The direct and sensitized photodegradations of imidacloprid, 1-(6-chloro-3-pyridinylmethyl)-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine, were investigated in aqueous solution and with and without various photo-sensitizers. Results of...The direct and sensitized photodegradations of imidacloprid, 1-(6-chloro-3-pyridinylmethyl)-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine, were investigated in aqueous solution and with and without various photo-sensitizers. Results of the study revealed that the intensity of lamp-house and irradiation wavelength had significant effects on the photolysis of imidacloprid. Complete degradation of 20 mg/L imidacloprid in aqueous phase was observed in 40 min under ultraviolet(UV) irradiation system, suggesting the ultraviolet ray played significant role in direct photolysis of imidacloprid. The additions of various photo-sensitizers lead to improve the degradation efficiency of imidacloprid under the irradiation of black light fluorescent lamp. TiO 2 was the most efficient in the photo-catalytic degradation of imidacloprid among other photo-sensitizers in used this study. However, addition of acetone inhibited the photolysis of imidacloprid under the irradiation of UV, indicating the occurrence of competition between acetone and imidacloprid for photos. Mineralization of the imidacloprid was examined to clarify the final photochemical degradation products of the insecticide which were CO 2, Cl- and NO- 3. Complete photo-oxidation of nitrogen to NO- 3 occurred very slowly via the intermediate formation of NH+ 4 and NO- 2.展开更多
To suppress the extension of the photo-sensitive area of a planar-type InGaAs detector, the structure of the detector was modified, and the small-diffusion-area diffusion method, circle-type covering contact and guard...To suppress the extension of the photo-sensitive area of a planar-type InGaAs detector, the structure of the detector was modified, and the small-diffusion-area diffusion method, circle-type covering contact and guard-ring were introduced. The laser-beam-induced-current （LBIC） technique was used to study the photo responsive characteristics of the photo-sensitive area of different detector structures. It was indicated that, by modifying the size of the diffusion area, the width of the circle-type covering contact, the distance between the guard-ring and the photo-sensitive area and the working status of the guard-ring, extension of the photo-sensitive area could be effectively suppressed, and the detector photo-sensitive area could be exactly defined.展开更多
采用紫外光接枝的方法在含有光敏性基团的聚丙烯腈超滤膜上接枝了N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAAm),提出一种制备温敏型分离膜的新方法。采用红外光谱分析和扫描电子显微镜测试技术证明了改性膜表面及膜孔内部PNIPAAm接枝链的存在。当接枝单体N...采用紫外光接枝的方法在含有光敏性基团的聚丙烯腈超滤膜上接枝了N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAAm),提出一种制备温敏型分离膜的新方法。采用红外光谱分析和扫描电子显微镜测试技术证明了改性膜表面及膜孔内部PNIPAAm接枝链的存在。当接枝单体NIPAAm浓度为0.4 mol/L时,接枝率出现最大值,达到4.89%;接枝率随着接枝反应温度和时间的增加而增大,但是较高的反应温度(>35℃)和较长的辐照时间(>15 m in)会减缓接枝率的增加。接枝膜的亲水性随接枝率的增大而明显增加。展开更多
文摘The direct and sensitized photodegradations of imidacloprid, 1-(6-chloro-3-pyridinylmethyl)-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine, were investigated in aqueous solution and with and without various photo-sensitizers. Results of the study revealed that the intensity of lamp-house and irradiation wavelength had significant effects on the photolysis of imidacloprid. Complete degradation of 20 mg/L imidacloprid in aqueous phase was observed in 40 min under ultraviolet(UV) irradiation system, suggesting the ultraviolet ray played significant role in direct photolysis of imidacloprid. The additions of various photo-sensitizers lead to improve the degradation efficiency of imidacloprid under the irradiation of black light fluorescent lamp. TiO 2 was the most efficient in the photo-catalytic degradation of imidacloprid among other photo-sensitizers in used this study. However, addition of acetone inhibited the photolysis of imidacloprid under the irradiation of UV, indicating the occurrence of competition between acetone and imidacloprid for photos. Mineralization of the imidacloprid was examined to clarify the final photochemical degradation products of the insecticide which were CO 2, Cl- and NO- 3. Complete photo-oxidation of nitrogen to NO- 3 occurred very slowly via the intermediate formation of NH+ 4 and NO- 2.
基金supported by the Key Program ofthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.5063206)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Nos.C2-32,C2-50).
文摘To suppress the extension of the photo-sensitive area of a planar-type InGaAs detector, the structure of the detector was modified, and the small-diffusion-area diffusion method, circle-type covering contact and guard-ring were introduced. The laser-beam-induced-current （LBIC） technique was used to study the photo responsive characteristics of the photo-sensitive area of different detector structures. It was indicated that, by modifying the size of the diffusion area, the width of the circle-type covering contact, the distance between the guard-ring and the photo-sensitive area and the working status of the guard-ring, extension of the photo-sensitive area could be effectively suppressed, and the detector photo-sensitive area could be exactly defined.
文摘采用紫外光接枝的方法在含有光敏性基团的聚丙烯腈超滤膜上接枝了N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAAm),提出一种制备温敏型分离膜的新方法。采用红外光谱分析和扫描电子显微镜测试技术证明了改性膜表面及膜孔内部PNIPAAm接枝链的存在。当接枝单体NIPAAm浓度为0.4 mol/L时,接枝率出现最大值,达到4.89%;接枝率随着接枝反应温度和时间的增加而增大,但是较高的反应温度(>35℃)和较长的辐照时间(>15 m in)会减缓接枝率的增加。接枝膜的亲水性随接枝率的增大而明显增加。
