为实现棉织物的高效抗菌,以氯苯咪唑为抗菌剂对棉织物进行抗菌整理,比较了轧烘焙、电子束辐照及等离子体预处理等方式对棉织物抗菌性能的影响。将整理剂质量分数、浸泡时间以及辐照剂量作为影响因素进行试验,得到电子束辐照的优化工艺...为实现棉织物的高效抗菌,以氯苯咪唑为抗菌剂对棉织物进行抗菌整理,比较了轧烘焙、电子束辐照及等离子体预处理等方式对棉织物抗菌性能的影响。将整理剂质量分数、浸泡时间以及辐照剂量作为影响因素进行试验,得到电子束辐照的优化工艺条件为:整理剂质量分数15%、浸泡时间60 min、辐照剂量65 k Gy。对经轧烘焙工艺、电子束辐照工艺(EB工艺)、基于等离子体预处理的电子束辐照工艺(P-EB工艺)整理的棉织物进行表面形貌观察、红外光谱表征、抗菌性能及其耐洗牢度测试、断裂强力及白度测试。结果表明:3种工艺整理的棉织物均有效接枝氯苯咪唑,经P-EB整理的棉织物抗菌性能最优,并具有优异的耐洗牢度,且织物强力及白度均满足服用要求。展开更多
[ Objective] To study the effects of different pretreatment methods on determination of microelement in feed and thus find the best pre treatment method for each microetement, t Method] The samples （concentrated feed...[ Objective] To study the effects of different pretreatment methods on determination of microelement in feed and thus find the best pre treatment method for each microetement, t Method] The samples （concentrated feeding stuff and fodder） were pretreated through throe methods, that is, dry incineration method, HNOs HCIO, wetdecomposition method and microwave digestion method. Then the content of seven kinds of mi croelement （AI, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se and Zn） was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer （ICPAES）. I Result] These three methods were all suitable for the determination of Cu, Mn and Zn in concentrated feeding stuff and the determination of Cu and Ca in fodder. The content of Cu and Ca was higher in fodder detected by HNO3 HCIO, wetdecomposition method. The microwave digestion method was suitable for the determination of AI and Ca in concentrated feeding stuff and the determination of AI, Fe, Mn and Zn in fodder. The dry incinera tion method was fit for the determination of Fe in concentrated feeding stuff. [ Condusionl The content of different microelements should be deter mined after the feed is treated with different Ioretreatment methods.展开更多
Diamond-like carbon(DLC)films are deposited on rubber surfaces to protect the rubber components,and surface pretreatment of the rubber substrates prior to the film deposition can improve the adhesion between the DLC f...Diamond-like carbon(DLC)films are deposited on rubber surfaces to protect the rubber components,and surface pretreatment of the rubber substrates prior to the film deposition can improve the adhesion between the DLC films and the rubber.Thus,the principal purpose of this work concentrates on determining the effects of argon(Ar),oxygen(O_(2)),nitrogen(N_(2)),and hydrogen(H_(2))plasma pretreatments on the adhesion and friction performance of the DLC films deposited on rubber(DLC/rubber).The results indicated that the Ar plasma pretreatment promoted the formation of a compact layer on the rubber surface.By contrast,massive fillers were exposed on the rubber surface after oxygen or nitrogen plasma pretreatments.Moreover,the typical micrometer-scale patches divided by random cracks were observed on the surface of DLC/rubber,except for the sample pretreated with oxygen plasma.The adhesion of DLC/rubber was found to strengthen with the removal of weak boundary layers and the generation of free radicals on the rubber surface after plasma pretreatment.The tribo-tests revealed that DLC/rubber with O_(2),N_(2),and H_(2) plasma pretreatments cannot achieve optimal friction performance.Significantly,DLC/rubber with Ar plasma pretreatment exhibited a low and stable friction coefficient of 0.19 and superior wear resistance,which was correlated to the high adhesion,good load-bearing of the rubber surface,and the approximate sine function of the surface profile of the DLC film.展开更多
Dielectric barrier discharge （DBD） plasma was used as a pretreatment method for downstream hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose （MCC）.The degree of polymerization （DP） of MCC decreased after it was pretreate...Dielectric barrier discharge （DBD） plasma was used as a pretreatment method for downstream hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose （MCC）.The degree of polymerization （DP） of MCC decreased after it was pretreated by DBD plasma under a carder gas of air/argon.The effectiveness of depolymerization was found to be influenced by the crystallinity of MCC when under the pretreatment of DBD plasma.With the addition of tert-butyl alcohol in the treated MCC water suspension solution,depolymerization effectiveness of MCC was inhibited.When MCC was pretreated by DBD plasma for 30 min,the total reducing sugar concentration （TRSC） and liquefaction yield （LY） of pretreated-MCC （PMCC） increased by 82.98% and 34.18% respectively compared with those for raw MCC.展开更多
在纯棉纱线涂料染色的前处理工艺中,以常压等离子体处理代替高污染的煮练、漂白工序以优化涂料染色工艺,提高染色效果。通过单因素试验对比等离子体处理前后纯棉纱线表面微观结构的变化,探讨了不同等离子体处理功率、车速及处理方式对...在纯棉纱线涂料染色的前处理工艺中,以常压等离子体处理代替高污染的煮练、漂白工序以优化涂料染色工艺,提高染色效果。通过单因素试验对比等离子体处理前后纯棉纱线表面微观结构的变化,探讨了不同等离子体处理功率、车速及处理方式对纯棉纱线性能及涂料染色效果的影响。结果表明,等离子体可在不损伤棉纤维力学性能的前提下改善其微观结构、提高棉纤维的吸湿性;最优工艺为车速20 m/min、功率1.5~2.0 k W、双面处理,此时水在纱线上的接触角为0,纱线的亲水性、染色效果较好,特别是功率为2.0 k W时,涂料染色后纯棉纱线的耐摩擦色牢度达到4级或4级以上。展开更多
Vertical van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures composed of two-dimensional(2D)layered materials have recently attracted substantial interests due to their unique properties.However,the direct synthesis of moirésuper...Vertical van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures composed of two-dimensional(2D)layered materials have recently attracted substantial interests due to their unique properties.However,the direct synthesis of moirésuperlattice remains a great challenge due to the difficulties in heterogeneous nucleation on smooth vdW surfaces.Here,we report a controllable chemical vapor deposition growth of complete monolayer WS_(2)on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite(HOPG)substrates through the plasma pretreatment.The results show that the morphologies of the grown WS_(2)have a strong dependence on the plasma parameters,including gas composition,source power,and treatment time.It is found that the surface C–C bonds are broken in the plasma pretreated HOPG,and the formed small clusters can act as the nucleation sites for the subsequent growth of WS_(2).Moreover,the height of clusters dominates the growth mode of WS_(2)islands.A transition from a 2D mode to three-dimensional(3D)growth mode occurs when the height is higher than the interlayer spacing of the heterostructure.Besides,diverse moirésuperlattices with different twist angles for WS_(2)/HOPG heterostructures are observed,and the formation mechanism is further analyzed by firstprinciples calculations.展开更多
文摘为实现棉织物的高效抗菌,以氯苯咪唑为抗菌剂对棉织物进行抗菌整理,比较了轧烘焙、电子束辐照及等离子体预处理等方式对棉织物抗菌性能的影响。将整理剂质量分数、浸泡时间以及辐照剂量作为影响因素进行试验,得到电子束辐照的优化工艺条件为:整理剂质量分数15%、浸泡时间60 min、辐照剂量65 k Gy。对经轧烘焙工艺、电子束辐照工艺(EB工艺)、基于等离子体预处理的电子束辐照工艺(P-EB工艺)整理的棉织物进行表面形貌观察、红外光谱表征、抗菌性能及其耐洗牢度测试、断裂强力及白度测试。结果表明:3种工艺整理的棉织物均有效接枝氯苯咪唑,经P-EB整理的棉织物抗菌性能最优,并具有优异的耐洗牢度,且织物强力及白度均满足服用要求。
文摘[ Objective] To study the effects of different pretreatment methods on determination of microelement in feed and thus find the best pre treatment method for each microetement, t Method] The samples （concentrated feeding stuff and fodder） were pretreated through throe methods, that is, dry incineration method, HNOs HCIO, wetdecomposition method and microwave digestion method. Then the content of seven kinds of mi croelement （AI, Ca, Cu, Fe, Mn, Se and Zn） was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer （ICPAES）. I Result] These three methods were all suitable for the determination of Cu, Mn and Zn in concentrated feeding stuff and the determination of Cu and Ca in fodder. The content of Cu and Ca was higher in fodder detected by HNO3 HCIO, wetdecomposition method. The microwave digestion method was suitable for the determination of AI and Ca in concentrated feeding stuff and the determination of AI, Fe, Mn and Zn in fodder. The dry incinera tion method was fit for the determination of Fe in concentrated feeding stuff. [ Condusionl The content of different microelements should be deter mined after the feed is treated with different Ioretreatment methods.
基金carried out in Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.2017459)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1737213 and 51911530114).
文摘Diamond-like carbon(DLC)films are deposited on rubber surfaces to protect the rubber components,and surface pretreatment of the rubber substrates prior to the film deposition can improve the adhesion between the DLC films and the rubber.Thus,the principal purpose of this work concentrates on determining the effects of argon(Ar),oxygen(O_(2)),nitrogen(N_(2)),and hydrogen(H_(2))plasma pretreatments on the adhesion and friction performance of the DLC films deposited on rubber(DLC/rubber).The results indicated that the Ar plasma pretreatment promoted the formation of a compact layer on the rubber surface.By contrast,massive fillers were exposed on the rubber surface after oxygen or nitrogen plasma pretreatments.Moreover,the typical micrometer-scale patches divided by random cracks were observed on the surface of DLC/rubber,except for the sample pretreated with oxygen plasma.The adhesion of DLC/rubber was found to strengthen with the removal of weak boundary layers and the generation of free radicals on the rubber surface after plasma pretreatment.The tribo-tests revealed that DLC/rubber with O_(2),N_(2),and H_(2) plasma pretreatments cannot achieve optimal friction performance.Significantly,DLC/rubber with Ar plasma pretreatment exhibited a low and stable friction coefficient of 0.19 and superior wear resistance,which was correlated to the high adhesion,good load-bearing of the rubber surface,and the approximate sine function of the surface profile of the DLC film.
基金funded by Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(No. 15KJB150005,No.15KJD530002,No.14KJB350003)Natural Science Foundation of JSNU(No.9212314108)
文摘Dielectric barrier discharge （DBD） plasma was used as a pretreatment method for downstream hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose （MCC）.The degree of polymerization （DP） of MCC decreased after it was pretreated by DBD plasma under a carder gas of air/argon.The effectiveness of depolymerization was found to be influenced by the crystallinity of MCC when under the pretreatment of DBD plasma.With the addition of tert-butyl alcohol in the treated MCC water suspension solution,depolymerization effectiveness of MCC was inhibited.When MCC was pretreated by DBD plasma for 30 min,the total reducing sugar concentration （TRSC） and liquefaction yield （LY） of pretreated-MCC （PMCC） increased by 82.98% and 34.18% respectively compared with those for raw MCC.
文摘在纯棉纱线涂料染色的前处理工艺中,以常压等离子体处理代替高污染的煮练、漂白工序以优化涂料染色工艺,提高染色效果。通过单因素试验对比等离子体处理前后纯棉纱线表面微观结构的变化,探讨了不同等离子体处理功率、车速及处理方式对纯棉纱线性能及涂料染色效果的影响。结果表明,等离子体可在不损伤棉纤维力学性能的前提下改善其微观结构、提高棉纤维的吸湿性;最优工艺为车速20 m/min、功率1.5~2.0 k W、双面处理,此时水在纱线上的接触角为0,纱线的亲水性、染色效果较好,特别是功率为2.0 k W时,涂料染色后纯棉纱线的耐摩擦色牢度达到4级或4级以上。
基金the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.61974123,61874092,and 61804129)the National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(No.62022068)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.20720190055 and 20720190058).
文摘Vertical van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures composed of two-dimensional(2D)layered materials have recently attracted substantial interests due to their unique properties.However,the direct synthesis of moirésuperlattice remains a great challenge due to the difficulties in heterogeneous nucleation on smooth vdW surfaces.Here,we report a controllable chemical vapor deposition growth of complete monolayer WS_(2)on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite(HOPG)substrates through the plasma pretreatment.The results show that the morphologies of the grown WS_(2)have a strong dependence on the plasma parameters,including gas composition,source power,and treatment time.It is found that the surface C–C bonds are broken in the plasma pretreated HOPG,and the formed small clusters can act as the nucleation sites for the subsequent growth of WS_(2).Moreover,the height of clusters dominates the growth mode of WS_(2)islands.A transition from a 2D mode to three-dimensional(3D)growth mode occurs when the height is higher than the interlayer spacing of the heterostructure.Besides,diverse moirésuperlattices with different twist angles for WS_(2)/HOPG heterostructures are observed,and the formation mechanism is further analyzed by firstprinciples calculations.
