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Preparation of Polysulfone-supported Phosphoramidic Acid Type Chelate Membrane and Its Sorption Properties for Ag^+
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作者 王兵 崔永芳 +1 位作者 杜启云 裴广玲 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2002年第2期49-53,共5页
A blending chelate filter membrane with high chelate capacity for Ag + has been prepared by blending of phosphoramidic acid resin and polysulfone. The major parameters influencing structure of the chelate filter membr... A blending chelate filter membrane with high chelate capacity for Ag + has been prepared by blending of phosphoramidic acid resin and polysulfone. The major parameters influencing structure of the chelate filter membranes such as the blending ratio, phosphoramidic acid resin grain size and temperature of casting solution have been studied. The relationship among the chelate amount of Ag +, pH value, Ag + concentration and phosphoramidic acid resin grain diameter were examined. The chelate filter membrane had a capacity of 1 438 μg/cm 2 for Ag + under appropriate conditions. Sorption isotherm of Ag + could be expressed with the Freundlich sorption model. The dynamic chelate experiments proved that the sorption and desorption of membranes could be realized simultaneously for Ag +. 展开更多
关键词 phosphoramidic ACID resin POLYSULFONE CHELATE filter membrane sorption desorption Ag+
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氨基磷酸树脂载铁性能及其应用 被引量:2
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作者 刘艳萍 刘建 谢丰 《山西建筑》 2006年第1期194-195,共2页
介绍了氨基磷酸树脂载铁实验和除氟实验的材料、仪器及分析方法,并对其实验结果进行了探讨,证明了载铁氨基磷酸树脂能有效除氟且具有选择吸附性,是一种洁净的除氟材料。
关键词 氨基磷酸树脂 除氟量 载铁量
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苯基磷酰胺酸二乙酯的合成及阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫研究 被引量:1
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作者 李飞 窦午红 +1 位作者 赵斌 刘亚青 《工程塑料应用》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2016年第1期110-114,共5页
合成一种新型含P,N的阻燃剂苯基磷酰胺酸二乙酯(DEPAN),通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振等手段表征其分子结构。采用全水自由发泡工艺制备不同DEPAN添加量的阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF),研究DEPAN对RPUF性能的影响。结果表明,DEPAN的添... 合成一种新型含P,N的阻燃剂苯基磷酰胺酸二乙酯(DEPAN),通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振等手段表征其分子结构。采用全水自由发泡工艺制备不同DEPAN添加量的阻燃硬质聚氨酯泡沫(RPUF),研究DEPAN对RPUF性能的影响。结果表明,DEPAN的添加可小幅降低RPUF的压缩强度;阻燃材料的极限氧指数最高能达到24.1%,且能通过水平燃烧测试HF–1级别;微型量热仪测试结果显示,DEPAN的添加显著降低了RPUF的热释放峰值及总热释放。热性能分析及扫描电镜观察等进一步表明阻燃剂DEPAN在降解过程中有效促进了致密稳定连续炭层结构的形成。 展开更多
关键词 硬质聚氨酯泡沫 阻燃 苯基磷酰胺酸二乙酯
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N',N'-二-(2-氯乙基)-O-芳基-N^3-芳基硫脲基磷酰胺酯的合成、结构及性质研究 被引量:53
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作者 陈茹玉 王惠林 周嘉 《高等学校化学学报》 CSCD 北大核心 1995年第8期1229-1232,共4页
合成了14种含有氮芥结构及芳基取代硫脲基的磷酰胺酯,其结构经1HNMR、IR、MS和元素分析证实。研究了它们的波谱性质及结构和化学位移的关系,讨论了磷原子上取代基对反应的影响.初步生测结果表明,部分化合物具有良好的抗... 合成了14种含有氮芥结构及芳基取代硫脲基的磷酰胺酯,其结构经1HNMR、IR、MS和元素分析证实。研究了它们的波谱性质及结构和化学位移的关系,讨论了磷原子上取代基对反应的影响.初步生测结果表明,部分化合物具有良好的抗TMV病毒活性和良好的抗肿瘤活性. 展开更多
关键词 磷酰胺酯 抗病毒 抗肿瘤 氮芥结构 抗TMV
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磷酰胺类阻燃剂的合成及在硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料中的应用 被引量:8
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作者 辛梅华 郑德志 +2 位作者 李明春 吴少惠 杨兴来 《高分子材料科学与工程》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2016年第1期19-24,共6页
以亚磷酸二甲酯、二乙胺、正丁胺、环己胺为原料合成3种磷酰胺类阻燃剂二甲基-N,N-二乙基磷酰胺(DMDEPR)、二甲基-N-丁基膦酰胺(DMBPR)和二甲基-N-环己基磷酰胺(DMCHPR),用红外光谱仪、核磁共振仪、质谱仪和热重分析仪对其进行表征并研... 以亚磷酸二甲酯、二乙胺、正丁胺、环己胺为原料合成3种磷酰胺类阻燃剂二甲基-N,N-二乙基磷酰胺(DMDEPR)、二甲基-N-丁基膦酰胺(DMBPR)和二甲基-N-环己基磷酰胺(DMCHPR),用红外光谱仪、核磁共振仪、质谱仪和热重分析仪对其进行表征并研究了3种不同结构的磷酰胺类阻燃剂对硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料(RPUF)阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,3种磷酰胺类阻燃剂和RPUF相容性较好,对RPUF力学性能影响不大。磷酰胺类阻燃剂的添加均使RPUF的阻燃性能有所提高,其中具有叔酰胺结构的DMDEPR阻燃效果最好,DMDEPR阻燃的RPUF热稳定性最高,添加10phr DMDEPR的RPUF其残炭量从空白RPUF的16.0%上升到25.2%。 展开更多
关键词 磷酰胺 阻燃剂 硬质聚氨酯泡沫
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新型白杨素-7-氨基磷酸酯衍生物的合成与波谱学研究 被引量:7
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作者 陈晓岚 张守仁 +4 位作者 屈凌波 袁金伟 周亚东 柳乃方 赵玉芬 《波谱学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2009年第2期239-246,共8页
以5,7-二羟基黄酮和磷酰化氨基酸酯为原料,利用磷酰化反应将磷酰化氨基酸酯引入到白杨素中,得到了一种新型的白杨素-7-氨基磷酸酯衍生物.通过DEPT、1H-1H COSY、13C-1HHSQC和13C-1H HMBC等2DNMR核磁共振技术对该化合物的1H、13C NMR谱... 以5,7-二羟基黄酮和磷酰化氨基酸酯为原料,利用磷酰化反应将磷酰化氨基酸酯引入到白杨素中,得到了一种新型的白杨素-7-氨基磷酸酯衍生物.通过DEPT、1H-1H COSY、13C-1HHSQC和13C-1H HMBC等2DNMR核磁共振技术对该化合物的1H、13C NMR谱的信号进行了全归属和较详细的解析,并探讨了其ESIMS/MS质谱裂解规律. 展开更多
关键词 核磁共振(NMR) 归属 2D NMR 白杨素 氨基磷酸酯
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N,N-二(2-氯乙基)果糖基磷酰胺酯的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究 被引量:5
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作者 陈茹玉 陈小茹 《高等学校化学学报》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 1993年第7期963-965,共3页
糖基磷酸酯类化合物,特别是葡萄糖基磷酸酯类化合物的合成及其生物活性的研究已有报道。1988年Hayachi等发现葡萄糖基磷酸酯衍生物具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒等生物活性,可用作医用药物。但果糖基磷酰胺酯及其衍生物的合成与抗肿瘤活性尚未见... 糖基磷酸酯类化合物,特别是葡萄糖基磷酸酯类化合物的合成及其生物活性的研究已有报道。1988年Hayachi等发现葡萄糖基磷酸酯衍生物具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒等生物活性,可用作医用药物。但果糖基磷酰胺酯及其衍生物的合成与抗肿瘤活性尚未见文献报道。为研究糖基磷酰胺酯的合成方法并筛选出有抗肿瘤活性的化合物,以期发现新型、高效、低毒。 展开更多
关键词 磷酰胺酯 合成 抗肿瘤活性
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冬凌草甲素衍生物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究 被引量:6
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作者 杨宏静 方应权 +3 位作者 沈庆坤 尚凡凡 全哲山 张训浩 《化学试剂》 CAS 北大核心 2021年第2期147-151,共5页
以冬凌草甲素为原料,丁二酸为连接臂在其C-14位引入氨基磷酸酯及含氮化合物,设计并合成了6个未见文献报道的目标化合物。所有衍生物均经过氢谱、碳谱以及高分辨质谱进行结构确认,并采用噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)对目标化合物进行人结肠癌HCT-11... 以冬凌草甲素为原料,丁二酸为连接臂在其C-14位引入氨基磷酸酯及含氮化合物,设计并合成了6个未见文献报道的目标化合物。所有衍生物均经过氢谱、碳谱以及高分辨质谱进行结构确认,并采用噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)对目标化合物进行人结肠癌HCT-116、人肝癌BEL-7402、人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞系抗癌活性筛选。结果表明,绝大多数化合物表现出较强的抗增殖作用,其中(1S,4aR,5S,6S,6aR,9S,11aS,11bS,14R)-1,5,6-三羟基-4,4-二甲基-8-亚甲基-7-氧代十二氢-1H-6,11b-(环氧甲酰基)-6a,9-甲基环庚[a]萘-14-基4-(((二乙氧基磷酰基)(苯基)甲基)氨基)-4-氧代丁酸酯表现出最强的抗增殖作用,尤其对人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞系的抗增殖活性最好,其IC_(50)值仅为2.73μmol/L,活性提高约4.61倍,具有进一步开发的价值。 展开更多
关键词 冬凌草甲素 合成 抗肿瘤 氨基磷酸酯
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大环手性磷酰胺对氨基酸衍生物的分子识别研究 被引量:2
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作者 杜大明 花文廷 《高等学校化学学报》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2003年第3期442-448,共7页
以 (S) -α-甲基苯乙胺和天然氨基酸 (L-丙氨酸、L-苯甘氨酸及 L-苯丙氨酸 )为手性源 ,以 2 ,5 -二 (邻羟基苯基 ) -1 ,3 ,4 -二唑和 2 ,4 -二 (邻羟基苯基 ) -1 ,3 ,5 -二唑为刚性单元 ,合成了一系列具有光学活性的新型含二唑磷... 以 (S) -α-甲基苯乙胺和天然氨基酸 (L-丙氨酸、L-苯甘氨酸及 L-苯丙氨酸 )为手性源 ,以 2 ,5 -二 (邻羟基苯基 ) -1 ,3 ,4 -二唑和 2 ,4 -二 (邻羟基苯基 ) -1 ,3 ,5 -二唑为刚性单元 ,合成了一系列具有光学活性的新型含二唑磷酰胺和磷酯手性大环化合物 .用 NMR,IR和 FABMS方法研究了所合成的手性大环对氨基酸甲酯盐酸盐和二肽的分子间相互作用和分子识别 .结果表明 ,这些主体对 D-或 展开更多
关键词 大环手性磷酰胺 氨基酸衍生物 分子识别 氢键 分子间相互作用
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Convenient and Efficient Synthesis of L-Rhamnopyranosyl Phosphoramidates via H-Phosphonate 被引量:1
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作者 Qi SUN Qiang XIAO +1 位作者 Yong JU Yu Fen ZHAO 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2003年第7期685-688,共4页
The a-L-rhamnopyranosyl phosphomonoesters conjugated with L-amino acid methyl esters were stereoselectively synthesized in a convenient route by utilizing H-phosphonate intermediate.
关键词 H-PHOSPHONATE L-rhamnose phosphoramidate.
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Antitumor efficacy of multi-target in situ vaccinations with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides,anti-OX40,anti-PD1 antibodies,and aptamers
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作者 Anastasia S.Proskurina Vera S.Ruzanova +11 位作者 Genrikh S.Ritter Yaroslav R.Efremov Zakhar S.Mustafin Sergey A.Lashin Ekaterina A.Burakova Alesya A.Fokina Timofei S.Zatsepin Dmitry A.Stetsenko Olga Y.Leplina Alexandr A.Ostanin Elena R.Chernykh Sergey S.Bogachev 《The Journal of Biomedical Research》 CAS CSCD 2023年第3期194-212,共19页
To overcome immune tolerance to cancer,the immune system needs to be exposed to a multi-target action intervention.Here,we investigated the activating effect of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides(ODNs),mesyl phosphoramidate Cp... To overcome immune tolerance to cancer,the immune system needs to be exposed to a multi-target action intervention.Here,we investigated the activating effect of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides(ODNs),mesyl phosphoramidate CpG ODNs,anti-OX40 antibodies,and OX40 RNA aptamers on major populations of immunocompetent cells ex vivo.Comparative analysis of the antitumor effects of in situ vaccination with CpG ODNs and anti-OX40 antibodies,as well as several other combinations,such as mesyl phosphoramidate CpG ODNs and OX40 RNA aptamers,was conducted.Antibodies against programmed death 1(PD1)checkpoint inhibitors or their corresponding PD1 DNA aptamers were also added to vaccination regimens for analytical purposes.Four scenarios were considered:a weakly immunogenic Krebs-2 carcinoma grafted in CBA mice;a moderately immunogenic Lewis carcinoma grafted in C57Black/6 mice;and an immunogenic A20 B cell lymphoma or an Ehrlich carcinoma grafted in BALB/c mice.Adding anti-PD1 antibodies(CpG+αOX40+αPD1)to in situ vaccinations boosts the antitumor effect.When to be used instead of antibodies,aptamers also possess antitumor activity,although this effect was less pronounced.The strongest effect across all the tumors was observed in highly immunogenic A20 B cell lymphoma and Ehrlich carcinoma. 展开更多
关键词 IMMUNOGENICITY Krebs-2 carcinoma Lewis carcinoma Ehrlich carcinoma A20 B cell lymphoma mesyl phosphoramidate
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Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 5,7-Dimethoxy-2-phenylquinolin-4-yl Phenyloxy (N-L-Alanine ethyl ester) Phosphoramidate 被引量:1
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作者 袁金伟 陈晓岚 +3 位作者 屈凌波 朱玉 黄小莹 赵玉芬 《Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第4期498-502,共5页
5,7-Dimethoxy-2-phenylquinolin-4-yl phenyloxy (N-L-alanine ethyl ester) phosphoramidate (C28H29N2O7P, Mr = 536.17) has been synthesized by a facial phosphorylated reaction, and its structure was determined by IR, ... 5,7-Dimethoxy-2-phenylquinolin-4-yl phenyloxy (N-L-alanine ethyl ester) phosphoramidate (C28H29N2O7P, Mr = 536.17) has been synthesized by a facial phosphorylated reaction, and its structure was determined by IR, NMR, HR MS and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The crystal belongs to triclinic, space group P1^-, with a = 11.375(2), b = 11.591(2), c = 11.638(2) A^°, α= 109.46(3), β= 104.58(3), γ= 100.48(3)°, V = 1339.6(5)A^°^3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.330 g/cm^3,μ = 0.152 mm^-1, F(000) = 564, the final R = 0.0654 and wR = 0.1546. In the crystal structure, the title compound is constructed by a centrosymmetric dimmer unit composed of a pair of π-π stacking diastereoisomers. The compound has a noteworthy feature in the framework, and such units are linked by two equal intermolecular P=O…H-N hydrogen bonds. 展开更多
关键词 SYNTHESIS 2-phenylquinolone phosphoramidATE crystal structure π-π stacking
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亚磷酸酯的特性及其应用 被引量:2
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作者 赵玉芬 尹应武 +2 位作者 吉改姣 马晓波 陈益 《清华大学学报(自然科学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 1992年第6期75-85,共11页
本文总结了研究组数年来对亚磷酸酯研究的成果,内容包括亚磷酸酯的制法,互变异构平衡,反应活性与反应选择性以及31P-NNRδ规律,报导了亚磷酸酯在氨基的保护,羧基的活化,小肽的合成等诸多方面应用的新进展。
关键词 亚磷酸酯 磷酰胺 磷酸酯
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Characteristic Fragmentation Behavior of Steroidal Phosphoramidate Conjugates in Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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作者 纪三郝 巨勇 +1 位作者 肖强 赵玉芬 《Chinese Journal of Chemistry》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2006年第7期943-949,共7页
Novel steroidal phosphoramidate conjugates of 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) and amino acid esters were synthesized and determined by positive and negative ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Th... Novel steroidal phosphoramidate conjugates of 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) and amino acid esters were synthesized and determined by positive and negative ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The MS fragmentation behaviors of the steroidal phosphoramidate conjugates have been investigated in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry of ESI-MS/MS. There were three characteristic fragment ions in the positive ion ESI mass spectra, which were the Na adduct ions with loss of steroidal moiety, amino acid ester moiety from pseudo molecular ion (M+Na)^+, and the phosphoamino acid methyl ester Na adduct ion by α-cleavage of the phosphora- midate respectively. The main fragment ions in negative ion ESI mass spectra were the ion (M-HN3)^-, the ion (M - AZT- H)^-, and the ion (M-steroidal moiety-H)^- besides the pseudo molecular ion (M-H)^-. The fragmentation patterns did not depend on the attached amino acid ester moiety. 展开更多
关键词 steroidal conjugate phosphoramidATE 3'-azido-2' 3'-deoxythymidine amino acid ester
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Chiral N-phosphonyl imine chemistry:asymmetric additions of glycine enolate to diphenyl diamine-based phosphonyl imines
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作者 PINDI Suresh KATTAMURI Padmanabha V. 《Science China Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS 2010年第1期125-129,共5页
Diphenyl diamine-based phosphonyl imines attached by the N-isopropyl group in the auxiliary have been synthesized in good yields under convenient reaction conditions.These new chiral N-phosphonyl imines can react with... Diphenyl diamine-based phosphonyl imines attached by the N-isopropyl group in the auxiliary have been synthesized in good yields under convenient reaction conditions.These new chiral N-phosphonyl imines can react with glycine enolate smoothly to give chiral α-β diamino esters in good yields(72%-90%) and up to excellent diastereoselectivity(】99:1 dr).By treatment with HBr,the chiral auxiliary can be readily removed.The absolute structure has been unambiguously determined by converting a product to a known sample. 展开更多
关键词 CHIRAL N-phosphonyl IMINE CHIRAL phosphoramidE GLYCINE ENOLATE α-β diamino ester
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One-Pot Synthesis of Pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles by Chiral N-Triflyl Phosphoramide Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of 4,7-Dihydroindole with ②, y-Unsaturated a-Keto Esters
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作者 曾蜜 张玮 游书力 《Chinese Journal of Chemistry》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第11期2615-2623,共9页
Chiral N-triflyl phosphoramide was found an efficient catalyst for the enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of 4,7-dihydroindole with β, γ-unsaturated a-keto esters. In the presence of 5 tool% of the ... Chiral N-triflyl phosphoramide was found an efficient catalyst for the enantioselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction of 4,7-dihydroindole with β, γ-unsaturated a-keto esters. In the presence of 5 tool% of the optimized catalyst, various pyrrolo[1,2-a]indoles were obtained in excellent enantioselectivity, moderate yields and up to 3 : 1 di- astereoselectivity based on the one-pot synthesis including the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction and the subsequent p-benzoquinone oxidation. 展开更多
关键词 N-triflyl phosphoramide Friedel-Crafls ENANTIOSELECTIVE 4 7-dihydroindole one-pot synthesis
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A Green Synthesis of Diisopropyl Phosphoryl Amino Acid
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作者 Xiao Bin +4 位作者 SUN Yu Ping FENG 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2003年第2期121-124,共4页
In this paper, we report that diisopropyl phosphoryl amino acid could be prepared with reasonable yields under solvent-free condition by adding amino acid to the mixture of diisopropyl phosphite and N-chlorodiisopropy... In this paper, we report that diisopropyl phosphoryl amino acid could be prepared with reasonable yields under solvent-free condition by adding amino acid to the mixture of diisopropyl phosphite and N-chlorodiisopropylamine. 展开更多
关键词 phosphoramidATES amino acids N-chlorodiisopropylamine phosphorylation.
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Synthesis and Chiral Separation of Dinucleotide(TpAZT) Phosphoramidates
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作者 ChangXueLIN HuaFU +1 位作者 GuangZhongTU YuFenZHAO 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2003年第8期779-782,共4页
Dinucleotide (TpAZT) phosphoramidates were synthesized by Todd reaction of dinucleoside H-phosphonates and amino acid methyl esters, and their diastereomers (Rp and Sp) were separated by crystallization, and the resul... Dinucleotide (TpAZT) phosphoramidates were synthesized by Todd reaction of dinucleoside H-phosphonates and amino acid methyl esters, and their diastereomers (Rp and Sp) were separated by crystallization, and the results showed that natural and cheap methyl esters of alanine and phenylalanine can be used for large-scale synthesis of dinucleotide analogs. 展开更多
关键词 Dinucleotide phosphoramidate chiral auxiliary chiral separation.
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Syntheses and molecular self-assembly of chiral phosphorami-dates
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作者 杜大明 花文廷 +1 位作者 王建武 金祥林 《Chinese Journal of Chemistry》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2000年第5期764-769,共6页
Two chiral phosporamidates, (R)-(–)-1, 1′-binaphthyl-2, 2′dihydroxy-N- [α-(S)-methylbenzyl] phosphoramidate and (–)-1,1′-biphenyl-2,2′-dihydroxy-N-[α-(S)-methylbenzyl]-phosphoramidate were synthesized. Their c... Two chiral phosporamidates, (R)-(–)-1, 1′-binaphthyl-2, 2′dihydroxy-N- [α-(S)-methylbenzyl] phosphoramidate and (–)-1,1′-biphenyl-2,2′-dihydroxy-N-[α-(S)-methylbenzyl]-phosphoramidate were synthesized. Their crystal structures were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The phosphoramidate molecules are self-associated by intermolecular NH ···O = P hydrogen bonds and aromatic edge to face interactions. 展开更多
关键词 phosphoramidATE hydrogen bond crystal structure
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尿苷5′-位磷酰胺的合成及电喷雾电离质谱研究 被引量:2
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作者 陈晓岚 段春建 +3 位作者 李志 刘若雨 屈凌波 赵玉芬 《分析测试学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2008年第8期839-843,共5页
以三氯氧磷为磷酰化试剂,与尿嘧啶核苷反应,将所得中间产物尿苷磷酰二氯进行胺解,生成具有抗病毒活性的尿苷磷酰胺化合物,目标化合物结构通过核磁确认,并用电喷雾电离串联质谱(ESIMS/MS)仪检测产物,研究了此类化合物的质谱裂解规律,发现... 以三氯氧磷为磷酰化试剂,与尿嘧啶核苷反应,将所得中间产物尿苷磷酰二氯进行胺解,生成具有抗病毒活性的尿苷磷酰胺化合物,目标化合物结构通过核磁确认,并用电喷雾电离串联质谱(ESIMS/MS)仪检测产物,研究了此类化合物的质谱裂解规律,发现了1个类似环磷腺苷的环状裂解碎片,该结果得到密度泛函理论的支持,对尿苷含磷衍生物质谱裂解数据库是一个重要的补充。 展开更多
关键词 尿苷 磷酰胺 电喷雾电离质谱 裂解
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