This paper lists the accepted names and classification of marine fungi,updating the scheme presented in 2009.The classification includes 1,112 species(in 472 genera):Ascomycota 805(in 352 genera),Basidiomycota 21 spec...This paper lists the accepted names and classification of marine fungi,updating the scheme presented in 2009.The classification includes 1,112 species(in 472 genera):Ascomycota 805(in 352 genera),Basidiomycota 21 species(in 17 genera),Chytridiomycota and related phyla 26 species(in 13 genera),Zygomycota three(in two genera),Blastocladiomycota one species(one genus),asexual morphs of filamentous fungi 43(in 26 genera);and marine yeasts:Ascomycota 138 species(in 35 genera),Basidiomycota 75 species(in 26 genera).These fungi belong to 129 families and 65 orders.The Halosphaeriaceae remains the largest family of marine fungi with 141 species in 59 genera,while the most specious genera are Aspergillus(47 species),Penicillium(39 species)and the yeast genus Candida(64 species).The review includes details of recent higher order nomenclature changes,and accounts of new families,genera and species described over the past 5 years.展开更多
In this paper and presupposing a Christian Weltanschauung or biblical worldview, I will argue that vices are disordered loves and virtues are reordered loves. The Christian gospel makes the ~ansition from the former t...In this paper and presupposing a Christian Weltanschauung or biblical worldview, I will argue that vices are disordered loves and virtues are reordered loves. The Christian gospel makes the ~ansition from the former to the latter state possible. The seven deadly sins--pride, envy, anger, sloth, avarice, gluttony, and lust--are disordered loves; the seven cardinal virtues--faith, hope, love, courage, justice, temperance, and prudence--are reordered loves. Since love is central in human experience---rooted in the heart--it is also central in moral formation and deformation. Love （or the lack thereof） is the key to understanding the nature and action of both human vice and virtue.展开更多
本文以法国詹森主义者康布·德·本特夏托(Sebastien-Joseph du Cambout de Coislin de Pontchateau)批判耶稣会在华传教策略的论争文献——《耶稣会士的实用伦理学》第二卷——为研究个案,指出耶稣会在欧洲的敌对力量——詹森...本文以法国詹森主义者康布·德·本特夏托(Sebastien-Joseph du Cambout de Coislin de Pontchateau)批判耶稣会在华传教策略的论争文献——《耶稣会士的实用伦理学》第二卷——为研究个案,指出耶稣会在欧洲的敌对力量——詹森主义(jansenism)——对"利玛窦规矩"所持的批评态度和立场。文本资料上,詹森主义者详尽掌握着1652年以前欧洲有关中国礼仪之争的材料;价值立场上,他们更加认同多明我会士和方济各会士的传教方式。詹森主义者对中国礼仪和耶稣会在华传教策略的贬抑和排斥根源上是由于双方在神学理论和伦理学体系上的差异决定的。但詹森主义者用以衡量、评判耶稣会在华传教策略的严格主义(Rigorism)道德立场在17、18世纪清教主义盛行的法国社会和奉行教会自主原则(Gallicanism)的法兰西教会内赢得了为数众多的支持者,使詹森派在与耶稣会的争论中在舆论上获得了极大的成功、产生了很大的影响,而詹森主义者对"利玛窦规矩"的批评态度反过来也助长了法兰西教会对耶稣会一直抱持的敌对态度。展开更多
基金Gareth Jones is supported by the Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program(DSFP),King Saud University.This Project was funded by the National Plan for Science,Technology and Innovation(MAARIFAH),King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Award Number(12-BIO2840-02.K.L).Pang would like to thank Ministry of Science and Technology,Taiwan for financial support(NSC101-2621-B-019-001-MY3).T.Boekhout is supported by a grant NPRP6-647-1-127 from the Qatar National Research Fund(a member of the Qatar Foundation).This research was also financially supported by The Biodiversity and Training Program(BRT R_251006,BRT R_351004,BRT_R352015)and National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC),Thailand.We thank Drs.Holger Thüs and Patrick M.McCarthy for their comments on what constitutes littoral/intertidal lichensDrs.Joyce Longcore,D.Reham Simmons,Serygey K.Karpov,Frank Gleason for their critical comments on marine chytrids+1 种基金Drs.Teppo Rämä,Hans-Otto Baral and Ove E.Eriksson for allowing us to refer to their publication on Orbilia marina.Jack Fell for useful comments on marine yeastsRhiannon Owen for assistance with theses held at the Hugh Lloyd Library,University of Aberystwyth,Wales.
文摘This paper lists the accepted names and classification of marine fungi,updating the scheme presented in 2009.The classification includes 1,112 species(in 472 genera):Ascomycota 805(in 352 genera),Basidiomycota 21 species(in 17 genera),Chytridiomycota and related phyla 26 species(in 13 genera),Zygomycota three(in two genera),Blastocladiomycota one species(one genus),asexual morphs of filamentous fungi 43(in 26 genera);and marine yeasts:Ascomycota 138 species(in 35 genera),Basidiomycota 75 species(in 26 genera).These fungi belong to 129 families and 65 orders.The Halosphaeriaceae remains the largest family of marine fungi with 141 species in 59 genera,while the most specious genera are Aspergillus(47 species),Penicillium(39 species)and the yeast genus Candida(64 species).The review includes details of recent higher order nomenclature changes,and accounts of new families,genera and species described over the past 5 years.
文摘In this paper and presupposing a Christian Weltanschauung or biblical worldview, I will argue that vices are disordered loves and virtues are reordered loves. The Christian gospel makes the ~ansition from the former to the latter state possible. The seven deadly sins--pride, envy, anger, sloth, avarice, gluttony, and lust--are disordered loves; the seven cardinal virtues--faith, hope, love, courage, justice, temperance, and prudence--are reordered loves. Since love is central in human experience---rooted in the heart--it is also central in moral formation and deformation. Love （or the lack thereof） is the key to understanding the nature and action of both human vice and virtue.
文摘本文以法国詹森主义者康布·德·本特夏托(Sebastien-Joseph du Cambout de Coislin de Pontchateau)批判耶稣会在华传教策略的论争文献——《耶稣会士的实用伦理学》第二卷——为研究个案,指出耶稣会在欧洲的敌对力量——詹森主义(jansenism)——对"利玛窦规矩"所持的批评态度和立场。文本资料上,詹森主义者详尽掌握着1652年以前欧洲有关中国礼仪之争的材料;价值立场上,他们更加认同多明我会士和方济各会士的传教方式。詹森主义者对中国礼仪和耶稣会在华传教策略的贬抑和排斥根源上是由于双方在神学理论和伦理学体系上的差异决定的。但詹森主义者用以衡量、评判耶稣会在华传教策略的严格主义(Rigorism)道德立场在17、18世纪清教主义盛行的法国社会和奉行教会自主原则(Gallicanism)的法兰西教会内赢得了为数众多的支持者,使詹森派在与耶稣会的争论中在舆论上获得了极大的成功、产生了很大的影响,而詹森主义者对"利玛窦规矩"的批评态度反过来也助长了法兰西教会对耶稣会一直抱持的敌对态度。
