Chromatic acclimation （CA） provides many cyanobacteria with the ability to tailor the properties of their light-harvesting antennae to the spectral distribution of ambient light. CA was originally discovered as a re...Chromatic acclimation （CA） provides many cyanobacteria with the ability to tailor the properties of their light-harvesting antennae to the spectral distribution of ambient light. CA was originally discovered as a result of its dramatic cellular phenotype in red and green light. However, discoveries over the past decade have revealed that many pairs of light colors, ranging from blue to infrared, can trigger CA responses. The capacity to undergo CA is widespread geographically, occurs in most habitats around the world, and is found within all major cyanobacterial groups. In addition, many other cellular activities have been found to be under CA control, resulting in distinct physiological and morphological states for cells under different light-color conditions. Several types of CA appear to be the result of convergent evolution, where different strategies are used to achieve the final goal of optimizing light-harvesting antenna composition to maximize photon capture. The regulation of CA has been found to occur primarily at the level of RNA abundance. The CA-regulatory pathways uncovered thus far are two-component systems that use phytochrome-class photoreceptors with sensor-kinase domains to control response regulators that function as transcription factors. However, there is also at least one CA- regulatory pathway that operates at the post-transcriptional level. It is becoming increasingly clear that large numbers of cyanobacterial species have the capacity to acclimate to a wide variety of light colors through the use of a range of different CA processes.展开更多
The domestic dog,as a highly successful domestication model,is well known as a favored human companion.Exploring its domestication history should provide great insight into our understanding of the prehistoric develop...The domestic dog,as a highly successful domestication model,is well known as a favored human companion.Exploring its domestication history should provide great insight into our understanding of the prehistoric development of human culture and productivity.Furthermore,investigation on the mechanisms underpinning the morphological and behavioral traits associated with canid domestication syndrome is of significance not only for scientific study but also for human medical research.Current development of a multidisciplinary canine genome database,which includes enormous omics data,has substantially improved our understanding of the genetic makeup of dogs.Here,we reviewed recent advances associated with the original history and genetic basis underlying environmental adaptations and phenotypic diversities in domestic dogs,which should provide perspectives on improving the communicative relationship between dogs and humans.展开更多
Adaptations to extreme environmental conditions are intriguing. Animal skin, which directly interacts with external environment, plays diverse and important roles in adaptive evolution. The thin and bare skin of amphi...Adaptations to extreme environmental conditions are intriguing. Animal skin, which directly interacts with external environment, plays diverse and important roles in adaptive evolution. The thin and bare skin of amphibians is sensitive to external environmental conditions and, thus, it facilitates investigations into adaptations for living in extreme environments. Herein, we compare the structures of skin in four anuran species living at elevations ranging from 100 m to 4500 m to assess phenotypic innovations in the skin of Nanorana parkeri, which lives at extremely high elevations. Analyses reveal similar basic skin structures, but N. parkeri differs from the other species by having more epidermal capillaries and granular glands, which correlate highly with responses to hypoxia and/or ultraviolet(UV) radiation. Further intraspecific comparisons from frogs taken at ~4500 m and ~2900 m reveal that all of the changes are fixed. Changes occurring only in the higher elevation population, such as possessing more skin pigments, may represent local adaptations to coldness and/or UV radiation. These results provide a morphological basis for understanding further the molecular adaptations of these frogs.展开更多
With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dr.Huang Guanghua’s laboratory at the State Key Laboratory of Mycology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academ...With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dr.Huang Guanghua’s laboratory at the State Key Laboratory of Mycology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,reported a novel morphological phenotype,referred to as the"gray"phenotype,and a tristable phenotypic switching system in the human fungal pathogen C.albicans.This展开更多
文摘Chromatic acclimation （CA） provides many cyanobacteria with the ability to tailor the properties of their light-harvesting antennae to the spectral distribution of ambient light. CA was originally discovered as a result of its dramatic cellular phenotype in red and green light. However, discoveries over the past decade have revealed that many pairs of light colors, ranging from blue to infrared, can trigger CA responses. The capacity to undergo CA is widespread geographically, occurs in most habitats around the world, and is found within all major cyanobacterial groups. In addition, many other cellular activities have been found to be under CA control, resulting in distinct physiological and morphological states for cells under different light-color conditions. Several types of CA appear to be the result of convergent evolution, where different strategies are used to achieve the final goal of optimizing light-harvesting antenna composition to maximize photon capture. The regulation of CA has been found to occur primarily at the level of RNA abundance. The CA-regulatory pathways uncovered thus far are two-component systems that use phytochrome-class photoreceptors with sensor-kinase domains to control response regulators that function as transcription factors. However, there is also at least one CA- regulatory pathway that operates at the post-transcriptional level. It is becoming increasingly clear that large numbers of cyanobacterial species have the capacity to acclimate to a wide variety of light colors through the use of a range of different CA processes.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFF0704500,2021YFF0703701,and 2022YFC3400405)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB38040300)+4 种基金the 14th Five-year Informatization Plan of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CASWX2021SF-0203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91940306,31871294,31970647,81902519,and 32200478)the Special Investigation on Science and Technology Basic Resources of the MOST,China(2019FY100102)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M713311)the National Genomics Data Center,China。
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)Program(2019QZKK0501)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA2004010302)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860305)supported by the Young Academic and Technical Leader Raising Foundation of Yunnan Province。
文摘The domestic dog,as a highly successful domestication model,is well known as a favored human companion.Exploring its domestication history should provide great insight into our understanding of the prehistoric development of human culture and productivity.Furthermore,investigation on the mechanisms underpinning the morphological and behavioral traits associated with canid domestication syndrome is of significance not only for scientific study but also for human medical research.Current development of a multidisciplinary canine genome database,which includes enormous omics data,has substantially improved our understanding of the genetic makeup of dogs.Here,we reviewed recent advances associated with the original history and genetic basis underlying environmental adaptations and phenotypic diversities in domestic dogs,which should provide perspectives on improving the communicative relationship between dogs and humans.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant (31671326 and 31871275)supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association, Chinese Academy of Science, China
文摘Adaptations to extreme environmental conditions are intriguing. Animal skin, which directly interacts with external environment, plays diverse and important roles in adaptive evolution. The thin and bare skin of amphibians is sensitive to external environmental conditions and, thus, it facilitates investigations into adaptations for living in extreme environments. Herein, we compare the structures of skin in four anuran species living at elevations ranging from 100 m to 4500 m to assess phenotypic innovations in the skin of Nanorana parkeri, which lives at extremely high elevations. Analyses reveal similar basic skin structures, but N. parkeri differs from the other species by having more epidermal capillaries and granular glands, which correlate highly with responses to hypoxia and/or ultraviolet(UV) radiation. Further intraspecific comparisons from frogs taken at ~4500 m and ~2900 m reveal that all of the changes are fixed. Changes occurring only in the higher elevation population, such as possessing more skin pigments, may represent local adaptations to coldness and/or UV radiation. These results provide a morphological basis for understanding further the molecular adaptations of these frogs.
文摘With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Dr.Huang Guanghua’s laboratory at the State Key Laboratory of Mycology,Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,reported a novel morphological phenotype,referred to as the"gray"phenotype,and a tristable phenotypic switching system in the human fungal pathogen C.albicans.This
