Polyhydroxyalkanoates（PHAs） are aliphatic polyesters accumulated intracellularly by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. However, compared to the PHAs of Gramnegative bacteria, few endotoxins（lipopolysacc...Polyhydroxyalkanoates（PHAs） are aliphatic polyesters accumulated intracellularly by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. However, compared to the PHAs of Gramnegative bacteria, few endotoxins（lipopolysaccharides, LPS）, which would be co-purified with PHAs and cause immunogenic reactions, are found in the PHAs produced by Gram-positive bacteria. A thermophilic Gram-positive bacterium K5, which exhibited good growth and polyhydroxybutyrate（PHB）-accumulating ability, has been isolated and characterized from a biotrickling filter designed for the removal of NOx from flue gas in a coal-fired power plant in China. Based on the biochemical characterization and 16 S rRNA gene sequence（Genbank accession no. JX437933）, the strain K5 has been identified as Bacillus shackletonii, which has rarely been reported in the literature, and this report is the first time that B. shackletonii has been found to accumulate PHB. The strain K5 was able to utilize glucose as carbon source to synthesize PHB at a broad range of temperatures（from 35 to 50 °C）, and the ideal temperature was 45 °C. The strain K5 could effectively yield PHB of up to 69.9% of its cell dry weight（CDW）（2.28 g/L） in flask experiments employing glucose as carbon source at 45 °C, followed by 56.8% and 52.3% of its CDW when using sodium succinate and glycerol as carbon source, respectively. For batch cultivation, the strain K5 was able to produce PHB of up to 72.6% of its cell dry weight（9.76 g/L） employing glucose as carbon source at 45 °C and pH 7.0.展开更多
Biofoam products have attracted considerable attention lately because there is a growing demand for green/sustainable products.To this end,various biobased foams have either been developed or are currently in developm...Biofoam products have attracted considerable attention lately because there is a growing demand for green/sustainable products.To this end,various biobased foams have either been developed or are currently in development,e.g.,bio-based polyurethanes(PUs),polylactic acid(PLA),starch,and polyhydroxyalkanotates(PHAs).Indeed,significant progress has been made;however,chal-lenges still persist,for example,biobased foam products have poor processability,inferior com-patibility,thermal and strength properties.In this review,we focus on five biofoam products:namely bio-based PUs,PLA,starch,PHAs,and cellulose biofoam products,along with their prop-erties and performance,as well as their manufacturing processes.Further efforts are still needed to unlock the full potential of these bio-based products and meet the goal of complementing and gradually replacing some of their fossil-based counterparts.Finally,the challenges,as well as arising opportunities of future research directions are discussed.展开更多
A strain capable of producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) consisting of short\| and medium\|chain\|length monomers was identified as Pseudomonas sp. coded as YS1. The strain synthesized PHAs containing monomers ...A strain capable of producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) consisting of short\| and medium\|chain\|length monomers was identified as Pseudomonas sp. coded as YS1. The strain synthesized PHAs containing monomers of hydroxybutyrate(HB or C4) and/or hydroxyoctanoate (HO or C8) and/or hydroxydecanoate (HD or C10) when grown in various substrates including glucose, raw sugar, molasses and various fatty acids. It was found that growth temperature affected the HB and HO monomer contents in the PHA. HB content in PHA increased from mole fraction 69% at 26℃ to mole fraction 85% at 37℃ while HO content decreased from mole fraction 29% at 26℃ to mole fraction 12% at 37℃. The temperature effect provides a simple and effective way to control the PHA composition and hence control the PHA mechanical and other physical properties. Also, the fermentor experiment indicated that PHB formation was growth associated and HO monomer production was in fact promoted by N\|limitation. This conclusion was further supported by the fact that the formation of PHB only polyester was observed only when C/N molar ratio was smaller than 20. Higher C/N ratio led to the formation of HO monomers in the polyesters. 展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51378217, U1360101)the research Project of Guangdong Provincial Department of Science and Technology Department (No. 2012A010800006)the Guangdong Natural Science and Foundation (No. S2012020010887)
文摘Polyhydroxyalkanoates（PHAs） are aliphatic polyesters accumulated intracellularly by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. However, compared to the PHAs of Gramnegative bacteria, few endotoxins（lipopolysaccharides, LPS）, which would be co-purified with PHAs and cause immunogenic reactions, are found in the PHAs produced by Gram-positive bacteria. A thermophilic Gram-positive bacterium K5, which exhibited good growth and polyhydroxybutyrate（PHB）-accumulating ability, has been isolated and characterized from a biotrickling filter designed for the removal of NOx from flue gas in a coal-fired power plant in China. Based on the biochemical characterization and 16 S rRNA gene sequence（Genbank accession no. JX437933）, the strain K5 has been identified as Bacillus shackletonii, which has rarely been reported in the literature, and this report is the first time that B. shackletonii has been found to accumulate PHB. The strain K5 was able to utilize glucose as carbon source to synthesize PHB at a broad range of temperatures（from 35 to 50 °C）, and the ideal temperature was 45 °C. The strain K5 could effectively yield PHB of up to 69.9% of its cell dry weight（CDW）（2.28 g/L） in flask experiments employing glucose as carbon source at 45 °C, followed by 56.8% and 52.3% of its CDW when using sodium succinate and glycerol as carbon source, respectively. For batch cultivation, the strain K5 was able to produce PHB of up to 72.6% of its cell dry weight（9.76 g/L） employing glucose as carbon source at 45 °C and pH 7.0.
基金the financial support from National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2017YFB0307901)the Canada Research Chairs program of the Government of Canada(No.CRC950213262)the Discovery Program of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(No.RGPIN-2022-03210).
文摘Biofoam products have attracted considerable attention lately because there is a growing demand for green/sustainable products.To this end,various biobased foams have either been developed or are currently in development,e.g.,bio-based polyurethanes(PUs),polylactic acid(PLA),starch,and polyhydroxyalkanotates(PHAs).Indeed,significant progress has been made;however,chal-lenges still persist,for example,biobased foam products have poor processability,inferior com-patibility,thermal and strength properties.In this review,we focus on five biofoam products:namely bio-based PUs,PLA,starch,PHAs,and cellulose biofoam products,along with their prop-erties and performance,as well as their manufacturing processes.Further efforts are still needed to unlock the full potential of these bio-based products and meet the goal of complementing and gradually replacing some of their fossil-based counterparts.Finally,the challenges,as well as arising opportunities of future research directions are discussed.
基金the Trans-Century Training Prog ramme Foundation for Talent by the Ministry of Education and the Major Research of the Ninth
文摘A strain capable of producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) consisting of short\| and medium\|chain\|length monomers was identified as Pseudomonas sp. coded as YS1. The strain synthesized PHAs containing monomers of hydroxybutyrate(HB or C4) and/or hydroxyoctanoate (HO or C8) and/or hydroxydecanoate (HD or C10) when grown in various substrates including glucose, raw sugar, molasses and various fatty acids. It was found that growth temperature affected the HB and HO monomer contents in the PHA. HB content in PHA increased from mole fraction 69% at 26℃ to mole fraction 85% at 37℃ while HO content decreased from mole fraction 29% at 26℃ to mole fraction 12% at 37℃. The temperature effect provides a simple and effective way to control the PHA composition and hence control the PHA mechanical and other physical properties. Also, the fermentor experiment indicated that PHB formation was growth associated and HO monomer production was in fact promoted by N\|limitation. This conclusion was further supported by the fact that the formation of PHB only polyester was observed only when C/N molar ratio was smaller than 20. Higher C/N ratio led to the formation of HO monomers in the polyesters.
