In recent years,tens of product teams,research institutes,academic conferences,and college courses-the list goes on-have cropped up under the banner of tech ethics to grapple with the social and political impact of te...In recent years,tens of product teams,research institutes,academic conferences,and college courses-the list goes on-have cropped up under the banner of tech ethics to grapple with the social and political impact of technology.For some,an orientation around ethics indicates a moment of humility in an industry characterized by hubris.Now even major tech corporations are seeking expertise outside of the technical sphere.In speaking tech ethics,we speak ethics to power.For others,the outlook is less rosy.Critical observers take tech ethics to just be the latest tool in the same-old corporate toolshed-new rhetoric in service of old interests.Tech ethics is a wolf in sheep’s clothing.It is power speaking ethics.But debate about tech ethics concerns more than descriptive analyses of current efforts as such.The capacities of ethical tech as a political movement are also up for scrutiny.What is the political payoff of anyone speaking ethics at all?In this article,the author approaches the question by drawing on a critical history of another moral-turned-political movement.A critical inquiry into the ascendency of human rights,the author suggests,elucidates the multiple functions of moral reasoning and rhetoric in political movements and lends insight into how they may ultimately bear on political efficacy.The 20th century history of human rights gives reason to be suspicious of moral language that is evasive of engaging political and ideological battles.However,it also points to the possibility that long-standing moral ideals may be renewed and refashioned into new claims.Tech ethics may yet play such a role:placing explicitly moral demands on those typically taken to be exempt from moral standards.This demand reaches beyond what the specialized moniker of“tech ethics”suggests.展开更多
Movement of major fund1 flows has great impact on capital markets, especially in China. This study investigates the relationship between abnormal main fund movements and firm＇s earnings management behavior, specifica...Movement of major fund1 flows has great impact on capital markets, especially in China. This study investigates the relationship between abnormal main fund movements and firm＇s earnings management behavior, specifically, whether the abnormal main fund movements cause firms to keep a low profile for ＂self-protection＂ from being detected by the government. The empirical results of this study suggest that： （1） The mandatory disclosure of the ＂Top-ten circulating stockholders＂ requirement does not only reduce information asymmetry between investors and listed firms, but also strengthens and improves the efficiency of related government regulations in detecting disclosure of false information. This, in turn, increases the risk of being detected for firms with earnings management activities. （2） After abnormal main fund movements, relevant firms significantly reduce the level of earnings management to avoid attention from the public and regulatory agencies. （3） Using political connections as a proxy for the ＂shield effect＂ to mask political cost, we show that the negative relation between abnormal main fund movements and earnings management exists only for the subsample of firms without political connections. This paper provides a new angle for political cost study, and suggests that traditional political cost hypothesis should be further generalized.展开更多
文摘In recent years,tens of product teams,research institutes,academic conferences,and college courses-the list goes on-have cropped up under the banner of tech ethics to grapple with the social and political impact of technology.For some,an orientation around ethics indicates a moment of humility in an industry characterized by hubris.Now even major tech corporations are seeking expertise outside of the technical sphere.In speaking tech ethics,we speak ethics to power.For others,the outlook is less rosy.Critical observers take tech ethics to just be the latest tool in the same-old corporate toolshed-new rhetoric in service of old interests.Tech ethics is a wolf in sheep’s clothing.It is power speaking ethics.But debate about tech ethics concerns more than descriptive analyses of current efforts as such.The capacities of ethical tech as a political movement are also up for scrutiny.What is the political payoff of anyone speaking ethics at all?In this article,the author approaches the question by drawing on a critical history of another moral-turned-political movement.A critical inquiry into the ascendency of human rights,the author suggests,elucidates the multiple functions of moral reasoning and rhetoric in political movements and lends insight into how they may ultimately bear on political efficacy.The 20th century history of human rights gives reason to be suspicious of moral language that is evasive of engaging political and ideological battles.However,it also points to the possibility that long-standing moral ideals may be renewed and refashioned into new claims.Tech ethics may yet play such a role:placing explicitly moral demands on those typically taken to be exempt from moral standards.This demand reaches beyond what the specialized moniker of“tech ethics”suggests.
基金Acknowledgements This work is sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 71272152 and 71172180）.
文摘Movement of major fund1 flows has great impact on capital markets, especially in China. This study investigates the relationship between abnormal main fund movements and firm＇s earnings management behavior, specifically, whether the abnormal main fund movements cause firms to keep a low profile for ＂self-protection＂ from being detected by the government. The empirical results of this study suggest that： （1） The mandatory disclosure of the ＂Top-ten circulating stockholders＂ requirement does not only reduce information asymmetry between investors and listed firms, but also strengthens and improves the efficiency of related government regulations in detecting disclosure of false information. This, in turn, increases the risk of being detected for firms with earnings management activities. （2） After abnormal main fund movements, relevant firms significantly reduce the level of earnings management to avoid attention from the public and regulatory agencies. （3） Using political connections as a proxy for the ＂shield effect＂ to mask political cost, we show that the negative relation between abnormal main fund movements and earnings management exists only for the subsample of firms without political connections. This paper provides a new angle for political cost study, and suggests that traditional political cost hypothesis should be further generalized.
