采用FAO推荐的储粮害虫磷化氢抗药性测定方法,测定了2014年采自中国5个省9个地区(单位)谷蠹Rhyzopertha dominica(Fabricius)的磷化氢抗药性,并采用100、200、300、400、500m L/m3的磷化氢浓度,测试了害虫在不同时间的死亡率及其完全致...采用FAO推荐的储粮害虫磷化氢抗药性测定方法,测定了2014年采自中国5个省9个地区(单位)谷蠹Rhyzopertha dominica(Fabricius)的磷化氢抗药性,并采用100、200、300、400、500m L/m3的磷化氢浓度,测试了害虫在不同时间的死亡率及其完全致死时间。试验结果为:来自广州市番禺区的谷蠹GZPYRd品系抗性系数为1;来自广州市东山区、福建省龙岩市、福建省漳州市、广州市花都区的GZDSRd、FJLYRd、FJZZRd和GZHDRd谷蠹磷化氢抗性系数(Rf)均小于50;来自河南省南阳市(HNNNRd)、山东省济南市(SDJNRd)、广西自治区南宁市(GXNNRd)和广州省岭南集团(GZLNRd)的谷蠹Rf分别为173.8、163.4、138.9和114.3倍,表现出了较强的磷化氢抗性。在100 m L/m3磷化氢浓度下,完全致死Rf为163.4的SDJNRd、Rf为114.3的GZLNRd和Rf为38的GZDSRd品系的相应时间为9.5 d、9 d和7.5 d;在磷化氢浓度为200 m L/m3时,完全致死SDJNRd、GZLNRd和GZDSRd品系害虫的时间均为5.5 d,浓度增加1倍,完全致死时间缩短近50%。磷化氢浓度在300 m L/m3以上,完全致死害虫的时间对于SDJNRd、GZLNRd和GZDSRd品系相应为4.5 d、4.5 d和4 d以内。结果表明,来自不同地区的谷蠹品系对磷化氢的抗性存在明显差异,即使在同一地区不同地点或单位采集的谷蠹对磷化氢的抗性差异也很大。100 m L/m3的浓度均可以完全致死弱抗性和较强抗性的谷蠹害虫种群,只是完全致死较强抗性谷蠹需要的熏蒸时间较长。磷化氢浓度升高可以缩短完全致死害虫的时间,但完全致死害虫时间与浓度的升高不成比例地相应缩短。不同磷化氢浓度完全致死同一谷蠹品系的Ct值不是一个固定数值,低浓度磷化氢完全致死害虫所需Ct值小,高浓度时完全致死害虫所需要Ct值大。展开更多
Matrix-bound phosphine was determined in the Jiaozhou Bay coastal sediment, in prawn-pond bottom soil, in the eutrophic lake Wulongtan, in the sewage sludge and in paddy soil as well. Results showed that matrix-bound ...Matrix-bound phosphine was determined in the Jiaozhou Bay coastal sediment, in prawn-pond bottom soil, in the eutrophic lake Wulongtan, in the sewage sludge and in paddy soil as well. Results showed that matrix-bound phosphine levels in freshwater and coastal sediment, as well as in sewage sludge, are significantly higher than that in paddy soil. The correlation between matrix bound phosphine concentrations and organic phosphorus contents in sediment samples is discussed.展开更多
Phoshpine (PH3), a volatile and toxic gas, has been proved to commonly exist in the environment.The determination of gaseous phosphine and its emission fluxes in Ny-lesund is reported in this paper.Results showed that...Phoshpine (PH3), a volatile and toxic gas, has been proved to commonly exist in the environment.The determination of gaseous phosphine and its emission fluxes in Ny-lesund is reported in this paper.Results showed that gaseous phosphine exist in Arctic atmosphere commonly and the concentration of phosphine ranged from 16.3-600.2 ng/m3, with the maximum concentration of phosphine in tundra areas and the minimum in surface air of ocean.The concentration of phosphine ranged from 65.79-1259 ng/m3 in colliery atmosphere at different altitudes and the maximum was found in the center of colliery.Emission fluxes of phosphine were different in various Arctic areas.Emission fluxes of phosphine from protected areas, with average concentration of 32.13±5.353 ng m–2 h–1, were higher than from other areas.And the flux of phosphine from ocean was lower.展开更多
[Objeetive] The paper was to investigate the resistance of Tribolium castaneum to phosphine in Hainan Province. [Method] Using the measurement method of phosphine resistance of stored grain pests recommended by FAO, t...[Objeetive] The paper was to investigate the resistance of Tribolium castaneum to phosphine in Hainan Province. [Method] Using the measurement method of phosphine resistance of stored grain pests recommended by FAO, the phosphine resistance of eight strains of T. castaneum adults in Hainan Province was determined. [Result] The resistance coefficients of different strains of ？7. castaneum against phosphine ranged from 612 to 1 045, and all strains reached extremely high resistance level （Rf〉 160）. When the concentration of phosphine was 200 mL/m^3, Rf612, Rf826.4 and Rfl 045 strains had complete lethal time of 8, 9 and 11 d, respectively. [Condusion] T. castarveum in Hainan Province had very strong resistance to phosphine, and the operation scheme of low concentration and long duration should be adopted in elimination of T. castaneum.展开更多
文摘采用FAO推荐的储粮害虫磷化氢抗药性测定方法,测定了2014年采自中国5个省9个地区(单位)谷蠹Rhyzopertha dominica(Fabricius)的磷化氢抗药性,并采用100、200、300、400、500m L/m3的磷化氢浓度,测试了害虫在不同时间的死亡率及其完全致死时间。试验结果为:来自广州市番禺区的谷蠹GZPYRd品系抗性系数为1;来自广州市东山区、福建省龙岩市、福建省漳州市、广州市花都区的GZDSRd、FJLYRd、FJZZRd和GZHDRd谷蠹磷化氢抗性系数(Rf)均小于50;来自河南省南阳市(HNNNRd)、山东省济南市(SDJNRd)、广西自治区南宁市(GXNNRd)和广州省岭南集团(GZLNRd)的谷蠹Rf分别为173.8、163.4、138.9和114.3倍,表现出了较强的磷化氢抗性。在100 m L/m3磷化氢浓度下,完全致死Rf为163.4的SDJNRd、Rf为114.3的GZLNRd和Rf为38的GZDSRd品系的相应时间为9.5 d、9 d和7.5 d;在磷化氢浓度为200 m L/m3时,完全致死SDJNRd、GZLNRd和GZDSRd品系害虫的时间均为5.5 d,浓度增加1倍,完全致死时间缩短近50%。磷化氢浓度在300 m L/m3以上,完全致死害虫的时间对于SDJNRd、GZLNRd和GZDSRd品系相应为4.5 d、4.5 d和4 d以内。结果表明,来自不同地区的谷蠹品系对磷化氢的抗性存在明显差异,即使在同一地区不同地点或单位采集的谷蠹对磷化氢的抗性差异也很大。100 m L/m3的浓度均可以完全致死弱抗性和较强抗性的谷蠹害虫种群,只是完全致死较强抗性谷蠹需要的熏蒸时间较长。磷化氢浓度升高可以缩短完全致死害虫的时间,但完全致死害虫时间与浓度的升高不成比例地相应缩短。不同磷化氢浓度完全致死同一谷蠹品系的Ct值不是一个固定数值,低浓度磷化氢完全致死害虫所需Ct值小,高浓度时完全致死害虫所需要Ct值大。
文摘Matrix-bound phosphine was determined in the Jiaozhou Bay coastal sediment, in prawn-pond bottom soil, in the eutrophic lake Wulongtan, in the sewage sludge and in paddy soil as well. Results showed that matrix-bound phosphine levels in freshwater and coastal sediment, as well as in sewage sludge, are significantly higher than that in paddy soil. The correlation between matrix bound phosphine concentrations and organic phosphorus contents in sediment samples is discussed.
基金supported by the China Polar Science Strategic Fund (20070214)the Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse (PCRRF08016)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20607009 and 20875047)
文摘Phoshpine (PH3), a volatile and toxic gas, has been proved to commonly exist in the environment.The determination of gaseous phosphine and its emission fluxes in Ny-lesund is reported in this paper.Results showed that gaseous phosphine exist in Arctic atmosphere commonly and the concentration of phosphine ranged from 16.3-600.2 ng/m3, with the maximum concentration of phosphine in tundra areas and the minimum in surface air of ocean.The concentration of phosphine ranged from 65.79-1259 ng/m3 in colliery atmosphere at different altitudes and the maximum was found in the center of colliery.Emission fluxes of phosphine were different in various Arctic areas.Emission fluxes of phosphine from protected areas, with average concentration of 32.13±5.353 ng m–2 h–1, were higher than from other areas.And the flux of phosphine from ocean was lower.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Technology Development of Research Institutes in Hainan Province(SQ2014KXSY0068)
文摘[Objeetive] The paper was to investigate the resistance of Tribolium castaneum to phosphine in Hainan Province. [Method] Using the measurement method of phosphine resistance of stored grain pests recommended by FAO, the phosphine resistance of eight strains of T. castaneum adults in Hainan Province was determined. [Result] The resistance coefficients of different strains of ？7. castaneum against phosphine ranged from 612 to 1 045, and all strains reached extremely high resistance level （Rf〉 160）. When the concentration of phosphine was 200 mL/m^3, Rf612, Rf826.4 and Rfl 045 strains had complete lethal time of 8, 9 and 11 d, respectively. [Condusion] T. castarveum in Hainan Province had very strong resistance to phosphine, and the operation scheme of low concentration and long duration should be adopted in elimination of T. castaneum.
