Landscape ecology is an interdisciplinary field that has been rapidly developing in the past few decades. New ideas and perspectives that emphasize spatial heterogeneity, hierarchical linkages, and interactions betwee...Landscape ecology is an interdisciplinary field that has been rapidly developing in the past few decades. New ideas and perspectives that emphasize spatial heterogeneity, hierarchical linkages, and interactions between pattern, process, and scale have given the field an unique and significant identity. This paper is intended to review and synthesize the recent advances in landscape ecology, presenting a set of core concepts and theories, which include scale, pattern-process, spatial heterogeneity, edge effect, hierarchy theory, patch dynamics, patch-corridor-matrix model, island biogeographic theory, metapopulation theory, landscape connectivity, neutral models, and percolation theory.展开更多
Physical geography is the cornerstone of geography. In this article, the starting points of disciplines in physical geography in recent years in China are discussed. With the coupling of systems set as the research ob...Physical geography is the cornerstone of geography. In this article, the starting points of disciplines in physical geography in recent years in China are discussed. With the coupling of systems set as the research object, and sustainable development as the ultimate goal, the upgrade of physical geography can be deconstructed into three steps: deepen physical geography from the perspective of pattern-process coupling, improve the focus of physical geography from ecosystem processes to ecosystem services, and increase the understanding of the physical geography ‘pattern, process, service, sustainability' research cascade. The incorporation of human activities into physical geographic processes is essential to conduct integrated analysis on physical and human factors at different scales. The development of ecosystem service models that couple supply-demand and sustainable development are of great importance to bridge the role of ecosystem services between the natural environment and human well-being. Moreover, human-land systems and sustainable development have become the core areas and frontiers of integrated physical geography and even geography in general. China faces the great strategic demand of constructing an ecological civilization in a new era, and the development of the disciplines of physical geography should give full access to the advantages of intersecting and comprehensive disciplines, focus on the human-land system patterns,processes, and services in key research areas, and provide disciplinary support for regional, national, and global sustainable development.展开更多
基于4期Landsat影像和12.5 m ALOS高程数据,采用地形域分级和扩张过程分析相结合的方法,研究1995—2020年郑州城镇建设用地扩张格局在不同地形域梯度上的变化特征。结果表明:(1)1995—2020年郑州城镇建设用地扩张了2.5倍。郑州扩张的城...基于4期Landsat影像和12.5 m ALOS高程数据,采用地形域分级和扩张过程分析相结合的方法,研究1995—2020年郑州城镇建设用地扩张格局在不同地形域梯度上的变化特征。结果表明:(1)1995—2020年郑州城镇建设用地扩张了2.5倍。郑州扩张的城镇建设用地集中分布在地势平坦、坡度平缓的平原平坡型和丘陵平坡型地形域内,具有显著的梯度变化特征,坡度的约束作用较明显。(2)平原平坡型地域内的城镇建设用地景观破碎度较低,分布更加集聚,空间形态更复杂,而受自然地形的阻隔与限制,丘陵和山区的城镇建设用地分布较分散,空间形态较简单。(3)充分利用自然地形打造山城相依的城乡空间格局和重视城市竖向规划可能是郑州大都市区突破地形约束实现可持续发展的有效途径。展开更多
Soil water is the key abiotic limiting factor in desert areas and hydrological processes determine the vegetation composition, patterns and processes in desert regions. The hydrological processes can be altered by veg...Soil water is the key abiotic limiting factor in desert areas and hydrological processes determine the vegetation composition, patterns and processes in desert regions. The hydrological processes can be altered by vegetation succession. In this paper, we review the major advances in ecohydrological research and their potential impact on plant-water relations in revegetated desert communities. The major advances in ecohydrological research over the past 50 years in desert areas were analyzed using a case study that investigated the long-term ecosystem effects of sand-binding vegetation in the Tengger Desert. Key challenges and opportunities for ecohydrology research in the future are also discussed in the context of the major scientific issues affecting sand binding vegetation.展开更多
文摘Landscape ecology is an interdisciplinary field that has been rapidly developing in the past few decades. New ideas and perspectives that emphasize spatial heterogeneity, hierarchical linkages, and interactions between pattern, process, and scale have given the field an unique and significant identity. This paper is intended to review and synthesize the recent advances in landscape ecology, presenting a set of core concepts and theories, which include scale, pattern-process, spatial heterogeneity, edge effect, hierarchy theory, patch dynamics, patch-corridor-matrix model, island biogeographic theory, metapopulation theory, landscape connectivity, neutral models, and percolation theory.
基金Under the auspices of Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.QYZDY-SSW-DQC025)National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0604701)
文摘Physical geography is the cornerstone of geography. In this article, the starting points of disciplines in physical geography in recent years in China are discussed. With the coupling of systems set as the research object, and sustainable development as the ultimate goal, the upgrade of physical geography can be deconstructed into three steps: deepen physical geography from the perspective of pattern-process coupling, improve the focus of physical geography from ecosystem processes to ecosystem services, and increase the understanding of the physical geography ‘pattern, process, service, sustainability' research cascade. The incorporation of human activities into physical geographic processes is essential to conduct integrated analysis on physical and human factors at different scales. The development of ecosystem service models that couple supply-demand and sustainable development are of great importance to bridge the role of ecosystem services between the natural environment and human well-being. Moreover, human-land systems and sustainable development have become the core areas and frontiers of integrated physical geography and even geography in general. China faces the great strategic demand of constructing an ecological civilization in a new era, and the development of the disciplines of physical geography should give full access to the advantages of intersecting and comprehensive disciplines, focus on the human-land system patterns,processes, and services in key research areas, and provide disciplinary support for regional, national, and global sustainable development.
文摘基于4期Landsat影像和12.5 m ALOS高程数据,采用地形域分级和扩张过程分析相结合的方法,研究1995—2020年郑州城镇建设用地扩张格局在不同地形域梯度上的变化特征。结果表明:(1)1995—2020年郑州城镇建设用地扩张了2.5倍。郑州扩张的城镇建设用地集中分布在地势平坦、坡度平缓的平原平坡型和丘陵平坡型地形域内,具有显著的梯度变化特征,坡度的约束作用较明显。(2)平原平坡型地域内的城镇建设用地景观破碎度较低,分布更加集聚,空间形态更复杂,而受自然地形的阻隔与限制,丘陵和山区的城镇建设用地分布较分散,空间形态较简单。(3)充分利用自然地形打造山城相依的城乡空间格局和重视城市竖向规划可能是郑州大都市区突破地形约束实现可持续发展的有效途径。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars (40825001)the National Basic Research Program of China (2013CB429906)
文摘Soil water is the key abiotic limiting factor in desert areas and hydrological processes determine the vegetation composition, patterns and processes in desert regions. The hydrological processes can be altered by vegetation succession. In this paper, we review the major advances in ecohydrological research and their potential impact on plant-water relations in revegetated desert communities. The major advances in ecohydrological research over the past 50 years in desert areas were analyzed using a case study that investigated the long-term ecosystem effects of sand-binding vegetation in the Tengger Desert. Key challenges and opportunities for ecohydrology research in the future are also discussed in the context of the major scientific issues affecting sand binding vegetation.
