Positively charged composite nanofiltration （NF） membranes were prepared through interfacial polymerization of poly[2-（N,N-dimethyl amino）ethyl methacrylate]（PDMAEMA） on porous polysulfone （PSF） substrate memb...Positively charged composite nanofiltration （NF） membranes were prepared through interfacial polymerization of poly[2-（N,N-dimethyl amino）ethyl methacrylate]（PDMAEMA） on porous polysulfone （PSF） substrate membranes. The effects of pH on swelling ratio （SR） of the pure crosslinked PDMAEMA membrane and on separation performances of the composite NF membrane were investigated. The results show that the quaternized amino groups produced through interfacial polymerization technique are soluble in both phases, which accelerate the crosslinking reaction as self-catalysts. The swelling/contracting behavior of the pure crosslinked PDMAEMA exhibited a well reversible pH sensitive property. Importantly, the rejection and flux of the composite NF membrane show pH-sensitive behavior in NF process. Furthermore, with the help of a relatively novel method to measure membrane conduction, the true zeta potentials calculated on the basis of the streaming potential measurements proved the pH-sensitive behavior of the NF membrane.展开更多
Different from solid electrodes, conducting polymer hydrogel electrodes swollen with water and ions,can reach contact with the electrolyte solution at the molecular level, which will result in more efficient electroch...Different from solid electrodes, conducting polymer hydrogel electrodes swollen with water and ions,can reach contact with the electrolyte solution at the molecular level, which will result in more efficient electrochemical process of supercapacitors. Besides, the inherent soft nature of hydrogel material offers the electrode superior flexibility,which benefits to gain high flexibility for devices. Here, this perspective briefly introduces the current research progress in the field of conducting polymer hydrogel electrodes-based flexible solid-state supercapacitor and gives an outlook on the future trend of research.展开更多
4D printing has attracted great interest since the concept was introduced in 2012. The past 5 years have witnessed rapid advances in both 4D printing processes and materials. Unlike 3D printing, 4D printing allows the...4D printing has attracted great interest since the concept was introduced in 2012. The past 5 years have witnessed rapid advances in both 4D printing processes and materials. Unlike 3D printing, 4D printing allows the printed part to change its shape and function with time in response to change in external conditions such as temperature, light, electricity, and water. In this review, we first overview the history of 4D printing and discuss its definition. We then summarize recent technological advances in 4D printing with focuses on methods, materials, and their intrinsic links. Finally, we discuss potential applications and offer perspectives for this exciting new field.展开更多
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50673077)National Basic Research Program of China (No.2006CB708602)
文摘Positively charged composite nanofiltration （NF） membranes were prepared through interfacial polymerization of poly[2-（N,N-dimethyl amino）ethyl methacrylate]（PDMAEMA） on porous polysulfone （PSF） substrate membranes. The effects of pH on swelling ratio （SR） of the pure crosslinked PDMAEMA membrane and on separation performances of the composite NF membrane were investigated. The results show that the quaternized amino groups produced through interfacial polymerization technique are soluble in both phases, which accelerate the crosslinking reaction as self-catalysts. The swelling/contracting behavior of the pure crosslinked PDMAEMA exhibited a well reversible pH sensitive property. Importantly, the rejection and flux of the composite NF membrane show pH-sensitive behavior in NF process. Furthermore, with the help of a relatively novel method to measure membrane conduction, the true zeta potentials calculated on the basis of the streaming potential measurements proved the pH-sensitive behavior of the NF membrane.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51403211 and 51472238)the Innovative-Talent Program(Institute of Electrical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences)
文摘Different from solid electrodes, conducting polymer hydrogel electrodes swollen with water and ions,can reach contact with the electrolyte solution at the molecular level, which will result in more efficient electrochemical process of supercapacitors. Besides, the inherent soft nature of hydrogel material offers the electrode superior flexibility,which benefits to gain high flexibility for devices. Here, this perspective briefly introduces the current research progress in the field of conducting polymer hydrogel electrodes-based flexible solid-state supercapacitor and gives an outlook on the future trend of research.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar (No.21625402)the National Natural Science Funds for Youths (No.21604070)
文摘4D printing has attracted great interest since the concept was introduced in 2012. The past 5 years have witnessed rapid advances in both 4D printing processes and materials. Unlike 3D printing, 4D printing allows the printed part to change its shape and function with time in response to change in external conditions such as temperature, light, electricity, and water. In this review, we first overview the history of 4D printing and discuss its definition. We then summarize recent technological advances in 4D printing with focuses on methods, materials, and their intrinsic links. Finally, we discuss potential applications and offer perspectives for this exciting new field.
