can be ascribed to the effects of the crystal structure.The stabilization energy U of the coordination polyhedron growth units varies with the type of connection according to the calculation results.A larger Ucorresponds to more stable growth units,which induces the preferentially oriented growth of inclusions,at which point acicular ferrites are formed.展开更多
Cluster satellites observed three successive outflowing ion beams on 28 March, 2001. It is generally accepted that these ion beams, composed of H^+, He^+, and O^+ ions, with three inverted-V structures in their energy...Cluster satellites observed three successive outflowing ion beams on 28 March, 2001. It is generally accepted that these ion beams, composed of H^+, He^+, and O^+ ions, with three inverted-V structures in their energy spectra, are produced by acceleration through U-shaped potential structures. By eliminating the background ion population and employing Maxwelling fitting, we find that ions coming from the center of the potential structure have higher temperature than those from the flanks. Higher temperature of O^+ and He+compared to that of H^+ indicates that heavy ions are preferentially heated; we further infer that the heating efficiencies of O^+ and He^+ ions differ between the center and edges of the U-shaped potential structures. Estimation based on pitch angle observations shows that heating may also occur at an altitude above the upper boundary of the auroral acceleration region(AAR), where these beams are generally thought to be formed.展开更多
Lithium,as the lightest and lowest potential metal,is an ideal "battery metal" and the core strategic metal of the new energy industry revolution.Recovering lithium from spent lithium batteries(LIBs)has beco...Lithium,as the lightest and lowest potential metal,is an ideal "battery metal" and the core strategic metal of the new energy industry revolution.Recovering lithium from spent lithium batteries(LIBs)has become one of the significant approaches to obtaining lithium resources.At present,the lithium extraction being generally placed at the last step of the spent LIBs recovery process has puzzles such as high acid consumption,low Li recovery purity and low recovery efficiency.Selective lithium extraction at the first step of the recovery process can effectively solve those puzzles.Since lithium leaching is a non-spontaneous reaction requiring additional energy to achieve,it is found that these methods can be divided into five ways according to the different types of energy driving the reaction occurring:(ⅰ)electric energy driving lithium extraction;(ⅱ) chemical energy driving lithium extraction;(ⅲ) mechanical energy driving lithium extraction;(ⅳ) thermal energy driving lithium extraction;(ⅴ) other energy driving lithium extraction.Through the analysis of the principle,reaction process and results of recovering lithium methods can provide a few directions for scholars’ subsequent research.It is necessary to speed up the exploration of the principle of these methods.It is expected that this study could provide a reference for the research on the selective lithium extraction.展开更多
N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)has been found to be the most common type of post-transcriptional chemical modification in mammalian mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)(Dominissini et al.,2012;Meyer et al.,2012).In b...N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)has been found to be the most common type of post-transcriptional chemical modification in mammalian mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)(Dominissini et al.,2012;Meyer et al.,2012).In both mammals and yeast,RNA m^(6)A preferentially occurs in both gene coding regions and 3’untranslated regions(3’-UTRs),implicating its fundamental roles in every aspect of post-transcriptional regulation,including splicing,stability,and translation(Wang et al.,2014,2015;Zhao et al.,2014;Yang et al.,2018b).展开更多
Objective To investigate the expression of the preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma （PRAME） gene in acute leukemia and its clinical significance. Methods The level of expressed PRAME mRNA in bone marrow mono...Objective To investigate the expression of the preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma （PRAME） gene in acute leukemia and its clinical significance. Methods The level of expressed PRAME mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells from 34 patients with acute leukemia （AL） and in 12 bone marrow samples from healthy volunteers was measured via RT-PCR. Correlation analyses between PRAME gene expression and the clinical characteristics （gender, age, white blood count, immunophenotype of leukemia, percentage of blast cells, and karyotype） of the patients were performed. Results The PRAME gene was expressed in 38.2% of all 34 patients, in 40.7% of the patients with acute myelogenous leukemia （AML, n=27）, and in 28.6% of the patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia （ALL, n=7）, but was not expressed in the healthy volunteers. The difference in the expression levels between AML and ALL patients was statistically significant. The rate of gene expression was 80% in M~, 33.3% in M2, and 28.6% in M~. Gene expression was also found to be correlated with CDl5 and CD33 expression and abnormal karyotype, but not with age, gender; white blood count or percentage of blast cells. Conclusions The PRAME gene is highly expressed in acute leukemia and could be a useful marker to monitor minimal residual disease. This gene is also a candidate target for the immunotherapy of acute leukemia.展开更多
The study of hypernuclear states produced in （K-, π-） reactions on nuclei has obtained valuable information on the A-nucleus system and has attracted much interest. Recently, the excitation spectra of A13C have bee...The study of hypernuclear states produced in （K-, π-） reactions on nuclei has obtained valuable information on the A-nucleus system and has attracted much interest. Recently, the excitation spectra of A13C have been measured for the first time in the experiments at BNL. Different hypernuclear states are excited preferentially展开更多
Isotactic polypropylene is capable of crystallizing in several forms. The α or monoclinie form is the most stable and prevalent form. A γ or triclinic modification exists, which is generally associated with high pre...Isotactic polypropylene is capable of crystallizing in several forms. The α or monoclinie form is the most stable and prevalent form. A γ or triclinic modification exists, which is generally associated with high pressure crystallization. A third crystalline modification, the β or hexagonal form, is occasionally found in commercial polypropylene, usually at low levels. Work by H. J. Leugering has shown that small amounts of a quinacridone colorant, permanent red E3B, preferentially nucleated展开更多
Monoamine oxidase(MAO) embedded in the outer mitochondrial membrane oxidatively deaminates amine transmitters in the nervous system. MAO are divided into two types, Type A and Type B, according to their substrate spec...Monoamine oxidase(MAO) embedded in the outer mitochondrial membrane oxidatively deaminates amine transmitters in the nervous system. MAO are divided into two types, Type A and Type B, according to their substrate specificity and their sensitive inhibitors. Type A activity preferentially deaminates 5-hydroxytamine (5-HT) and is sensitive to展开更多
All isotopes of superheavy elements(z>103)are short-lived and available only at the level of"one-atom-at-a-time"^([1]).Experimental research of their chemical properties should be therefore preferentially...All isotopes of superheavy elements(z>103)are short-lived and available only at the level of"one-atom-at-a-time"^([1]).Experimental research of their chemical properties should be therefore preferentially performed with their lighter homologous elements.展开更多
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Prof.Zhang Zhefeng and his team from the Materials Fatigue and Fracture Division,Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Sciences,Institute of Metal Res...Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Prof.Zhang Zhefeng and his team from the Materials Fatigue and Fracture Division,Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Sciences,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,reported their findings in fatigue cracking behaviors of individual coherent and incoherent twin boundaries(TBs),which were published in Scientific Reports展开更多
文摘Background Significant efforts have been made to identify factors that differentiate patients treated with novel therapies,such as bortezomib in multiple myeloma （MM）.The exact expression pattern and prognostic value of the cancer/testis antigen preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma （PRAME） in MM are unknown and were explored in this study.Methods The transcript level of PRAME was detected in bone marrow specimens from 100 newly diagnosed MM patients using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction,and the prognostic value of PRAME was determined through retrospective survival analysis.PRAME expression higher than the upper limit of normal bone marrow was defined as PRAME overexpression or PRAME （＋）.Results Sixty-two patients （62.0％） overexpressed PRAME.PRAME overexpression showed no prognostic significance to either overall survival （n=100） or progression-free survival （PFS,n=96,all P ＞0.05） of patients.The patients were also categorized according to regimens with or without bortezomib.PRAME overexpression tended to be associated with a lower two-year PFS rate in patients treated with non-bortezomib-containing regimens （53.5％ vs.76.9％,P=0.071）.By contrast,it was not associated with the two-year PFS rate in patients with bortezomib-containing regimens （77.5％ vs.63.9％,P ＞0.05）.When the patients were categorized into PRAME （＋） and PRAME （-） groups,treatment with bortezomib-containing regimens predicted a higher two-year PFS rate in PRAME （＋） patients （77.5％ vs.53.5％,P=0.027） but showed no significant effect on two-year PFS rate in PRAME （-） patients （63.9％ vs.76.9％,P ＞0.05）.Conclusion PRAME overexpression might be an adverse prognostic factor of PFS in MM patients treated with non-bortezomib-containing regimens.Bortezomib improves PFS in patients overexpressing PRAME.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51574106,51474089)Key Funds of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(E2016209396)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(E2013209207)Research Science Institute on High-level Personnel of Colleges in Hebei Province of China(GCC20142030)
文摘The formation mechanism of intragranular ferrites with acicular morphology was discussed.The ferrites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy.The results showed that the ferrites had an acicular structure with radial,symmetrical,and acicular laths,and that the inclusions were the nucleation sites of the intragranular acicular ferrites.Transmission electron microscopy（TEM）was used to characterize the inclusions.The results of TEM with energy dispersive spectroscopy and TEM-selected area electron diffraction indicated that the complex inclusions consisted of Ti-Al complex oxides and MnS.The jagged edges of the complex inclusions can be ascribed to the effects of the crystal structure.The stabilization energy U of the coordination polyhedron growth units varies with the type of connection according to the calculation results.A larger Ucorresponds to more stable growth units,which induces the preferentially oriented growth of inclusions,at which point acicular ferrites are formed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants 41474139,41731068,and 41704163)
文摘Cluster satellites observed three successive outflowing ion beams on 28 March, 2001. It is generally accepted that these ion beams, composed of H^+, He^+, and O^+ ions, with three inverted-V structures in their energy spectra, are produced by acceleration through U-shaped potential structures. By eliminating the background ion population and employing Maxwelling fitting, we find that ions coming from the center of the potential structure have higher temperature than those from the flanks. Higher temperature of O^+ and He+compared to that of H^+ indicates that heavy ions are preferentially heated; we further infer that the heating efficiencies of O^+ and He^+ ions differ between the center and edges of the U-shaped potential structures. Estimation based on pitch angle observations shows that heating may also occur at an altitude above the upper boundary of the auroral acceleration region(AAR), where these beams are generally thought to be formed.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC1907900)the Key Project of Research and Development Plan of Jiangxi Province(20201BBE51007)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(52125002)。
文摘Lithium,as the lightest and lowest potential metal,is an ideal "battery metal" and the core strategic metal of the new energy industry revolution.Recovering lithium from spent lithium batteries(LIBs)has become one of the significant approaches to obtaining lithium resources.At present,the lithium extraction being generally placed at the last step of the spent LIBs recovery process has puzzles such as high acid consumption,low Li recovery purity and low recovery efficiency.Selective lithium extraction at the first step of the recovery process can effectively solve those puzzles.Since lithium leaching is a non-spontaneous reaction requiring additional energy to achieve,it is found that these methods can be divided into five ways according to the different types of energy driving the reaction occurring:(ⅰ)electric energy driving lithium extraction;(ⅱ) chemical energy driving lithium extraction;(ⅲ) mechanical energy driving lithium extraction;(ⅳ) thermal energy driving lithium extraction;(ⅴ) other energy driving lithium extraction.Through the analysis of the principle,reaction process and results of recovering lithium methods can provide a few directions for scholars’ subsequent research.It is necessary to speed up the exploration of the principle of these methods.It is expected that this study could provide a reference for the research on the selective lithium extraction.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0804000)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24020203)+4 种基金the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31970588,32170606,32201060)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang province(YQ2020C003)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M670516,2020T130687)the State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology。
文摘N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)has been found to be the most common type of post-transcriptional chemical modification in mammalian mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)(Dominissini et al.,2012;Meyer et al.,2012).In both mammals and yeast,RNA m^(6)A preferentially occurs in both gene coding regions and 3’untranslated regions(3’-UTRs),implicating its fundamental roles in every aspect of post-transcriptional regulation,including splicing,stability,and translation(Wang et al.,2014,2015;Zhao et al.,2014;Yang et al.,2018b).
文摘Objective To investigate the expression of the preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma （PRAME） gene in acute leukemia and its clinical significance. Methods The level of expressed PRAME mRNA in bone marrow mononuclear cells from 34 patients with acute leukemia （AL） and in 12 bone marrow samples from healthy volunteers was measured via RT-PCR. Correlation analyses between PRAME gene expression and the clinical characteristics （gender, age, white blood count, immunophenotype of leukemia, percentage of blast cells, and karyotype） of the patients were performed. Results The PRAME gene was expressed in 38.2% of all 34 patients, in 40.7% of the patients with acute myelogenous leukemia （AML, n=27）, and in 28.6% of the patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia （ALL, n=7）, but was not expressed in the healthy volunteers. The difference in the expression levels between AML and ALL patients was statistically significant. The rate of gene expression was 80% in M~, 33.3% in M2, and 28.6% in M~. Gene expression was also found to be correlated with CDl5 and CD33 expression and abnormal karyotype, but not with age, gender; white blood count or percentage of blast cells. Conclusions The PRAME gene is highly expressed in acute leukemia and could be a useful marker to monitor minimal residual disease. This gene is also a candidate target for the immunotherapy of acute leukemia.
文摘The study of hypernuclear states produced in （K-, π-） reactions on nuclei has obtained valuable information on the A-nucleus system and has attracted much interest. Recently, the excitation spectra of A13C have been measured for the first time in the experiments at BNL. Different hypernuclear states are excited preferentially
文摘Isotactic polypropylene is capable of crystallizing in several forms. The α or monoclinie form is the most stable and prevalent form. A γ or triclinic modification exists, which is generally associated with high pressure crystallization. A third crystalline modification, the β or hexagonal form, is occasionally found in commercial polypropylene, usually at low levels. Work by H. J. Leugering has shown that small amounts of a quinacridone colorant, permanent red E3B, preferentially nucleated
文摘Monoamine oxidase(MAO) embedded in the outer mitochondrial membrane oxidatively deaminates amine transmitters in the nervous system. MAO are divided into two types, Type A and Type B, according to their substrate specificity and their sensitive inhibitors. Type A activity preferentially deaminates 5-hydroxytamine (5-HT) and is sensitive to
文摘All isotopes of superheavy elements(z>103)are short-lived and available only at the level of"one-atom-at-a-time"^([1]).Experimental research of their chemical properties should be therefore preferentially performed with their lighter homologous elements.
文摘Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Prof.Zhang Zhefeng and his team from the Materials Fatigue and Fracture Division,Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Sciences,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,reported their findings in fatigue cracking behaviors of individual coherent and incoherent twin boundaries(TBs),which were published in Scientific Reports
