The imminence of terrorist activities and the necessity of the maximum possible disaster preparedness in the sense of indoor-navigation support have been brought to evidence by several catastrophes, e.g., the fire at ...The imminence of terrorist activities and the necessity of the maximum possible disaster preparedness in the sense of indoor-navigation support have been brought to evidence by several catastrophes, e.g., the fire at Istanbul Airport in May 2006 or the terror attacks on the London Underground on July 7, 2005. Since 2001 ten terror attacks have been thwarted only in Great Britain. For that reason the aim of the presented research project is to develop a solution for response and recovery to support rescuers in finding the shortest way within a public building and provide them with important information in their particular spa-tial context. Existing building information models (BIM) are used for displaying plans on mobile devices and for routing purposes. The indoor navigation system is based on wireless LAN (WLAN), ultra-wide-band (UWB), and radio frequency identification (RFID). These technologies are described in detail and an overview on data formats which are used to retrieve building data out of the BIM for generating routing networks is given.展开更多
弹箭残骸舱段的准确定位和连续监测是实现弹箭残骸舱段回收的关键技术之一。根据弹箭残骸飞行轨迹的特点,基于多站到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)无源定位原理,设计了弹箭残骸舱段轨迹定位监测技术方案,根据多基站接收到...弹箭残骸舱段的准确定位和连续监测是实现弹箭残骸舱段回收的关键技术之一。根据弹箭残骸飞行轨迹的特点,基于多站到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)无源定位原理,设计了弹箭残骸舱段轨迹定位监测技术方案,根据多基站接收到弹箭残骸舱段主动辐射信号的时间差信息,采用Chan算法完成对弹箭残骸舱段位置信息的解算,实现对弹箭残骸轨迹的连续监测。采用火箭回收舱段飞行轨迹数据,对弹箭残骸轨迹监测技术方案的可行性进行了仿真验证,通过定位精度对比试验,分析了基站距离和基站构型对弹箭残骸舱段轨迹监测效果的影响,仿真计算结果表明:在正方形构型下,基站间距离越大,残骸舱段定位精度越高;在菱形、Y字型、正方形三种构型中,菱形构型定位精度最好。展开更多
机器人定位技术作为智能机器人领域的重要技术,是机器人进行自主规划和导航的重要前提。为解决机器人运动过程中的绑架问题,在蒙特卡罗定位(Monte Carlo localization, MCL)算法的基础上,提出了基于激光雷达似然域模型的定位可靠度评判...机器人定位技术作为智能机器人领域的重要技术,是机器人进行自主规划和导航的重要前提。为解决机器人运动过程中的绑架问题,在蒙特卡罗定位(Monte Carlo localization, MCL)算法的基础上,提出了基于激光雷达似然域模型的定位可靠度评判算法以及基于惯性导航单元的定位自恢复模型。定位可靠度评判算法对机器人是否发生绑架问题进行判定,当发生绑架问题后,首先基于惯性导航单元的测量数据进行位姿预估计,然后基于预估计的位姿构建粒子重分布模型,最后进行粒子滤波得到重定位的结果,达到了对机器人绑架判定和自恢复定位的目的。经过实验测试和对比,该算法可以对绑架问题进行高效的判断,具有更高的恢复效率和准确度。展开更多
Aiming at the problem that the positioning accuracy of WiFi indoor positioning technology based on location fingerprint has not reached the requirements of practical application, a WiFi indoor positioning and tracking...Aiming at the problem that the positioning accuracy of WiFi indoor positioning technology based on location fingerprint has not reached the requirements of practical application, a WiFi indoor positioning and tracking algorithm combining adaptive affine propagation (AAPC), compressed sensing (CS) and Kalman filter is proposed. In the off-line phase, AAPC algorithm is used to generate clustering fingerprints with optimal clustering effect performance;In the online phase, CS and nearest neighbor algorithm are used for position estimation;Finally, the Kalman filter and physical constraints are combined to perform positioning and tracking. By collecting a large number of real experimental data, it is proved that the developed algorithm has higher positioning accuracy and more accurate trajectory tracking effect.展开更多
As global warming continues,the monitoring of changes in terrestrial water storage becomes increasingly important since it plays a critical role in understanding global change and water resource management.In North Am...As global warming continues,the monitoring of changes in terrestrial water storage becomes increasingly important since it plays a critical role in understanding global change and water resource management.In North America as elsewhere in the world,changes in water resources strongly impact agriculture and animal husbandry.From a combination of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment（GRACE） gravity and Global Positioning System（GPS） data,it is recently found that water storage from August,2002 to March,2011 recovered after the extreme Canadian Prairies drought between 1999 and 2005.In this paper,we use GRACE monthly gravity data of Release 5 to track the water storage change from August,2002 to June,2014.In Canadian Prairies and the Great Lakes areas,the total water storage is found to have increased during the last decade by a rate of 73.8 ± 14.5 Gt/a,which is larger than that found in the previous study due to the longer time span of GRACE observations used and the reduction of the leakage error.We also find a long term decrease of water storage at a rate of-12.0 ± 4.2 Gt/a in Ungava Peninsula,possibly due to permafrost degradation and less snow accumulation during the winter in the region.In addition,the effect of total mass gain in the surveyed area,on present-day sea level,amounts to-0.18 mm/a,and thus should be taken into account in studies of global sea level change.展开更多
文摘The imminence of terrorist activities and the necessity of the maximum possible disaster preparedness in the sense of indoor-navigation support have been brought to evidence by several catastrophes, e.g., the fire at Istanbul Airport in May 2006 or the terror attacks on the London Underground on July 7, 2005. Since 2001 ten terror attacks have been thwarted only in Great Britain. For that reason the aim of the presented research project is to develop a solution for response and recovery to support rescuers in finding the shortest way within a public building and provide them with important information in their particular spa-tial context. Existing building information models (BIM) are used for displaying plans on mobile devices and for routing purposes. The indoor navigation system is based on wireless LAN (WLAN), ultra-wide-band (UWB), and radio frequency identification (RFID). These technologies are described in detail and an overview on data formats which are used to retrieve building data out of the BIM for generating routing networks is given.
文摘弹箭残骸舱段的准确定位和连续监测是实现弹箭残骸舱段回收的关键技术之一。根据弹箭残骸飞行轨迹的特点,基于多站到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)无源定位原理,设计了弹箭残骸舱段轨迹定位监测技术方案,根据多基站接收到弹箭残骸舱段主动辐射信号的时间差信息,采用Chan算法完成对弹箭残骸舱段位置信息的解算,实现对弹箭残骸轨迹的连续监测。采用火箭回收舱段飞行轨迹数据,对弹箭残骸轨迹监测技术方案的可行性进行了仿真验证,通过定位精度对比试验,分析了基站距离和基站构型对弹箭残骸舱段轨迹监测效果的影响,仿真计算结果表明:在正方形构型下,基站间距离越大,残骸舱段定位精度越高;在菱形、Y字型、正方形三种构型中,菱形构型定位精度最好。
文摘机器人定位技术作为智能机器人领域的重要技术,是机器人进行自主规划和导航的重要前提。为解决机器人运动过程中的绑架问题,在蒙特卡罗定位(Monte Carlo localization, MCL)算法的基础上,提出了基于激光雷达似然域模型的定位可靠度评判算法以及基于惯性导航单元的定位自恢复模型。定位可靠度评判算法对机器人是否发生绑架问题进行判定,当发生绑架问题后,首先基于惯性导航单元的测量数据进行位姿预估计,然后基于预估计的位姿构建粒子重分布模型,最后进行粒子滤波得到重定位的结果,达到了对机器人绑架判定和自恢复定位的目的。经过实验测试和对比,该算法可以对绑架问题进行高效的判断,具有更高的恢复效率和准确度。
文摘Aiming at the problem that the positioning accuracy of WiFi indoor positioning technology based on location fingerprint has not reached the requirements of practical application, a WiFi indoor positioning and tracking algorithm combining adaptive affine propagation (AAPC), compressed sensing (CS) and Kalman filter is proposed. In the off-line phase, AAPC algorithm is used to generate clustering fingerprints with optimal clustering effect performance;In the online phase, CS and nearest neighbor algorithm are used for position estimation;Finally, the Kalman filter and physical constraints are combined to perform positioning and tracking. By collecting a large number of real experimental data, it is proved that the developed algorithm has higher positioning accuracy and more accurate trajectory tracking effect.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41431070,41174016,41274026,41274024,41321063)National Key Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,2012CB957703)+1 种基金CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams(KZZD-EW-TZ-05)The Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘As global warming continues,the monitoring of changes in terrestrial water storage becomes increasingly important since it plays a critical role in understanding global change and water resource management.In North America as elsewhere in the world,changes in water resources strongly impact agriculture and animal husbandry.From a combination of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment（GRACE） gravity and Global Positioning System（GPS） data,it is recently found that water storage from August,2002 to March,2011 recovered after the extreme Canadian Prairies drought between 1999 and 2005.In this paper,we use GRACE monthly gravity data of Release 5 to track the water storage change from August,2002 to June,2014.In Canadian Prairies and the Great Lakes areas,the total water storage is found to have increased during the last decade by a rate of 73.8 ± 14.5 Gt/a,which is larger than that found in the previous study due to the longer time span of GRACE observations used and the reduction of the leakage error.We also find a long term decrease of water storage at a rate of-12.0 ± 4.2 Gt/a in Ungava Peninsula,possibly due to permafrost degradation and less snow accumulation during the winter in the region.In addition,the effect of total mass gain in the surveyed area,on present-day sea level,amounts to-0.18 mm/a,and thus should be taken into account in studies of global sea level change.
