When performing echocardiography in a 74-year-old woman admitted with non ST elevation myocardial infarction and concomitant colorectal cancer(CC),a dense calcification of the mitral annulus was detected. Differential...When performing echocardiography in a 74-year-old woman admitted with non ST elevation myocardial infarction and concomitant colorectal cancer(CC),a dense calcification of the mitral annulus was detected. Differential diagnosis between secondary metastasis and other etiologies of cardiac masses was essential for staging and therapeutic decision-making.Multimodality imaging with echocardiography alongside a computed tomography scan and cardiac magnetic resonance was crucial for the final diagnosis of caseous calcification of the mitral annulus(CCMA).CCMA is briefly reviewed and some possible explanations for the previously undescribed association of CC with CCMA are suggested.展开更多
Calcification of cartilage by hydroxyapatite is a hallmark of osteoarthritis and its deposition strongly correlates with the severity of osteoarthritis.However,no effective strategies are available to date on the prev...Calcification of cartilage by hydroxyapatite is a hallmark of osteoarthritis and its deposition strongly correlates with the severity of osteoarthritis.However,no effective strategies are available to date on the prevention of hydroxyapatite deposition within the osteoarthritic cartilage and its role in the pathogenesis of this degenerative condition is still controversial.Therefore,the present work aims at uncovering the pathogenic mechanism of intra-cartilaginous hydroxyapatite in osteoarthritis and developing feasible strategies to counter its detrimental effects.With the use of in vitro and in vivo models of osteoarthritis,hydroxyapatite crystallites deposited in the cartilage are found to be phagocytized by resident chondrocytes and processed by the lysosomes of those cells.This results in lysosomal membrane permeabilization(LMP)and release of cathepsin B(CTSB)into the cytosol.The cytosolic CTSB,in turn,activates NOD-like receptor protein-3(NLRP3)inflammasomes and subsequently instigates chondrocyte pyroptosis.Inhibition of LMP and CTSB in vivo are effective in managing the progression of osteoarthritis.The present work provides a conceptual therapeutic solution for the prevention of osteoarthritis via alleviation of lysosomal destabilization.展开更多
The study examined the association between calcified liver metastases and the histopathology of the primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese.The clinical,pathological and CT data were retrospectively analyzed in 210 pa...The study examined the association between calcified liver metastases and the histopathology of the primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese.The clinical,pathological and CT data were retrospectively analyzed in 210 patients (mean age:54.2 years) with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma.Plain CT scanning and contrast-enhanced scanning were performed in all the patients.For the contrast-enhanced examination,iohexol was injected by using a high pressure syringe at a flow rate of 2.5-3.0 mL/s.The arterial phase lasted approximately 25 s and the portal venous phase about 60 s.All patients had no history of chronic liver diseases and had never received interventional treatments.χ 2-test was used to analyze the rate of calcification in the liver metastasis from colorectal cancer of different differentiation degrees.Among the 210 cases of liver metastases,22 patients (10.5%) were found to have calcified liver metastases on CT scan.Two patients with calcified liver metastasis received lumpectomy and developed calcification in recurrent tumors.Another two patients had calcification in newly developed tumor masses.And the calcification in the newly developed masses was similar to that of their primary counterparts in terms of morphology and distribution.On the enhanced CT scan,the tumors exhibited no enhancement during hepatic arterial phase and showed slight rim enhancement during portal venous scan in the 22 cases.The calcification became obscure on contrast-enhanced scans.Histopathologically,the primary tumors were well-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 6 cases,moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 10,poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 4 and mucinous adenocarcinoma in 2 among the 22 cases.No statistical correlation was noted between the incidence of calcified liver metastasis and the pathological subtypes and differentiation degrees of the primary colorectal carcinoma.It was concluded that calcified liver metastases may result from colorectal adenocarcinomata of different differentiation degrees or muci展开更多
文摘When performing echocardiography in a 74-year-old woman admitted with non ST elevation myocardial infarction and concomitant colorectal cancer(CC),a dense calcification of the mitral annulus was detected. Differential diagnosis between secondary metastasis and other etiologies of cardiac masses was essential for staging and therapeutic decision-making.Multimodality imaging with echocardiography alongside a computed tomography scan and cardiac magnetic resonance was crucial for the final diagnosis of caseous calcification of the mitral annulus(CCMA).CCMA is briefly reviewed and some possible explanations for the previously undescribed association of CC with CCMA are suggested.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82001072,81870805,82170978)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2405900,2022YFC2405901)the Shaanxi Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Team(2020TD-033).
文摘Calcification of cartilage by hydroxyapatite is a hallmark of osteoarthritis and its deposition strongly correlates with the severity of osteoarthritis.However,no effective strategies are available to date on the prevention of hydroxyapatite deposition within the osteoarthritic cartilage and its role in the pathogenesis of this degenerative condition is still controversial.Therefore,the present work aims at uncovering the pathogenic mechanism of intra-cartilaginous hydroxyapatite in osteoarthritis and developing feasible strategies to counter its detrimental effects.With the use of in vitro and in vivo models of osteoarthritis,hydroxyapatite crystallites deposited in the cartilage are found to be phagocytized by resident chondrocytes and processed by the lysosomes of those cells.This results in lysosomal membrane permeabilization(LMP)and release of cathepsin B(CTSB)into the cytosol.The cytosolic CTSB,in turn,activates NOD-like receptor protein-3(NLRP3)inflammasomes and subsequently instigates chondrocyte pyroptosis.Inhibition of LMP and CTSB in vivo are effective in managing the progression of osteoarthritis.The present work provides a conceptual therapeutic solution for the prevention of osteoarthritis via alleviation of lysosomal destabilization.
文摘The study examined the association between calcified liver metastases and the histopathology of the primary colorectal carcinoma in Chinese.The clinical,pathological and CT data were retrospectively analyzed in 210 patients (mean age:54.2 years) with liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma.Plain CT scanning and contrast-enhanced scanning were performed in all the patients.For the contrast-enhanced examination,iohexol was injected by using a high pressure syringe at a flow rate of 2.5-3.0 mL/s.The arterial phase lasted approximately 25 s and the portal venous phase about 60 s.All patients had no history of chronic liver diseases and had never received interventional treatments.χ 2-test was used to analyze the rate of calcification in the liver metastasis from colorectal cancer of different differentiation degrees.Among the 210 cases of liver metastases,22 patients (10.5%) were found to have calcified liver metastases on CT scan.Two patients with calcified liver metastasis received lumpectomy and developed calcification in recurrent tumors.Another two patients had calcification in newly developed tumor masses.And the calcification in the newly developed masses was similar to that of their primary counterparts in terms of morphology and distribution.On the enhanced CT scan,the tumors exhibited no enhancement during hepatic arterial phase and showed slight rim enhancement during portal venous scan in the 22 cases.The calcification became obscure on contrast-enhanced scans.Histopathologically,the primary tumors were well-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 6 cases,moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 10,poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma in 4 and mucinous adenocarcinoma in 2 among the 22 cases.No statistical correlation was noted between the incidence of calcified liver metastasis and the pathological subtypes and differentiation degrees of the primary colorectal carcinoma.It was concluded that calcified liver metastases may result from colorectal adenocarcinomata of different differentiation degrees or muci
