Ciliated protists represent one of the most primitive and diverse lineages of eukaryotes,with nuclear dimorphism,a distinctive sexual process(conjugation),and extensive genome rearrangements.Among divergent ciliate li...Ciliated protists represent one of the most primitive and diverse lineages of eukaryotes,with nuclear dimorphism,a distinctive sexual process(conjugation),and extensive genome rearrangements.Among divergent ciliate lineages,the peritrich order Sessilida includes members with a colonial lifestyle,which may hint to an independent evolutionary attempt for multicellularity,although they are still single-celled organisms.To date,the evolution and phylogeny of this group are still far from clear,in part due to the paucity of molecular and/or morphological data for many taxa.In this study,we extend taxon sampling of a loricate group of sessilids by obtaining 69 new r DNA(SSU r DNA,ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2,and LSU r DNA)sequences from 20 wellcharacterized representative species and analyze the phylogenetic relationships within Sessilida.The main findings are:(i)the genera Rhabdostyla and Campanella each represents a unique taxon at family level,supporting the establishment of two new families,i.e.,Rhabdostylidae n.fam.and Campanellidae n.fam.,respectively,the former being sister to a morphologically heterogeneous clade comprising Astylozoidae and several incertae sedis species and the latter occupying the basal position within the Sessilida clade;(ii)the structure of infundibular polykinety 3 is likely to be a phylogenetically informative character for resolving evolutionary relationships among sessilids;(iii)differences between sparsely and the densely arranged silverline systems could be a suprageneric taxonomic character;(iv)the monophyly of Vaginicolidae is confirmed,which is consistent with its specialized morphology,i.e.,the possession of a typical peritrich lorica which might be an apomorphy for this group;(v)within Vaginicolidae,the monotypic Cothurniopsis sensu Stokes,1893 is a synonym of Cothurnia Ehrenberg,1831,and a new combination is created,i.e.,Cothurnia valvata nov.comb.;(vi)Vaginicola sensu lato comprises at least two distinctly divergent clades,one affiliated with Thuricola and the other with a systematicall展开更多
涉及近年来采集自青岛沿海的自由生聚缩虫属纤毛虫14种,包括9个国内新纪录:交替聚缩虫Zoothamnium alternans Claparède & Lachmann,1859,弗氏聚缩虫Z.foissneri Ji et al.,2005,黑凯聚缩虫Z.hiketes Precht,1935,海洋聚缩虫Z....涉及近年来采集自青岛沿海的自由生聚缩虫属纤毛虫14种,包括9个国内新纪录:交替聚缩虫Zoothamnium alternans Claparède & Lachmann,1859,弗氏聚缩虫Z.foissneri Ji et al.,2005,黑凯聚缩虫Z.hiketes Precht,1935,海洋聚缩虫Z.marinum Mereschkowski,1879,霉聚缩虫Z.mocedo Entz,1884,倪氏聚缩虫Z.nii Ji et al.,2005,拟树状聚缩虫Z.pararbuscula Ji et al.,2005,王氏聚缩虫Z.wangi Ji et al.,2005,许氏聚缩虫Z.xuianum Sunetal.,2005;以及其他5个已知种:群栖聚缩虫Z.commune Kahl,1933,双缘聚缩虫Z.duplicatum Kahl,1933,巨大聚缩虫Z.maximum Song,1986,羽状聚缩虫Z.plumula Kahl,1933,中国聚缩虫Z.sinense Song,1991。对以上各种作了简要的综合性描述,并给出了种检索表。展开更多
基金supported by the Laoshan Laboratory(LSKJ202203201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32030015,41976086,32270558,32111530116)+2 种基金Young Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province(tsqn202103037)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(202141007)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M703037)。
文摘Ciliated protists represent one of the most primitive and diverse lineages of eukaryotes,with nuclear dimorphism,a distinctive sexual process(conjugation),and extensive genome rearrangements.Among divergent ciliate lineages,the peritrich order Sessilida includes members with a colonial lifestyle,which may hint to an independent evolutionary attempt for multicellularity,although they are still single-celled organisms.To date,the evolution and phylogeny of this group are still far from clear,in part due to the paucity of molecular and/or morphological data for many taxa.In this study,we extend taxon sampling of a loricate group of sessilids by obtaining 69 new r DNA(SSU r DNA,ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2,and LSU r DNA)sequences from 20 wellcharacterized representative species and analyze the phylogenetic relationships within Sessilida.The main findings are:(i)the genera Rhabdostyla and Campanella each represents a unique taxon at family level,supporting the establishment of two new families,i.e.,Rhabdostylidae n.fam.and Campanellidae n.fam.,respectively,the former being sister to a morphologically heterogeneous clade comprising Astylozoidae and several incertae sedis species and the latter occupying the basal position within the Sessilida clade;(ii)the structure of infundibular polykinety 3 is likely to be a phylogenetically informative character for resolving evolutionary relationships among sessilids;(iii)differences between sparsely and the densely arranged silverline systems could be a suprageneric taxonomic character;(iv)the monophyly of Vaginicolidae is confirmed,which is consistent with its specialized morphology,i.e.,the possession of a typical peritrich lorica which might be an apomorphy for this group;(v)within Vaginicolidae,the monotypic Cothurniopsis sensu Stokes,1893 is a synonym of Cothurnia Ehrenberg,1831,and a new combination is created,i.e.,Cothurnia valvata nov.comb.;(vi)Vaginicola sensu lato comprises at least two distinctly divergent clades,one affiliated with Thuricola and the other with a systematicall
文摘涉及近年来采集自青岛沿海的自由生聚缩虫属纤毛虫14种,包括9个国内新纪录:交替聚缩虫Zoothamnium alternans Claparède & Lachmann,1859,弗氏聚缩虫Z.foissneri Ji et al.,2005,黑凯聚缩虫Z.hiketes Precht,1935,海洋聚缩虫Z.marinum Mereschkowski,1879,霉聚缩虫Z.mocedo Entz,1884,倪氏聚缩虫Z.nii Ji et al.,2005,拟树状聚缩虫Z.pararbuscula Ji et al.,2005,王氏聚缩虫Z.wangi Ji et al.,2005,许氏聚缩虫Z.xuianum Sunetal.,2005;以及其他5个已知种:群栖聚缩虫Z.commune Kahl,1933,双缘聚缩虫Z.duplicatum Kahl,1933,巨大聚缩虫Z.maximum Song,1986,羽状聚缩虫Z.plumula Kahl,1933,中国聚缩虫Z.sinense Song,1991。对以上各种作了简要的综合性描述,并给出了种检索表。
