Solar vapor generation(SVC)represents a promising technique for seawater desalination to alleviate the global water crisis and energy shortage.One of its main bottleneck problems is that the evaporation efficiency and...Solar vapor generation(SVC)represents a promising technique for seawater desalination to alleviate the global water crisis and energy shortage.One of its main bottleneck problems is that the evaporation efficiency and stability are limited by salt crystallization under high-salinity brines.Herein,we demonstrate that the 3D porous melamine-foam(MF)wrapped by a type of self-assembling composite materials based on reduced polyoxometalates(i.e.heteropoly blue,HPB),oleic acid(OA),and polypyrrole(PPy)(labeled with MF@HPB-PPy_(n)-OA)can serve as efficient and stable SVC material at high salinity.Structural characterizations of MF@HPB-PPy_(n)-OA indicate that both hydrophilic region of HPBs and hydrophobic region of OA co-exist on the surface of composite materials,optimizing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic interfaces of the SVC materials,and fully exerting its functionality for ultrahigh water-evaporation and anti-salt fouling.The optimal MF@HPB-PPy_(10)-OA operates continuously and stably for over 100 h in 10wt%brine.Furthermore,MF@HPB-PPy_(10)-OA accomplishes complete salt-water separation of 10wt%brine with 3.3kgm^(-2)h^(-1)under 1-sun irradiation,yielding salt harvesting efficiency of 96.5%,which belongs to the record high of high-salinity systems reported so far and is close to achieving zero liquid discharge.Moreover,the low cost of MF@HPB-PPy_(10)-OA(2.56$m^(-2))suggests its potential application in the practical SVC technique.展开更多
The synergistic effect of H_3PMo_(12)O_(40) or H_3PW_(12)O_(40) polyoxometalate solution(POM) and TiO_2 to catalyze formic acid oxidation was investigated. Under UV irradiation, hole and electron were photogenerated b...The synergistic effect of H_3PMo_(12)O_(40) or H_3PW_(12)O_(40) polyoxometalate solution(POM) and TiO_2 to catalyze formic acid oxidation was investigated. Under UV irradiation, hole and electron were photogenerated by TiO_2. Formic acid was oxided by the photogenerated hole and photogenerated electron was transferred to reduce polyoxometalate. With this design, formic acid can be converted into electricity in the fuel cell and hydrogen can be generated in the electrolysis cell without noble metal catalyst. Unlike other noble metal catalysts applied in the fuel cells and electrolysis cell, POM and TiO_2 are stable and low cost. The maximum output power density of liquid formic acid fuel cell after 12 h UV irradiation is 5.21 mW/cm^2 for phosphmolybdic acid and 22.81 m W/cm^2 for phosphotungstic acid respectively. The applied potential for the hydrogen evolution is as low as 0.8 V for phosphmolybdic acid and 0.6 V for phosphotungstic acid.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(grant no.2020YFA0406101)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.22171041,22071020,21901035,22271043)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province Science and Technology Department(grant nos.20230508094RC,20220101045JC)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant no.2412021QD008)
文摘Solar vapor generation(SVC)represents a promising technique for seawater desalination to alleviate the global water crisis and energy shortage.One of its main bottleneck problems is that the evaporation efficiency and stability are limited by salt crystallization under high-salinity brines.Herein,we demonstrate that the 3D porous melamine-foam(MF)wrapped by a type of self-assembling composite materials based on reduced polyoxometalates(i.e.heteropoly blue,HPB),oleic acid(OA),and polypyrrole(PPy)(labeled with MF@HPB-PPy_(n)-OA)can serve as efficient and stable SVC material at high salinity.Structural characterizations of MF@HPB-PPy_(n)-OA indicate that both hydrophilic region of HPBs and hydrophobic region of OA co-exist on the surface of composite materials,optimizing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic interfaces of the SVC materials,and fully exerting its functionality for ultrahigh water-evaporation and anti-salt fouling.The optimal MF@HPB-PPy_(10)-OA operates continuously and stably for over 100 h in 10wt%brine.Furthermore,MF@HPB-PPy_(10)-OA accomplishes complete salt-water separation of 10wt%brine with 3.3kgm^(-2)h^(-1)under 1-sun irradiation,yielding salt harvesting efficiency of 96.5%,which belongs to the record high of high-salinity systems reported so far and is close to achieving zero liquid discharge.Moreover,the low cost of MF@HPB-PPy_(10)-OA(2.56$m^(-2))suggests its potential application in the practical SVC technique.
文摘The synergistic effect of H_3PMo_(12)O_(40) or H_3PW_(12)O_(40) polyoxometalate solution(POM) and TiO_2 to catalyze formic acid oxidation was investigated. Under UV irradiation, hole and electron were photogenerated by TiO_2. Formic acid was oxided by the photogenerated hole and photogenerated electron was transferred to reduce polyoxometalate. With this design, formic acid can be converted into electricity in the fuel cell and hydrogen can be generated in the electrolysis cell without noble metal catalyst. Unlike other noble metal catalysts applied in the fuel cells and electrolysis cell, POM and TiO_2 are stable and low cost. The maximum output power density of liquid formic acid fuel cell after 12 h UV irradiation is 5.21 mW/cm^2 for phosphmolybdic acid and 22.81 m W/cm^2 for phosphotungstic acid respectively. The applied potential for the hydrogen evolution is as low as 0.8 V for phosphmolybdic acid and 0.6 V for phosphotungstic acid.
