Rice （Oryza sativa L.） is an important food crop and requires larger amount of water throughout its life cycle as compared to other crops. Hence, water related stress cause severe threat to rice production. Drought ...Rice （Oryza sativa L.） is an important food crop and requires larger amount of water throughout its life cycle as compared to other crops. Hence, water related stress cause severe threat to rice production. Drought is a major challenge limiting rice production. It affects rice at morphological （reduced germination, plant height, plant biomass, number of tillers, various root and leaf traits）, physiological （reduced photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, relative water content, chlorophyll content, photosystem II activity, membrane stability, carbon isotope discrimination and abscisic acid content）, biochemical （accumulation of osmoprotectant like proline, sugars, polyamines and antioxidants） and molecular （altered expression of genes which encode transcription factors and defence related proteins） levels and thereby affects its yield. To facilitate the selection or development of drought tolerant rice varieties, a thorough understanding of the various mechanisms that govern the yield of rice under water stress condition is a prerequisite. Thus, this review is focused mainly on recent information about the effects of drought on rice, rice responses as well as adaptation mechanisms to drought stress.展开更多
热应激会降低工作效率并导致热相关疾病。为了量化高温环境下环卫工人的热应激水平,建立一个生理状态安全评价指标(physiological state safety evaluation index,PSEI)。首先,引入尖点突变理论分析不同热环境下人体生理状态变化趋势。...热应激会降低工作效率并导致热相关疾病。为了量化高温环境下环卫工人的热应激水平,建立一个生理状态安全评价指标(physiological state safety evaluation index,PSEI)。首先,引入尖点突变理论分析不同热环境下人体生理状态变化趋势。其次,基于信息熵和变权理论计算生理指标的权重,并利用尖点突变级数法建立人体生理状态评价体系。最后,提出新评价指标PSEI以量化生理状态安全水平,并在此基础上确定PSEI的安全等级。结果表明:在不同环境条件和生理状态下,生理指标的权重是变化的;平均皮肤温度、耳膜温度、收缩压和心率的权重范围分别为0.09~0.64、0.08~0.41、0.07~0.74和0.06~0.33;PSEI的安全等级为:非常安全(0.948,1]、相对安全(0.886,0.948]、中等(0.798,0.886]、相对危险(0.649,0.798]和非常危险[0,0.649]。PSEI可为高温环境下环卫工人提供实时的生理状态安全评估和健康预警。展开更多
Physiological diarrhea of baby during the period of breastfeeding often occures. To investigate the relationship between mother's milk and the physiological diarrhea of baby, we measured the PGE2 levels in milk of...Physiological diarrhea of baby during the period of breastfeeding often occures. To investigate the relationship between mother's milk and the physiological diarrhea of baby, we measured the PGE2 levels in milk of 320 lactating women within 4 months of postpartum with radioimmunoassay and the mean value of PGE2 level was 216.8+145.2 ng / L. The PGE2 lev els in mother's milk in the group with diarrhea were 286.5± 142.2 ng / L, that of control group 130.4±76.3 ng / L. The dif ference was obviously significant (P< 0.001). The physiological diarrhea of baby was positively related to the PGE2 level in mother's milk (r=0.75, P<0.01) i.e., the high PGE2 level in mother's milk may be an important cause of diseases. The observation on 102 cases of baby with severe physiological diarrhea showed a higher level of PGE: in the mother's milk. 52 cases of lactating women in the treated group were given indomethacin, and after treatment the PGE2 level in mother's milk decreased obviously, and the diarrhea of baby diasppeared. The effective rate was 96.15%. No side effects were found in both mother and baby.展开更多
基金supported by the Department of Science & Technology, New Delhi, India
文摘Rice （Oryza sativa L.） is an important food crop and requires larger amount of water throughout its life cycle as compared to other crops. Hence, water related stress cause severe threat to rice production. Drought is a major challenge limiting rice production. It affects rice at morphological （reduced germination, plant height, plant biomass, number of tillers, various root and leaf traits）, physiological （reduced photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, relative water content, chlorophyll content, photosystem II activity, membrane stability, carbon isotope discrimination and abscisic acid content）, biochemical （accumulation of osmoprotectant like proline, sugars, polyamines and antioxidants） and molecular （altered expression of genes which encode transcription factors and defence related proteins） levels and thereby affects its yield. To facilitate the selection or development of drought tolerant rice varieties, a thorough understanding of the various mechanisms that govern the yield of rice under water stress condition is a prerequisite. Thus, this review is focused mainly on recent information about the effects of drought on rice, rice responses as well as adaptation mechanisms to drought stress.
文摘热应激会降低工作效率并导致热相关疾病。为了量化高温环境下环卫工人的热应激水平,建立一个生理状态安全评价指标(physiological state safety evaluation index,PSEI)。首先,引入尖点突变理论分析不同热环境下人体生理状态变化趋势。其次,基于信息熵和变权理论计算生理指标的权重,并利用尖点突变级数法建立人体生理状态评价体系。最后,提出新评价指标PSEI以量化生理状态安全水平,并在此基础上确定PSEI的安全等级。结果表明:在不同环境条件和生理状态下,生理指标的权重是变化的;平均皮肤温度、耳膜温度、收缩压和心率的权重范围分别为0.09~0.64、0.08~0.41、0.07~0.74和0.06~0.33;PSEI的安全等级为:非常安全(0.948,1]、相对安全(0.886,0.948]、中等(0.798,0.886]、相对危险(0.649,0.798]和非常危险[0,0.649]。PSEI可为高温环境下环卫工人提供实时的生理状态安全评估和健康预警。
文摘Physiological diarrhea of baby during the period of breastfeeding often occures. To investigate the relationship between mother's milk and the physiological diarrhea of baby, we measured the PGE2 levels in milk of 320 lactating women within 4 months of postpartum with radioimmunoassay and the mean value of PGE2 level was 216.8+145.2 ng / L. The PGE2 lev els in mother's milk in the group with diarrhea were 286.5± 142.2 ng / L, that of control group 130.4±76.3 ng / L. The dif ference was obviously significant (P< 0.001). The physiological diarrhea of baby was positively related to the PGE2 level in mother's milk (r=0.75, P<0.01) i.e., the high PGE2 level in mother's milk may be an important cause of diseases. The observation on 102 cases of baby with severe physiological diarrhea showed a higher level of PGE: in the mother's milk. 52 cases of lactating women in the treated group were given indomethacin, and after treatment the PGE2 level in mother's milk decreased obviously, and the diarrhea of baby diasppeared. The effective rate was 96.15%. No side effects were found in both mother and baby.
