Osteoporosis,a global age-related health problem in both male and female elderly,insidiously deteriorates the microstructure of bone,particularly at trabecular sites,such as vertebrae,ribs and hips,culminating in frag...Osteoporosis,a global age-related health problem in both male and female elderly,insidiously deteriorates the microstructure of bone,particularly at trabecular sites,such as vertebrae,ribs and hips,culminating in fragility fractures,pain and disability.Although osteoporosis is normally associated with senescence and estrogen deficiency,diabetes mellitus(DM),especially type 1 DM,also contributes to and/or aggravates bone loss in osteoporotic patients.This topic highlight article focuses on DM-induced osteoporosis and DM/ osteoporosis comorbidity,covering alterations in bone metabolism as well as factors regulating bone growth under diabetic conditions including,insulin,insulin-like growth factor-1 and angiogenesis.Cellular and molecular mechanisms of DM-related bone loss are also discussed.This information provides a foundation for the better understanding of diabetic complications and for development of early screening and prevention of osteoporosis in diabetic patients.展开更多
目的观察40岁以上围绝经期和绝经后女性骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)的变化并分析其相关危险因素。方法选取2017年8月至2018年3月在我院门诊进行体检的40岁以上女性,详细记录其病史、身高、体重,进行生化和内分泌测试,然后进行双能...目的观察40岁以上围绝经期和绝经后女性骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)的变化并分析其相关危险因素。方法选取2017年8月至2018年3月在我院门诊进行体检的40岁以上女性,详细记录其病史、身高、体重,进行生化和内分泌测试,然后进行双能X射线吸收测定扫描。结果研究人群的平均年龄为46.65岁,平均体质量指数为26.23 kg/m^2。研究中骨量减少的患病率为38%,骨质疏松症的患病率为4%,低骨密度的患病率为42%。随着年龄的增加和绝经状态的增加,低骨密度妇女的比例也随之增加。在内分泌评估中,60%的人群出现维生素D摄入不足的情况,56.67%的人群患有甲状旁腺功能亢进,100%的人群出现甲状腺功能减退,75%的人群伴随着甲状腺功能亢进,同时骨密度较低。在慢性疾病中,发现83.33%的女性患有糖尿病,50%的女性患有高血压,50%的女性具有肝肾功能异常,50%的女性患有关节炎等风湿性疾病,同时骨密度较低。每天接受阳光照射时间少于1 h的女性中,48.65%的人骨密度较低。由于日常体力劳动的减少,BMD正常的女性比例从72.72%下降到46.15%。在多因素Logistic回归分析中,发现血清维生素D缺乏,体力劳动和阳光照射不足与低BMD显著相关。结论低BMD不是仅限于绝经后妇女的疾病,它在40岁以上的女性中普遍存在。展开更多
目的调查了解广州市社区中老年人骨量减少、骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)的患病率及骨质疏松性骨折发生率,分析近年来骨质疏松患病率的增减趋势。方法采用现场问卷调查了解受试者的基本资料(包括性别、年龄、身高、体重、骨折史等),并...目的调查了解广州市社区中老年人骨量减少、骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)的患病率及骨质疏松性骨折发生率,分析近年来骨质疏松患病率的增减趋势。方法采用现场问卷调查了解受试者的基本资料(包括性别、年龄、身高、体重、骨折史等),并用美国双能X线骨密度仪测量1529例40～87岁中老年人群的腰椎正位和左髋部骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),以性别、年龄分组进行分析。结果随着年龄递增,各组髋部BMD值逐渐下降,而腰椎BMD值并未随着增龄而呈现递减的趋势,60岁以上中老人髋部BMD值显著低于腰椎BMD值(P<0.05)。根据腰椎BMD值计算,中老年人OP总患病率为30.7%,其中女性为34.2%,明显高于男性的17.9%(P<0.05)。低骨量(osteopenia,OPA)总患病率为41.8%,男女分别为42.4%和41.6%(P>0.05)。根据髋部BMD值计算,OP总患病率更高,达到38.2%,女性为39.4%,高于男性的33.9%(P<0.05)。OPA总患病率为47.4%,男性为52.7%,女性为46.0%(P>0.05)。受调查的中老年男性中有骨折史的为82例,女性为357例,OP患者骨折发生率为37.8%,远高于非OP患者23.1%(P<0.01),再骨折发生率OP患者为6.2%,高于非OP患者的2.64%(P<0.01)。结论广州市社区中老年人骨质疏松患病率和脆性骨折发生率较高,且其发生率均较以往有明显增高的趋势,建议早筛查、早诊断、早治疗。根据髋部BMD值进行骨质疏松评估的敏感性更高,应该首选髋部作为骨密度测量的部位。展开更多
目的了解广西南宁市绝经后女性骨质疏松症的患病情况及相关影响因素,为进一步预防干预提供理论依据。方法选取我院健康体检的216名绝经后女性作为研究对象,测定髋部及第1~4腰椎的骨密度,同时进行问卷调查。结果骨质疏松、骨量减少及骨...目的了解广西南宁市绝经后女性骨质疏松症的患病情况及相关影响因素,为进一步预防干预提供理论依据。方法选取我院健康体检的216名绝经后女性作为研究对象,测定髋部及第1~4腰椎的骨密度,同时进行问卷调查。结果骨质疏松、骨量减少及骨量正常分别占38.89%、43.06%、18.05%,随着年龄增加,骨质疏松患病率明显升高(χ2=17.56,P=0.000);骨质疏松组年龄、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、绝经年限、足月妊娠次数、户外活动次数、每次运动时间、活动程度、奶制品摄入及钙剂摄入情况与另外两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),Logistics多因素回归分析表明,年龄、绝经年限与骨质疏松症呈正相关(OR=3.419,P=0.000;OR=2.569,P=0.016);而BMI、运动次数、饮牛奶及钙剂摄入与其呈负相关性(OR=0.517,P=0.000;OR=0.684,P=0.024;OR=0.589,P=0.021;OR=0.266,P=0.000)。结论广西南宁市区绝经后女性骨质疏松及骨量减少患病率高。BMI增高、运动次数多、饮牛奶及钙剂摄入是其保护因素,应加强宣教,从而预防和延缓骨质疏松的发生。展开更多
Neonatal osteopenia is an important area of interest for neonatologists due to continuing increased survival of preterm infants. It can occur in high-risk infants such as preterm infants, infants on long-term diuretic...Neonatal osteopenia is an important area of interest for neonatologists due to continuing increased survival of preterm infants. It can occur in high-risk infants such as preterm infants, infants on long-term diuretics or corticosteroids, and those with neuromuscular disorders. Complications such as rickets, pathological fractures, impaired respiratory function and poor growth in childhood can develop and may be the first clinical evidence of the condition. It is important for neonatologists managing such high-risk patients to regularly monitor biochemical markers for evidence of abnormal bone turnover and inadequate mineral intake in order to detect the early phases of impaired bone mineralization. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry has become an increasingly used research tool for assessing bone mineral density in children and neonates, but more studies are still needed before it can be used as a useful clinical tool. Prevention and early detection of osteopenia are key to the successful management of this condition and oral phosphate supplements should be started as soon as is feasible.展开更多
Primary biliary cholangitis(PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease with multiple debilitating complications. Osteoporosis is a common complication of PBC resulting in frequent fractures and leading to signifi...Primary biliary cholangitis(PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease with multiple debilitating complications. Osteoporosis is a common complication of PBC resulting in frequent fractures and leading to significant morbidity in this population, yet evidence for effective therapy is lacking. We sought to summarize our current understanding of the pathophysiology of osteoporosis in PBC, as well as current and emerging therapies in order to guide future research directions. A complete search with a comprehensive literature review was performed with studies from Pub Med, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane database, and the Countway Library. Osteoporosis in PBC is driven primarily by decreased bone formation, which differs from the increased bone resorption seen in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Despite this fundamental difference, current treatment recommendations are based primarily on experience with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Trials specific to PBC-related osteoporosis are small and have not consistently demonstrated a benefit in this population. As it stands, prevention of osteoporosis in PBC relies on the mitigation of risk factors such as smoking and alcohol use, as well as encouraging a healthy diet and weight-bearing exercise. The primary medical intervention for the treatment of osteoporosis in PBC remains bisphosphonates though a benefit in terms of fracture reduction has never been shown. This review outlines what is known regarding the pathogenesis of bone disease in PBC and summarizes current and emerging therapies.展开更多
AIM: To assess the failure and bone-to-implant contact rate of dental implants placed on osteoporotic subjects. METHODS: Extensive examination strategies were created to classify studies for this systematic review. ME...AIM: To assess the failure and bone-to-implant contact rate of dental implants placed on osteoporotic subjects. METHODS: Extensive examination strategies were created to classify studies for this systematic review. MEDLINE(via Pub Med) and EMBASE database were examined for studies in English up to and including May 2014. The examination presented a combination of the MeS H words described as follow: "osteoporosis" or "osteopenia" or "estrogen deficiency" AND "implant" or "dental implant" or "osseointegration". Assessment of clinical and/or histological peri-implant conditions in osteoporosis subjects treated with titanium dental implants. The examination included a combination of the MeS H terms described as follow: "osteoporosis" or "osteopenia" or "estrogen deficiency" AND "implant" or "dental implant" or "osseointegration".RESULTS: Of 943 potentially eligible articles, 12 were included in the study. A total of 133 subjects with osteoporosis, 73 subjects diagnosed with osteopenia and 708 healthy subjects were assessed in this systematic review. In these subjects were installed 367, 205, 2981 dental implants in osteoporotic, osteopenic and healthy subjects, respectively. The failure rate of dental implant was 10.9% in osteoporotic subjects, 8.29% in osteopenic and 11.43% in healthy ones. Bone-to-implant contact obtained from retrieved implants ranged between 49.96% to 47.84%, for osteoporosis and non-osteoporotic subjects. CONCLUSION: Osteoporotic subjects presented higher rates of implant loss, however, there is a lower evidence to strengthen or refute the hypothesis that osteoporosis may have detrimental effects on bone healing. Consequently, final conclusions regarding the effect of osteoporosis in dental implant therapy cannot be made at this time. There are no randomized clinical trial accessible for evaluation and the retrospectivenature of the evaluated studies shall be taken in account when interpreting this study.展开更多
文摘Osteoporosis,a global age-related health problem in both male and female elderly,insidiously deteriorates the microstructure of bone,particularly at trabecular sites,such as vertebrae,ribs and hips,culminating in fragility fractures,pain and disability.Although osteoporosis is normally associated with senescence and estrogen deficiency,diabetes mellitus(DM),especially type 1 DM,also contributes to and/or aggravates bone loss in osteoporotic patients.This topic highlight article focuses on DM-induced osteoporosis and DM/ osteoporosis comorbidity,covering alterations in bone metabolism as well as factors regulating bone growth under diabetic conditions including,insulin,insulin-like growth factor-1 and angiogenesis.Cellular and molecular mechanisms of DM-related bone loss are also discussed.This information provides a foundation for the better understanding of diabetic complications and for development of early screening and prevention of osteoporosis in diabetic patients.
文摘目的观察40岁以上围绝经期和绝经后女性骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)的变化并分析其相关危险因素。方法选取2017年8月至2018年3月在我院门诊进行体检的40岁以上女性,详细记录其病史、身高、体重,进行生化和内分泌测试,然后进行双能X射线吸收测定扫描。结果研究人群的平均年龄为46.65岁,平均体质量指数为26.23 kg/m^2。研究中骨量减少的患病率为38%,骨质疏松症的患病率为4%,低骨密度的患病率为42%。随着年龄的增加和绝经状态的增加,低骨密度妇女的比例也随之增加。在内分泌评估中,60%的人群出现维生素D摄入不足的情况,56.67%的人群患有甲状旁腺功能亢进,100%的人群出现甲状腺功能减退,75%的人群伴随着甲状腺功能亢进,同时骨密度较低。在慢性疾病中,发现83.33%的女性患有糖尿病,50%的女性患有高血压,50%的女性具有肝肾功能异常,50%的女性患有关节炎等风湿性疾病,同时骨密度较低。每天接受阳光照射时间少于1 h的女性中,48.65%的人骨密度较低。由于日常体力劳动的减少,BMD正常的女性比例从72.72%下降到46.15%。在多因素Logistic回归分析中,发现血清维生素D缺乏,体力劳动和阳光照射不足与低BMD显著相关。结论低BMD不是仅限于绝经后妇女的疾病,它在40岁以上的女性中普遍存在。
文摘目的调查了解广州市社区中老年人骨量减少、骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)的患病率及骨质疏松性骨折发生率,分析近年来骨质疏松患病率的增减趋势。方法采用现场问卷调查了解受试者的基本资料(包括性别、年龄、身高、体重、骨折史等),并用美国双能X线骨密度仪测量1529例40～87岁中老年人群的腰椎正位和左髋部骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD),以性别、年龄分组进行分析。结果随着年龄递增,各组髋部BMD值逐渐下降,而腰椎BMD值并未随着增龄而呈现递减的趋势,60岁以上中老人髋部BMD值显著低于腰椎BMD值(P<0.05)。根据腰椎BMD值计算,中老年人OP总患病率为30.7%,其中女性为34.2%,明显高于男性的17.9%(P<0.05)。低骨量(osteopenia,OPA)总患病率为41.8%,男女分别为42.4%和41.6%(P>0.05)。根据髋部BMD值计算,OP总患病率更高,达到38.2%,女性为39.4%,高于男性的33.9%(P<0.05)。OPA总患病率为47.4%,男性为52.7%,女性为46.0%(P>0.05)。受调查的中老年男性中有骨折史的为82例,女性为357例,OP患者骨折发生率为37.8%,远高于非OP患者23.1%(P<0.01),再骨折发生率OP患者为6.2%,高于非OP患者的2.64%(P<0.01)。结论广州市社区中老年人骨质疏松患病率和脆性骨折发生率较高,且其发生率均较以往有明显增高的趋势,建议早筛查、早诊断、早治疗。根据髋部BMD值进行骨质疏松评估的敏感性更高,应该首选髋部作为骨密度测量的部位。
文摘目的了解广西南宁市绝经后女性骨质疏松症的患病情况及相关影响因素,为进一步预防干预提供理论依据。方法选取我院健康体检的216名绝经后女性作为研究对象,测定髋部及第1~4腰椎的骨密度,同时进行问卷调查。结果骨质疏松、骨量减少及骨量正常分别占38.89%、43.06%、18.05%,随着年龄增加,骨质疏松患病率明显升高(χ2=17.56,P=0.000);骨质疏松组年龄、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、绝经年限、足月妊娠次数、户外活动次数、每次运动时间、活动程度、奶制品摄入及钙剂摄入情况与另外两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),Logistics多因素回归分析表明,年龄、绝经年限与骨质疏松症呈正相关(OR=3.419,P=0.000;OR=2.569,P=0.016);而BMI、运动次数、饮牛奶及钙剂摄入与其呈负相关性(OR=0.517,P=0.000;OR=0.684,P=0.024;OR=0.589,P=0.021;OR=0.266,P=0.000)。结论广西南宁市区绝经后女性骨质疏松及骨量减少患病率高。BMI增高、运动次数多、饮牛奶及钙剂摄入是其保护因素,应加强宣教,从而预防和延缓骨质疏松的发生。
文摘Neonatal osteopenia is an important area of interest for neonatologists due to continuing increased survival of preterm infants. It can occur in high-risk infants such as preterm infants, infants on long-term diuretics or corticosteroids, and those with neuromuscular disorders. Complications such as rickets, pathological fractures, impaired respiratory function and poor growth in childhood can develop and may be the first clinical evidence of the condition. It is important for neonatologists managing such high-risk patients to regularly monitor biochemical markers for evidence of abnormal bone turnover and inadequate mineral intake in order to detect the early phases of impaired bone mineralization. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry has become an increasingly used research tool for assessing bone mineral density in children and neonates, but more studies are still needed before it can be used as a useful clinical tool. Prevention and early detection of osteopenia are key to the successful management of this condition and oral phosphate supplements should be started as soon as is feasible.
基金Supported by NIH T32 training grant,No.4T32GM103702-04 to Trivedi HD
文摘Primary biliary cholangitis(PBC) is an autoimmune cholestatic liver disease with multiple debilitating complications. Osteoporosis is a common complication of PBC resulting in frequent fractures and leading to significant morbidity in this population, yet evidence for effective therapy is lacking. We sought to summarize our current understanding of the pathophysiology of osteoporosis in PBC, as well as current and emerging therapies in order to guide future research directions. A complete search with a comprehensive literature review was performed with studies from Pub Med, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane database, and the Countway Library. Osteoporosis in PBC is driven primarily by decreased bone formation, which differs from the increased bone resorption seen in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Despite this fundamental difference, current treatment recommendations are based primarily on experience with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Trials specific to PBC-related osteoporosis are small and have not consistently demonstrated a benefit in this population. As it stands, prevention of osteoporosis in PBC relies on the mitigation of risk factors such as smoking and alcohol use, as well as encouraging a healthy diet and weight-bearing exercise. The primary medical intervention for the treatment of osteoporosis in PBC remains bisphosphonates though a benefit in terms of fracture reduction has never been shown. This review outlines what is known regarding the pathogenesis of bone disease in PBC and summarizes current and emerging therapies.
基金Supported by Sao Paulo Research Foundation,FAPESP,No.2008/06972-6The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development,CNPq Nos.579157/2008-3,302768/2009-2 and 473282/2007-0+1 种基金Pesq-Doc scholarship to Dr.Shibli from University of GuaruhosScholarship to Dr.Giro from University of Guarulhos
文摘AIM: To assess the failure and bone-to-implant contact rate of dental implants placed on osteoporotic subjects. METHODS: Extensive examination strategies were created to classify studies for this systematic review. MEDLINE(via Pub Med) and EMBASE database were examined for studies in English up to and including May 2014. The examination presented a combination of the MeS H words described as follow: "osteoporosis" or "osteopenia" or "estrogen deficiency" AND "implant" or "dental implant" or "osseointegration". Assessment of clinical and/or histological peri-implant conditions in osteoporosis subjects treated with titanium dental implants. The examination included a combination of the MeS H terms described as follow: "osteoporosis" or "osteopenia" or "estrogen deficiency" AND "implant" or "dental implant" or "osseointegration".RESULTS: Of 943 potentially eligible articles, 12 were included in the study. A total of 133 subjects with osteoporosis, 73 subjects diagnosed with osteopenia and 708 healthy subjects were assessed in this systematic review. In these subjects were installed 367, 205, 2981 dental implants in osteoporotic, osteopenic and healthy subjects, respectively. The failure rate of dental implant was 10.9% in osteoporotic subjects, 8.29% in osteopenic and 11.43% in healthy ones. Bone-to-implant contact obtained from retrieved implants ranged between 49.96% to 47.84%, for osteoporosis and non-osteoporotic subjects. CONCLUSION: Osteoporotic subjects presented higher rates of implant loss, however, there is a lower evidence to strengthen or refute the hypothesis that osteoporosis may have detrimental effects on bone healing. Consequently, final conclusions regarding the effect of osteoporosis in dental implant therapy cannot be made at this time. There are no randomized clinical trial accessible for evaluation and the retrospectivenature of the evaluated studies shall be taken in account when interpreting this study.
