The thalamostriatal pathway is implicated in Parkinson's disease(PD); however, PD-related changes in the relationship between oscillatory activity in the centromedian-parafascicular complex(CM/Pf, or the Pf in rod...The thalamostriatal pathway is implicated in Parkinson's disease(PD); however, PD-related changes in the relationship between oscillatory activity in the centromedian-parafascicular complex(CM/Pf, or the Pf in rodents) and the dorsal striatum(DS) remain unclear.Therefore, we simultaneously recorded local field potentials(LFPs) in both the Pf and DS of hemiparkinsonian and control rats during epochs of rest or treadmill walking. The dopamine-lesioned rats showed increased LFP power in the beta band(12 Hz–35 Hz) in the Pf and DS during both epochs, but decreased LFP power in the delta(0.5 Hz–3 Hz) band in the Pf during rest epochs and in the DS during both epochs, compared to control rats. In addition,exaggerated low gamma(35 Hz–70 Hz) oscillations after dopamine loss were restricted to the Pf regardless of the behavioral state. Furthermore, enhanced synchronization of LFP oscillations was found between the Pf and DS after the dopamine lesion. Significant increases occurred in the mean coherence in both theta(3 Hz–7 Hz) and beta bands,and a significant increase was also noted in the phase coherence in the beta band between the Pf and DS during rest epochs. During the treadmill walking epochs, significant increases were found in both the alpha(7 Hz–12 Hz)and beta bands for two coherence measures. Collectively,dramatic changes in the relative LFP power and coherence in the thalamostriatal pathway may underlie the dysfunction of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical network circuits in PD, contributing to some of the motor and non-motor symptoms of the disease.展开更多
The present study was undertaken to investigate whether M-cholinoceptors in caudate nucleus (Cd) were implicated in cortical sensorimotor area I (SmI) originating descending modulation of activities in thalamic parafa...The present study was undertaken to investigate whether M-cholinoceptors in caudate nucleus (Cd) were implicated in cortical sensorimotor area I (SmI) originating descending modulation of activities in thalamic parafascicular nuclei (Pf) in acupuncture analgesia (AA). It was found that following bilateral microinjection of atropine into Cd head electroacupuncture (EA) (n=12) or glutamate (Glu) applied at SmI (n=12) did not affect the nociceptive responses of Pf neurons (P>0. 05),while in the saline control groups EA (n=11) or Glu at SmI (n=12) obviously inhibited nociceptive responses of Pf neurons (P<0. 05). There were significant differences in the effect of EA or Glu at SmI between atropine and saline groups (ANOVA, P<0. 05). Together with our previous findings demonstrating the participation of SmI originating descending modulation of Pf neurons in AA, the present investigation indicates that M-cholinoceptors are involved in mediating SmI originating descending modulation of Pf neurons in AA.展开更多
Many research works through out the world show that the preoptic area(POA) is a region concerned with analgesia. Electric stimulation to this region could enhance markedly pain threshold and exert an analgesic effect....Many research works through out the world show that the preoptic area(POA) is a region concerned with analgesia. Electric stimulation to this region could enhance markedly pain threshold and exert an analgesic effect. Central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) plays an important role in pain mediation. Acupuncture could accelerate the synthe-展开更多
BACKGROUND： Vagal nerve fibers have many projections to the central nervous system. The anti-epileptic effects of vagus nerve stimulation （VNS） are associated with the thalamus, insular cortex, and other brain regi...BACKGROUND： Vagal nerve fibers have many projections to the central nervous system. The anti-epileptic effects of vagus nerve stimulation （VNS） are associated with the thalamus, insular cortex, and other brain regions. OBJECTIVE： To validate the inhibitory effects of vagus nerve stimulation on firing activities of parafascicular nucleus （Pf） neurons in rats. DESIGN, TIME, AND SETTING： The experiment was performed in the Electrophysiological Laboratory of Department of Neurobiology, Liaoning Medical University between September 2006 and September 2007 with multiple-factor self-controlled design. MATERIALS： Twenty-two healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats were obtained for this experiment. Main instruments： A320R constant electrical stimulation was made by United States World Precision Instruments, Spike2 Biological Signal Processing Systems was provided by British CED Company. METHODS： Under general anesthesia, the left cervical vagus nerve of rats was separated by approximately 1.0 cm. A stimulation electrode was deployed on the vagus nerve, with various settings for VNS parameters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Firing rates of Pf before and after various VNS parameters were measured according to effect （R） ≥ 20%： excited effect, R ≤ -20%： inhibited effect, -20% 〈 R 〈 20%： no effect. ② Firing rates of excited Pf neurons after various VNS parameters were measured. RESULTS： ① One rat died prior to recording, another was recorded in the wrong brain location, but the remaining 20 rats were included in the final analysis. ② A total of 221 Pf neurons in healthy rats were recorded. The spontaneous firing rats were （6.70 ± 0.56） Hz and varied between 0.34-52.5 Hz. The spontaneous firing rates were significantly increased in 146 neurons （66.1%）, increasing from （5.36 ± 0.59） Hz to （8.22 ± 0.81） Hz （P 〈 0.01）. A total of 40 （18.1%） neurons did not respond, and 35 （15.8%） neurons were inhibited. ③ The excitation rates of Pf neurons did not incr展开更多
Objective: To study the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) of scalp-points for regulating abnormal discharges of neurons in different regions around the cerebral hemorrhage focus by using neuro-electrophysiological ...Objective: To study the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) of scalp-points for regulating abnormal discharges of neurons in different regions around the cerebral hemorrhage focus by using neuro-electrophysiological methods. Methods: 80 Wistar rats (anesthetized with 20% urethane 1 g/kg, i.p.) were randomly divided into normal, saline, model and EA groups, with 20 cases in each group. Cerebral hemorrhage model was established by intracerebral injection of the rat’s own arterial blood sample (40 uL). In rats of saline group, the same volume of saline was given for intracerebral injection. Extracellular electrical activity of neurons of the caudate nucleus and parafascicular nucleus and Tail flicking latency (TFL) were used as the indexes. “Baihui”(百会 GV 20) and “Taiyang”(太阳 EX-HN 5) were punctured from GV 20 towards EX-HN 5 with filiform needles and stimulated electrically with stimulating parameters of strength of 1 V, frequency of 15 Hz and duration of 15 min. Results: Compared with normal group, TFL values of model group and EA group increased significantly (P<0.01); and compared with model group, those of EA group decreased significantly (P<0.01), suggesting that the pain threshold increased significantly in cerebral hemorrhage rats while after acupuncture stimulation, it lowered strikingly. Compared with normal and saline groups, the latency values of the pain excitement and inhibitory responses of the cellular discharges of the caudate and parafascicular nuclei in model and EA groups increased significantly (P<0.05～0.01), while after EA, it recovered apparently (P<0.01), showing an apparent regulative effect of EA on the abnormal changes of discharges of neurons around the cerebral hemorrhage focus. Conclusion: Scalp-acupuncture possesses an apparent regulatory effect on the abnormal electrical activity of neurons around the cerebral hemorrhage focus which may favor the early recovery of functional activity of neurons near the focus tissues.展开更多
Objective: To study the bidirectional adjustment effe ct of ele ctroacupuncture (E A) on the electrical activities of neurons in caudate nucleus (CN) and parafasci cular nucleus (PFN) in rats with acute cerebral hemor...Objective: To study the bidirectional adjustment effe ct of ele ctroacupuncture (E A) on the electrical activities of neurons in caudate nucleus (CN) and parafasci cular nucleus (PFN) in rats with acute cerebral hemorrhage (ACH). Methods: ① 32 male Wistar rats were evenly randomize d into normal, EA+normal, model and model +EA groups for observing the effect of EA on pain reaction; ② another 40 male Wi star rats were equally randomized into control, saline, model and EA groups for comparing the effects of EA on discharges of pain-reaction neurons in CN and P FN . ACH model was established by intracerebral injection of the rat’s own arteria l blood sample (30μL) into CN and PFN. Pain reaction was tested by using tail -flicking (TF) reflex induced by radiation-heat irradiation. Extra-cellular d ischarges of neurons of CN and PFN were recorded by using glass micropipettes. E A (1 V, 15 Hz and duration of 10 min) was applied to "Baihui"(百会 GV 20) and "Taiyang" (太阳 EX-HN 5). Frequency of discharges of CN and PFN neurons was calculated be fore and after intracerebral injection of blood sample, heat nociceptive stimula tion and EA respectively. Results: Compared with con trol group and pre-EA in the same group, TF latency (TFL) values of normal rats increased significantly; compared w ith pre-injection of blood, TFL of model group also increased pronouncedly ( P<0.0 1). In comparison with model group, TFL values of EA group decreased significant ly (P<0.01), indicating that EA of GV 20 and EX-HN 5 could suppress ACH induced increase of TFL. In ACH rats, the latency of pain-excitement response of disch ar ges of CN and PFN neurons increased significantly, while the net increase values of pain-excitement response decreased significantly in model group (P< 0.05～0.01 ), the duration of pain-inhibitory response and the net decrease values of dis ch arges of CN and PFN neurons increased clearly. Comparison between model and EA groups showed that the latency values of the pain-excitement reaction of disch ar g展开更多
基金supported by the Science Technological Project of Shandong Province (2018CXGC1502 and 2016GSF201058)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571104 and 81501149)
文摘The thalamostriatal pathway is implicated in Parkinson's disease(PD); however, PD-related changes in the relationship between oscillatory activity in the centromedian-parafascicular complex(CM/Pf, or the Pf in rodents) and the dorsal striatum(DS) remain unclear.Therefore, we simultaneously recorded local field potentials(LFPs) in both the Pf and DS of hemiparkinsonian and control rats during epochs of rest or treadmill walking. The dopamine-lesioned rats showed increased LFP power in the beta band(12 Hz–35 Hz) in the Pf and DS during both epochs, but decreased LFP power in the delta(0.5 Hz–3 Hz) band in the Pf during rest epochs and in the DS during both epochs, compared to control rats. In addition,exaggerated low gamma(35 Hz–70 Hz) oscillations after dopamine loss were restricted to the Pf regardless of the behavioral state. Furthermore, enhanced synchronization of LFP oscillations was found between the Pf and DS after the dopamine lesion. Significant increases occurred in the mean coherence in both theta(3 Hz–7 Hz) and beta bands,and a significant increase was also noted in the phase coherence in the beta band between the Pf and DS during rest epochs. During the treadmill walking epochs, significant increases were found in both the alpha(7 Hz–12 Hz)and beta bands for two coherence measures. Collectively,dramatic changes in the relative LFP power and coherence in the thalamostriatal pathway may underlie the dysfunction of the basal ganglia-thalamocortical network circuits in PD, contributing to some of the motor and non-motor symptoms of the disease.
文摘The present study was undertaken to investigate whether M-cholinoceptors in caudate nucleus (Cd) were implicated in cortical sensorimotor area I (SmI) originating descending modulation of activities in thalamic parafascicular nuclei (Pf) in acupuncture analgesia (AA). It was found that following bilateral microinjection of atropine into Cd head electroacupuncture (EA) (n=12) or glutamate (Glu) applied at SmI (n=12) did not affect the nociceptive responses of Pf neurons (P>0. 05),while in the saline control groups EA (n=11) or Glu at SmI (n=12) obviously inhibited nociceptive responses of Pf neurons (P<0. 05). There were significant differences in the effect of EA or Glu at SmI between atropine and saline groups (ANOVA, P<0. 05). Together with our previous findings demonstrating the participation of SmI originating descending modulation of Pf neurons in AA, the present investigation indicates that M-cholinoceptors are involved in mediating SmI originating descending modulation of Pf neurons in AA.
文摘Many research works through out the world show that the preoptic area(POA) is a region concerned with analgesia. Electric stimulation to this region could enhance markedly pain threshold and exert an analgesic effect. Central 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) plays an important role in pain mediation. Acupuncture could accelerate the synthe-
文摘BACKGROUND： Vagal nerve fibers have many projections to the central nervous system. The anti-epileptic effects of vagus nerve stimulation （VNS） are associated with the thalamus, insular cortex, and other brain regions. OBJECTIVE： To validate the inhibitory effects of vagus nerve stimulation on firing activities of parafascicular nucleus （Pf） neurons in rats. DESIGN, TIME, AND SETTING： The experiment was performed in the Electrophysiological Laboratory of Department of Neurobiology, Liaoning Medical University between September 2006 and September 2007 with multiple-factor self-controlled design. MATERIALS： Twenty-two healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats were obtained for this experiment. Main instruments： A320R constant electrical stimulation was made by United States World Precision Instruments, Spike2 Biological Signal Processing Systems was provided by British CED Company. METHODS： Under general anesthesia, the left cervical vagus nerve of rats was separated by approximately 1.0 cm. A stimulation electrode was deployed on the vagus nerve, with various settings for VNS parameters. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Firing rates of Pf before and after various VNS parameters were measured according to effect （R） ≥ 20%： excited effect, R ≤ -20%： inhibited effect, -20% 〈 R 〈 20%： no effect. ② Firing rates of excited Pf neurons after various VNS parameters were measured. RESULTS： ① One rat died prior to recording, another was recorded in the wrong brain location, but the remaining 20 rats were included in the final analysis. ② A total of 221 Pf neurons in healthy rats were recorded. The spontaneous firing rats were （6.70 ± 0.56） Hz and varied between 0.34-52.5 Hz. The spontaneous firing rates were significantly increased in 146 neurons （66.1%）, increasing from （5.36 ± 0.59） Hz to （8.22 ± 0.81） Hz （P 〈 0.01）. A total of 40 （18.1%） neurons did not respond, and 35 （15.8%） neurons were inhibited. ③ The excitation rates of Pf neurons did not incr
基金ThisworkwassubsidizedbyNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .3 9670 90 2 ) .
文摘Objective: To study the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) of scalp-points for regulating abnormal discharges of neurons in different regions around the cerebral hemorrhage focus by using neuro-electrophysiological methods. Methods: 80 Wistar rats (anesthetized with 20% urethane 1 g/kg, i.p.) were randomly divided into normal, saline, model and EA groups, with 20 cases in each group. Cerebral hemorrhage model was established by intracerebral injection of the rat’s own arterial blood sample (40 uL). In rats of saline group, the same volume of saline was given for intracerebral injection. Extracellular electrical activity of neurons of the caudate nucleus and parafascicular nucleus and Tail flicking latency (TFL) were used as the indexes. “Baihui”(百会 GV 20) and “Taiyang”(太阳 EX-HN 5) were punctured from GV 20 towards EX-HN 5 with filiform needles and stimulated electrically with stimulating parameters of strength of 1 V, frequency of 15 Hz and duration of 15 min. Results: Compared with normal group, TFL values of model group and EA group increased significantly (P<0.01); and compared with model group, those of EA group decreased significantly (P<0.01), suggesting that the pain threshold increased significantly in cerebral hemorrhage rats while after acupuncture stimulation, it lowered strikingly. Compared with normal and saline groups, the latency values of the pain excitement and inhibitory responses of the cellular discharges of the caudate and parafascicular nuclei in model and EA groups increased significantly (P<0.05～0.01), while after EA, it recovered apparently (P<0.01), showing an apparent regulative effect of EA on the abnormal changes of discharges of neurons around the cerebral hemorrhage focus. Conclusion: Scalp-acupuncture possesses an apparent regulatory effect on the abnormal electrical activity of neurons around the cerebral hemorrhage focus which may favor the early recovery of functional activity of neurons near the focus tissues.
基金This work was subsidized by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No .39670902)
文摘Objective: To study the bidirectional adjustment effe ct of ele ctroacupuncture (E A) on the electrical activities of neurons in caudate nucleus (CN) and parafasci cular nucleus (PFN) in rats with acute cerebral hemorrhage (ACH). Methods: ① 32 male Wistar rats were evenly randomize d into normal, EA+normal, model and model +EA groups for observing the effect of EA on pain reaction; ② another 40 male Wi star rats were equally randomized into control, saline, model and EA groups for comparing the effects of EA on discharges of pain-reaction neurons in CN and P FN . ACH model was established by intracerebral injection of the rat’s own arteria l blood sample (30μL) into CN and PFN. Pain reaction was tested by using tail -flicking (TF) reflex induced by radiation-heat irradiation. Extra-cellular d ischarges of neurons of CN and PFN were recorded by using glass micropipettes. E A (1 V, 15 Hz and duration of 10 min) was applied to "Baihui"(百会 GV 20) and "Taiyang" (太阳 EX-HN 5). Frequency of discharges of CN and PFN neurons was calculated be fore and after intracerebral injection of blood sample, heat nociceptive stimula tion and EA respectively. Results: Compared with con trol group and pre-EA in the same group, TF latency (TFL) values of normal rats increased significantly; compared w ith pre-injection of blood, TFL of model group also increased pronouncedly ( P<0.0 1). In comparison with model group, TFL values of EA group decreased significant ly (P<0.01), indicating that EA of GV 20 and EX-HN 5 could suppress ACH induced increase of TFL. In ACH rats, the latency of pain-excitement response of disch ar ges of CN and PFN neurons increased significantly, while the net increase values of pain-excitement response decreased significantly in model group (P< 0.05～0.01 ), the duration of pain-inhibitory response and the net decrease values of dis ch arges of CN and PFN neurons increased clearly. Comparison between model and EA groups showed that the latency values of the pain-excitement reaction of disch ar g
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fundation for Distinguished Young Scholars in China (No. 30425024)the National Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2007CB507404)
