One of the maximum residences of activated carbon is adsorption capacity, this significance grows every day in a variety of fields. One of its examples is water treatment, processing of potable, all of those residence...One of the maximum residences of activated carbon is adsorption capacity, this significance grows every day in a variety of fields. One of its examples is water treatment, processing of potable, all of those residences deliver capacity of activated carbon in smell elimination and flavor in residues of dissolved natural and color. Activated carbon was made from the carbonization of palm tree leave’s stems and activated using calcium chloride, then tested with an increase in reactivity indicated by iodine adsorption test up to 68.6% reactivity increase in commercial sample and 48.7% in palm tree leaves sample. As the methods and precursors of activated carbon are very diverse and result in deferent adsorption properties, the primary test includes: carbonization of palm tree leaves, size reduction and classification of the charcoal produced, applying an iodine test on the non-activated sample, activating another sample with activating agent CaCl<sub>2</sub> to comparison between the activated carbon and the non-activated carbon and shows the increasing in the adsorption capacity for elemental iodine in activated carbon.展开更多
Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng (baba?u) is a palm tree of considerable economic importance in Brazil, especially in the northeast portion of the country. The myxobiota of baba?u was studied by examining living and d...Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng (baba?u) is a palm tree of considerable economic importance in Brazil, especially in the northeast portion of the country. The myxobiota of baba?u was studied by examining living and dead trunks, leaves, inflorescences and fallen fruits on the ground during the wet season at the Teresina Park, Piauí State, Brazil. Taxonomic diversity, species diversity, frequency of occurrence, abundance and constancy of each species were determined in two areas of deciduous mixed forest. The taxonomic diversity of the myxobiota was similar, with values of 1.5 and 1.6 for the two areas. The highest frequency of occurrence value was recorded for the spathe (50% -54%), followed by the petiole (18% -19%) and leaf sheath (4% -19%). Myxomycetes were absent on fallen fruits and rare on the leaf blade (6%) and dead (9%) or living (2%) trunks. Hemitrichia serpula (Scop.) Rostaf. ex Lister, Perichaena depressa Lib., Arcyria cinerea (Bull.) Pers. and H. calyculata (Speg.) M. L. Farr were the species characterized by the highest levels of constancy, abundance and frequency. Cribraria microcarpa (Schrad.) Pers. and Stemonitopsis typhina (F. H. Wigg.) Nann.-Bremek. were occasionally present. Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa (Mull.) T. Macbr., Clastoderma debaryanum A. Blytt, Craterium aureum (Schumach.) Rostaf. and Physarum melleum (Berk. & Broome) Massee were infrequently encountered. Other species recorded were Arcyria denudata (L.) Wettst., Cribraria cancellata (Batsch.) Nann.-Bremek., C. violacea Rex, Lycogala exiguum Morgan, Metatrichia vesparia (Batsch) Nann.-Bremek. ex G. W. Martin, Physarum bogoriense Racib., P. nucleatum Rex, P. pusillum (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) G. Lister and Stemonitis axifera (Bull.) T. Macbr. The myxobiota of the shaded study area was characterized by a higher diversity (6.10) than the unshaded area (2.10), and the incidence of myxomycetes on the A. speciosa trees selected for study was appreciably higher (100% and 40%, respectively).展开更多
The objective of the present study was to access to imaging material density close to or identical density imaging of bone and soft tissue, from raw materials of nature to be used in different model applications and t...The objective of the present study was to access to imaging material density close to or identical density imaging of bone and soft tissue, from raw materials of nature to be used in different model applications and to provide comprehensive evaluation of the imaging system and techniques under realistic conditions in radiology departments for educational purposes. The palm tree of abundance in Saudi Arabia was chosen to study the date’s seeds and palm leaves in terms of photographic density. The results achieved were referring to the lack of imaging density of dates seeds and palm leaves compared to bone density. Thus, it was necessary to use two additional materials: Salt and eggshells in order to find the highest density and graphic approach to bone density. The present preliminary study indicated that the permanent and stable model can be achieved by palm leaves, salt & eggshell powder with imaging material density close to the imaging density of the bone and soft tissue for achieving more clinical skills and medical education.展开更多
In this work, the potential of natural and pretreated palm tree trunk (PTT) as agents for adsorption of an organic dye, 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (2,6-DCPIP) from aqueous solutions was probed. Natural and acetic ac...In this work, the potential of natural and pretreated palm tree trunk (PTT) as agents for adsorption of an organic dye, 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (2,6-DCPIP) from aqueous solutions was probed. Natural and acetic acid treated PTT were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and by the point of zero charge (pzc). The biosorption of 2,6-DCPIP was investigated in batch mode using natural and treated PTT. This study was achieved by highlighting several parameters such as the contact time, biosorbents dosage, the initial concentration of 2,6-DCPIP, the pH of the solution, the ionic strength and the interfering ions. The results showed that 2,6-DCPIP was successfully adsorbed from aqueous solutions by natural and treated PTT. The equilibrium was attained after 40 minutes for treated PTT and 20 minutes for natural PTT. The maximum capacity of adsorption was obtained at pH = 2. The adsorption isotherms were investigated and it was found that the experimental data were best described by the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm for the natural PTT (R2 = 0.979) and by the Temkin isotherm for the treated PTT (R2 = 0.976). The maximum adsorption capacities determined by Langmuir isotherm were found as 108.932 and 157.233 μmol·g–1 for natural and treated PTT, respectively. The adsorption kinetics was analyzed and was best described by the pseudo-second order model (R2 ≥ 0.998). The diffusion mechanism was studied and the result showed that external mass transfer is the main rate controlling step. The desorption of 2,6-DCPIP is favorable in alkaline medium.展开更多
Endophytic flora plays a vital role in the colonization and survival of host plants, especially in harsh environments, such as arid regions. This flora may, however, contain pathogenic species responsible for various ...Endophytic flora plays a vital role in the colonization and survival of host plants, especially in harsh environments, such as arid regions. This flora may, however, contain pathogenic species responsible for various troublesome host diseases. The present study is aimed at investigating the diversity of both cultivable and non-cultivable endophytic fungal floras in the internal tissues(roots and leaves) of Tunisian date palm trees(Phoenix dactylifera). Accordingly, 13 isolates from both root and leaf samples, exhibiting distinct colony morphology, were selected from potato dextrose agar(PDA) medium and identified by a sequence match search wherein their 18S–28S internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequences were compared to those available in public databases. These findings revealed that the cultivable root and leaf isolates fell into two groups, namely Nectriaceae and Pleosporaceae. Additionally, total DNA from palm roots and leaves was further extracted and ITS fragments were amplified. Restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) analysis of the ITS from 200 fungal clones(leaves: 100; roots: 100) using HaeIII restriction enzyme revealed 13 distinct patterns that were further sequenced and led to the identification of Alternaria, Cladosporium, Davidiella(Cladosporium teleomorph), Pythium, Curvularia, and uncharacterized fungal endophytes. Both approaches confirmed that while the roots were predominantly colonized by Fusaria(members of the Nectriaceae family), the leaves were essentially colonized by Alternaria(members of the Pleosporaceae family). Overall, the findings of the present study constitute, to the authors' knowledge, the first extensive report on the diversity of endophytic fungal flora associated with date palm trees(P. dactylifera).展开更多
文摘One of the maximum residences of activated carbon is adsorption capacity, this significance grows every day in a variety of fields. One of its examples is water treatment, processing of potable, all of those residences deliver capacity of activated carbon in smell elimination and flavor in residues of dissolved natural and color. Activated carbon was made from the carbonization of palm tree leave’s stems and activated using calcium chloride, then tested with an increase in reactivity indicated by iodine adsorption test up to 68.6% reactivity increase in commercial sample and 48.7% in palm tree leaves sample. As the methods and precursors of activated carbon are very diverse and result in deferent adsorption properties, the primary test includes: carbonization of palm tree leaves, size reduction and classification of the charcoal produced, applying an iodine test on the non-activated sample, activating another sample with activating agent CaCl<sub>2</sub> to comparison between the activated carbon and the non-activated carbon and shows the increasing in the adsorption capacity for elemental iodine in activated carbon.
文摘Attalea speciosa Mart. ex Spreng (baba?u) is a palm tree of considerable economic importance in Brazil, especially in the northeast portion of the country. The myxobiota of baba?u was studied by examining living and dead trunks, leaves, inflorescences and fallen fruits on the ground during the wet season at the Teresina Park, Piauí State, Brazil. Taxonomic diversity, species diversity, frequency of occurrence, abundance and constancy of each species were determined in two areas of deciduous mixed forest. The taxonomic diversity of the myxobiota was similar, with values of 1.5 and 1.6 for the two areas. The highest frequency of occurrence value was recorded for the spathe (50% -54%), followed by the petiole (18% -19%) and leaf sheath (4% -19%). Myxomycetes were absent on fallen fruits and rare on the leaf blade (6%) and dead (9%) or living (2%) trunks. Hemitrichia serpula (Scop.) Rostaf. ex Lister, Perichaena depressa Lib., Arcyria cinerea (Bull.) Pers. and H. calyculata (Speg.) M. L. Farr were the species characterized by the highest levels of constancy, abundance and frequency. Cribraria microcarpa (Schrad.) Pers. and Stemonitopsis typhina (F. H. Wigg.) Nann.-Bremek. were occasionally present. Ceratiomyxa fruticulosa (Mull.) T. Macbr., Clastoderma debaryanum A. Blytt, Craterium aureum (Schumach.) Rostaf. and Physarum melleum (Berk. & Broome) Massee were infrequently encountered. Other species recorded were Arcyria denudata (L.) Wettst., Cribraria cancellata (Batsch.) Nann.-Bremek., C. violacea Rex, Lycogala exiguum Morgan, Metatrichia vesparia (Batsch) Nann.-Bremek. ex G. W. Martin, Physarum bogoriense Racib., P. nucleatum Rex, P. pusillum (Berk. & M. A. Curtis) G. Lister and Stemonitis axifera (Bull.) T. Macbr. The myxobiota of the shaded study area was characterized by a higher diversity (6.10) than the unshaded area (2.10), and the incidence of myxomycetes on the A. speciosa trees selected for study was appreciably higher (100% and 40%, respectively).
文摘The objective of the present study was to access to imaging material density close to or identical density imaging of bone and soft tissue, from raw materials of nature to be used in different model applications and to provide comprehensive evaluation of the imaging system and techniques under realistic conditions in radiology departments for educational purposes. The palm tree of abundance in Saudi Arabia was chosen to study the date’s seeds and palm leaves in terms of photographic density. The results achieved were referring to the lack of imaging density of dates seeds and palm leaves compared to bone density. Thus, it was necessary to use two additional materials: Salt and eggshells in order to find the highest density and graphic approach to bone density. The present preliminary study indicated that the permanent and stable model can be achieved by palm leaves, salt & eggshell powder with imaging material density close to the imaging density of the bone and soft tissue for achieving more clinical skills and medical education.
文摘In this work, the potential of natural and pretreated palm tree trunk (PTT) as agents for adsorption of an organic dye, 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (2,6-DCPIP) from aqueous solutions was probed. Natural and acetic acid treated PTT were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and by the point of zero charge (pzc). The biosorption of 2,6-DCPIP was investigated in batch mode using natural and treated PTT. This study was achieved by highlighting several parameters such as the contact time, biosorbents dosage, the initial concentration of 2,6-DCPIP, the pH of the solution, the ionic strength and the interfering ions. The results showed that 2,6-DCPIP was successfully adsorbed from aqueous solutions by natural and treated PTT. The equilibrium was attained after 40 minutes for treated PTT and 20 minutes for natural PTT. The maximum capacity of adsorption was obtained at pH = 2. The adsorption isotherms were investigated and it was found that the experimental data were best described by the Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm for the natural PTT (R2 = 0.979) and by the Temkin isotherm for the treated PTT (R2 = 0.976). The maximum adsorption capacities determined by Langmuir isotherm were found as 108.932 and 157.233 μmol·g–1 for natural and treated PTT, respectively. The adsorption kinetics was analyzed and was best described by the pseudo-second order model (R2 ≥ 0.998). The diffusion mechanism was studied and the result showed that external mass transfer is the main rate controlling step. The desorption of 2,6-DCPIP is favorable in alkaline medium.
基金supported by EGIDE(No.18470SA),CMCU(No.08G908)the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education
文摘Endophytic flora plays a vital role in the colonization and survival of host plants, especially in harsh environments, such as arid regions. This flora may, however, contain pathogenic species responsible for various troublesome host diseases. The present study is aimed at investigating the diversity of both cultivable and non-cultivable endophytic fungal floras in the internal tissues(roots and leaves) of Tunisian date palm trees(Phoenix dactylifera). Accordingly, 13 isolates from both root and leaf samples, exhibiting distinct colony morphology, were selected from potato dextrose agar(PDA) medium and identified by a sequence match search wherein their 18S–28S internal transcribed spacer(ITS) sequences were compared to those available in public databases. These findings revealed that the cultivable root and leaf isolates fell into two groups, namely Nectriaceae and Pleosporaceae. Additionally, total DNA from palm roots and leaves was further extracted and ITS fragments were amplified. Restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) analysis of the ITS from 200 fungal clones(leaves: 100; roots: 100) using HaeIII restriction enzyme revealed 13 distinct patterns that were further sequenced and led to the identification of Alternaria, Cladosporium, Davidiella(Cladosporium teleomorph), Pythium, Curvularia, and uncharacterized fungal endophytes. Both approaches confirmed that while the roots were predominantly colonized by Fusaria(members of the Nectriaceae family), the leaves were essentially colonized by Alternaria(members of the Pleosporaceae family). Overall, the findings of the present study constitute, to the authors' knowledge, the first extensive report on the diversity of endophytic fungal flora associated with date palm trees(P. dactylifera).
