Potato is the fifth largest agricultural crop in Canada and contributes to the generation of an abundant amount of potato peel.However,disposal/recycling this peel remains a challenge due to the stringent environmenta...Potato is the fifth largest agricultural crop in Canada and contributes to the generation of an abundant amount of potato peel.However,disposal/recycling this peel remains a challenge due to the stringent environmental regulations.Consequently,there is a lack of an appropriate recycling and valorization methods of potato peel.Gasification is an effective technology for producing syngas and an ecofriendly waste disposal approach.Syngas is an important industrial intermediate to produce synthetic fuels and chemicals.To develop an ecofriendly and cost-effective valorization approach for potato peel,this study used a mixture of woody biomass(i.e.,wood chips)and potato peel to produce syngas by co-gasification using O_(2) as the gasifying agent at a constant equivalence ratio of 0.3 using Aspen Plus simulation software.The influences of gasification temperature and wood chip/potato peel weight ratio on the carbon conversion efficiency(CCE),and product gas composition(molar fraction)and lower heating value(LHV)of product gas were investigated.This simulation indicated that a positive synergistic interaction occurs between wood chips and potato peel in co-gasification process in terms of an increase in CCE by comparing the arithmetic value and real value at all simulated wood chip to potato peel weight ratios(44.9%to 85.8%,46.5%to 76.2%,and 48.1%to 78.6%at ratios of 25:75,50:50,and 75:25,respectively,for wood chips to potato peel).While the molar fraction of H_(2) and CO decreased continuously with increase in the weight percentage of wood chips in the wood chip-potato peel mixture from 0 wt%to 100 wt%(H_(2),at 42.1 mol%to 41.4 mol%;and CO at 44.0 mol%to 40.4 mol%),accompanied by a decrease of the LHV of the product gas(10.3 to 9.78 MJ·Nm^(−3)).The study concluded that co-gasification for producing syngas is feasible and environmental-friendly option to recycle and valorize potato peel.展开更多
The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of inclusion of dragon fruit peel pellet(DFPP) and dietary non-protein nitrogen (NPN) on nutrients digestibility, rumen fermentation efficiency,plasma an...The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of inclusion of dragon fruit peel pellet(DFPP) and dietary non-protein nitrogen (NPN) on nutrients digestibility, rumen fermentation efficiency,plasma antioxidant activity, microbial protein synthesis, milk yield and composition in lactatingHolstein-Friesian crossbred cows. Four animals were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments accordingto a 2 ×2 factorial arrangement in 4 ×4 Latin square design. The treatments were as follows: 300 g DMof DFPP t100 g of urea (T1), 300 g DM of DFPP t 200 g of urea (T2), 400 g DM of DFPP t 100 g of urea(T3), and 400 g DM of DFPP t 200 g of urea (T4), respectively. The results showed that intake of ricestraw was increased (P < 0.01) by the DFPP addition. Including DFPP and urea did not affect (P > 0.05) theNDF and ADF digestibilities, but increased the apparent digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, andcrude protein (P < 0.01). Rumen fermentation process, especially the propionate concentration, wassignificantly increased by the DFPP levels. The plasma antioxidant activity was increased (P > 0.05) withthe addition of DFPP. The DFPP improved (P < 0.01) microbial protein synthesis. The supplementation ofDFPP and urea increased (P < 0.05) milk fat, whereas milk yield and 3.5% fat corrected milk were onlyincreased (P < 0.05) by the DFPP supplementation. Based on these results, addition of DFPP at 400 g/animal per day with urea at 100 g/animal per day improved rumen fermentation, plasma antioxidantactivity, milk yield and milk fat percentage.展开更多
The recovery of pectin from citrus peel waste for application in the food,nutraceutical,pharmaceutical,and medical industries has attracted much interest.It has been postulated that the presence of polyphenols,sometim...The recovery of pectin from citrus peel waste for application in the food,nutraceutical,pharmaceutical,and medical industries has attracted much interest.It has been postulated that the presence of polyphenols,sometimes regarded as an impurity,in extracted pectin might confer enhanced biological property.This research study aimed at investigating the physicochemical and biological properties(antioxidant,enzyme inhibitory,and cytotoxic properties)of pectin extracted from the alcohol insoluble residues of the peel waste of grapefruit,lime,and lemon as well as the pectin recovered from untreated peel waste.The rheological behavior of the pectin samples was also evaluated.High methoxyl pectin with galacturonic acid content greater that 60%was recovered from the different raw materials.Pectin obtained from untreated material possessed high phenolic content(19.83-5.94 mg gallic acid equivalent/g sample)and showed higher antioxidant activity.Inhibition against pancreatic cholesterol esterase,pancreatic lipase,andα-glucosidase was observed and pectin enriched with polyphenol showed higher activity.Addition of pectin samples to healthy Vero cells enhanced proliferation and did not show cytotoxic effect.Pectin solutions extracted from untreated lime and untreated grapefruit presented highest viscosity and elastic modulus,which were comparable to those obtained for commercial high-methoxyl pectin.Pectin extracted from lime,lemon,and grapefruit peels possessed interesting biological and viscoelastic properties,which can be exploited for development of novel bioproducts.展开更多
Banana peel is appreciated for higher dietary fiber, phenolics, flavonoid contents, and minerals (particularly iron, calcium, and potassium), despite being a waste product. After drying, it can be processed into powde...Banana peel is appreciated for higher dietary fiber, phenolics, flavonoid contents, and minerals (particularly iron, calcium, and potassium), despite being a waste product. After drying, it can be processed into powder/flour to be combined with wheat flour (WF) for development of value-added products. In this study, we substituted WF with banana peel powder (BPP) at supplementation rates of 5, 10, and 15%, and evaluated their suitability to develop salted noodles. The results showed that the composite flour with 15% BPP had significantly higher protein, ash, and crude fiber content as compared to control. Higher antioxidant capacity was observed in composite flour noodles: total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ferric reducing power (FRAP) and DPPH reducing power were increased up to 278, 260, 143 and 13 percent respectively in the noodles containing 15% BPP as compared to control (100% WF). On the other hand, values for viscosity decreased up to 22% with addition of BPP in WF. Furthermore, water absorption capacity and cooking losses were increased up to 15 and 13 percent respectively with 15% BPP incorporation in WF. Results for sensory evaluation demonstrated that noodles with 10% BPP scored highest for sensory profile.展开更多
The aim of this research was to convert potato peel waste (PPW) to single cell protein (SCP), and to extract valuable phenolic compounds from the spent medium. PPW is an abundant by-product of potato processing indust...The aim of this research was to convert potato peel waste (PPW) to single cell protein (SCP), and to extract valuable phenolic compounds from the spent medium. PPW is an abundant by-product of potato processing industry, consisting mostly of starch, fibre and protein in a form of watery sludge. The PPW from a chip manufacturing plant was pre-treated with sulphuric acid, and used as a substrate for an acidophilic Scytalidium acidophilum fungus under non-aseptic conditions. The produced SCP had a promising amino acid composition to be used in animal feed. Phenolic compounds were not recovered from the spent medium, most likely due to the low pH in the medium. The present findings suggest that PPW is a suitable raw material for acidophilic SCP production, whilst the extraction of phenolic acids would require milder cultivation conditions or separation before pre-treatments of SCP production. The BOD5 of the PPW was reduced by in 98% due to fungal cultivation. Thus the feed production also served as an efficient means for reduction of organic load in the PPW.展开更多
基金funding provided through the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)Discovery grant and as the University of Prince Edward Island start up award to Yulin Hu.
文摘Potato is the fifth largest agricultural crop in Canada and contributes to the generation of an abundant amount of potato peel.However,disposal/recycling this peel remains a challenge due to the stringent environmental regulations.Consequently,there is a lack of an appropriate recycling and valorization methods of potato peel.Gasification is an effective technology for producing syngas and an ecofriendly waste disposal approach.Syngas is an important industrial intermediate to produce synthetic fuels and chemicals.To develop an ecofriendly and cost-effective valorization approach for potato peel,this study used a mixture of woody biomass(i.e.,wood chips)and potato peel to produce syngas by co-gasification using O_(2) as the gasifying agent at a constant equivalence ratio of 0.3 using Aspen Plus simulation software.The influences of gasification temperature and wood chip/potato peel weight ratio on the carbon conversion efficiency(CCE),and product gas composition(molar fraction)and lower heating value(LHV)of product gas were investigated.This simulation indicated that a positive synergistic interaction occurs between wood chips and potato peel in co-gasification process in terms of an increase in CCE by comparing the arithmetic value and real value at all simulated wood chip to potato peel weight ratios(44.9%to 85.8%,46.5%to 76.2%,and 48.1%to 78.6%at ratios of 25:75,50:50,and 75:25,respectively,for wood chips to potato peel).While the molar fraction of H_(2) and CO decreased continuously with increase in the weight percentage of wood chips in the wood chip-potato peel mixture from 0 wt%to 100 wt%(H_(2),at 42.1 mol%to 41.4 mol%;and CO at 44.0 mol%to 40.4 mol%),accompanied by a decrease of the LHV of the product gas(10.3 to 9.78 MJ·Nm^(−3)).The study concluded that co-gasification for producing syngas is feasible and environmental-friendly option to recycle and valorize potato peel.
基金the Thailand Research Fund(TRF)through the Thailand Science Research and Innovation(TSRI)(Record no.TRF-IRN57W0002 and TRF-IRG5980010)the National Research Council of Thailand through the Basic Research Fund(Record no.2564A10302002).
文摘The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of inclusion of dragon fruit peel pellet(DFPP) and dietary non-protein nitrogen (NPN) on nutrients digestibility, rumen fermentation efficiency,plasma antioxidant activity, microbial protein synthesis, milk yield and composition in lactatingHolstein-Friesian crossbred cows. Four animals were randomly allotted to 4 dietary treatments accordingto a 2 ×2 factorial arrangement in 4 ×4 Latin square design. The treatments were as follows: 300 g DMof DFPP t100 g of urea (T1), 300 g DM of DFPP t 200 g of urea (T2), 400 g DM of DFPP t 100 g of urea(T3), and 400 g DM of DFPP t 200 g of urea (T4), respectively. The results showed that intake of ricestraw was increased (P < 0.01) by the DFPP addition. Including DFPP and urea did not affect (P > 0.05) theNDF and ADF digestibilities, but increased the apparent digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, andcrude protein (P < 0.01). Rumen fermentation process, especially the propionate concentration, wassignificantly increased by the DFPP levels. The plasma antioxidant activity was increased (P > 0.05) withthe addition of DFPP. The DFPP improved (P < 0.01) microbial protein synthesis. The supplementation ofDFPP and urea increased (P < 0.05) milk fat, whereas milk yield and 3.5% fat corrected milk were onlyincreased (P < 0.05) by the DFPP supplementation. Based on these results, addition of DFPP at 400 g/animal per day with urea at 100 g/animal per day improved rumen fermentation, plasma antioxidantactivity, milk yield and milk fat percentage.
基金This work was supported by the Carnegie Corporation of New York(G 17-55192)the Department of Science and Innovation,and National Research Foundation(NRF)Centre of Excellence in Food Security project ID 91490.
文摘The recovery of pectin from citrus peel waste for application in the food,nutraceutical,pharmaceutical,and medical industries has attracted much interest.It has been postulated that the presence of polyphenols,sometimes regarded as an impurity,in extracted pectin might confer enhanced biological property.This research study aimed at investigating the physicochemical and biological properties(antioxidant,enzyme inhibitory,and cytotoxic properties)of pectin extracted from the alcohol insoluble residues of the peel waste of grapefruit,lime,and lemon as well as the pectin recovered from untreated peel waste.The rheological behavior of the pectin samples was also evaluated.High methoxyl pectin with galacturonic acid content greater that 60%was recovered from the different raw materials.Pectin obtained from untreated material possessed high phenolic content(19.83-5.94 mg gallic acid equivalent/g sample)and showed higher antioxidant activity.Inhibition against pancreatic cholesterol esterase,pancreatic lipase,andα-glucosidase was observed and pectin enriched with polyphenol showed higher activity.Addition of pectin samples to healthy Vero cells enhanced proliferation and did not show cytotoxic effect.Pectin solutions extracted from untreated lime and untreated grapefruit presented highest viscosity and elastic modulus,which were comparable to those obtained for commercial high-methoxyl pectin.Pectin extracted from lime,lemon,and grapefruit peels possessed interesting biological and viscoelastic properties,which can be exploited for development of novel bioproducts.
文摘Banana peel is appreciated for higher dietary fiber, phenolics, flavonoid contents, and minerals (particularly iron, calcium, and potassium), despite being a waste product. After drying, it can be processed into powder/flour to be combined with wheat flour (WF) for development of value-added products. In this study, we substituted WF with banana peel powder (BPP) at supplementation rates of 5, 10, and 15%, and evaluated their suitability to develop salted noodles. The results showed that the composite flour with 15% BPP had significantly higher protein, ash, and crude fiber content as compared to control. Higher antioxidant capacity was observed in composite flour noodles: total phenolics content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), ferric reducing power (FRAP) and DPPH reducing power were increased up to 278, 260, 143 and 13 percent respectively in the noodles containing 15% BPP as compared to control (100% WF). On the other hand, values for viscosity decreased up to 22% with addition of BPP in WF. Furthermore, water absorption capacity and cooking losses were increased up to 15 and 13 percent respectively with 15% BPP incorporation in WF. Results for sensory evaluation demonstrated that noodles with 10% BPP scored highest for sensory profile.
基金the European Regional Development Fund project A70161.
文摘The aim of this research was to convert potato peel waste (PPW) to single cell protein (SCP), and to extract valuable phenolic compounds from the spent medium. PPW is an abundant by-product of potato processing industry, consisting mostly of starch, fibre and protein in a form of watery sludge. The PPW from a chip manufacturing plant was pre-treated with sulphuric acid, and used as a substrate for an acidophilic Scytalidium acidophilum fungus under non-aseptic conditions. The produced SCP had a promising amino acid composition to be used in animal feed. Phenolic compounds were not recovered from the spent medium, most likely due to the low pH in the medium. The present findings suggest that PPW is a suitable raw material for acidophilic SCP production, whilst the extraction of phenolic acids would require milder cultivation conditions or separation before pre-treatments of SCP production. The BOD5 of the PPW was reduced by in 98% due to fungal cultivation. Thus the feed production also served as an efficient means for reduction of organic load in the PPW.
