随着食物过敏现象的日益普遍,其已成为工业化国家一个严重的公众健康问题。食物蛋白致敏机理的相关研究大多借助于两大类小鼠模型,即口服致敏模型和局部或皮肤致敏模型。然而,不同模型之间的差异以及如何选择合适的模型进行研究却鲜有...随着食物过敏现象的日益普遍,其已成为工业化国家一个严重的公众健康问题。食物蛋白致敏机理的相关研究大多借助于两大类小鼠模型,即口服致敏模型和局部或皮肤致敏模型。然而,不同模型之间的差异以及如何选择合适的模型进行研究却鲜有人关注。鉴于此,本研究旨在通过比较对虾原肌球蛋白口服灌胃和腹腔注射两种给药途径对BALB/c小鼠致敏性的影响,寻求最佳给药方式,以便建立有效的动物模型,并在分子及免疫水平研究其致敏机理,从而为食物过敏原动物模型的构建提供一定的理论依据,也为研究食物过敏原致敏机制以及预防治疗食物过敏提供重要的模型依据。结果表明,腹腔注射小鼠血清中特异性免疫球蛋白(immunoglobulin,Ig)E、组胺以及辅助性T细胞(helper T cells,Th)2型细胞因子含量均高于口服灌胃小鼠,其致敏性更好。此外,口服灌胃小鼠血清特异性Ig G2a、干扰素-γ、调节性T细胞水平增加,表明虽有黏膜佐剂作用,但口服给药仍可能使小鼠产生口服免疫耐受,从而降低对虾原肌球蛋白对其的致敏性。本研究表明,腹腔注射原肌球蛋白比口服灌胃更易使小鼠致敏,其Th1/Th2平衡被打破,Th2反应占据优势,更适合用于构建食物致敏动物模型。展开更多
A great deal of attention has been focused on the potential health benefits of using rice bran oil because it is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Rice bran oil deodorizer distillate (RBODD) is a byproduct obtaine...A great deal of attention has been focused on the potential health benefits of using rice bran oil because it is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Rice bran oil deodorizer distillate (RBODD) is a byproduct obtained from distillation of rice bran oil. Elevated plasma cholesterol level is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tocols (tocopherols + tocotrienols) rich fraction isolated from RBODD on plasma and liver lipid concentrations in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (6 weeks of age) were randomly assigned into three groups: normal fat control (NFC), high fat control (HFC) and high fat diet plus tocols rich fraction (RBODD). RBODD was administered daily for 3 weeks by oral gavage using 5% of Tween-80 as a vehicle. The rats in the control groups received 5% of Tween-80 alone in the same manner. Blood samples and livers were collected at the end of the feeding period. RBODD group had significantly lower plasma triglyceride levels compared to the HFC group (p < 0.05). However, no significant changes for plasma total and lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found in RBODD compared with HFC. Compared to the rat fed HFC, hepatic free fatty acids were significantly reduced in the rats with the RBODD treatment (p < 0.05). The results suggest that the tocols rich fraction isolated from RBODD is associated with decreased plasma triglyceride and hepatic free fatty acids concentrations. Further study is needed to investigate the mechanism and optimal dose by which isomers of tocols lower triglyceride concentrations.展开更多
Pharmacokinetics and residue elimination of streptomycin sulfate (STR) are important in the determination of optimal dosage regimens and in establishing safe withdrawal periods in farmed fishes. The pharmacokinetics o...Pharmacokinetics and residue elimination of streptomycin sulfate (STR) are important in the determination of optimal dosage regimens and in establishing safe withdrawal periods in farmed fishes. The pharmacokinetics of STR was studied after a single dose (50 mg/kg) of intramuscular (i.m.) or oral gavage (p.o.) administration to Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in freshwater at 25°C. Eight fish per sampling point were examined after treatment. Plasma and muscle were collected and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with 0.05 μg/ml detection limit. The data of pharmacokinetics conformed to the two-compartment open model for intramuscular and one-compartment open model for oral administrations. After intramuscular administration, the elimination half-life (t1/2β) was calculated to be 11.346 h, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) to be 29.524 μg/ml, the time to peak plasma streptomycin concentration (Tmax) to be 0.218 h, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) to be 90.206 μg/ml?h. Following p.o. administration, the corresponding estimates were 13.239 h, 0.346 μg/ml, 11.960 h, and 12.356 μg/ml?h. After intramuscular administration, a therapeutic concentration of the drug was maintained for 12 hours in the plasma, however, a therapeutic level could not be achieved after oral administration, and the results suggest that the drug can be used clinically by intramuscular administration against streptomycin susceptible systemic infections in Japanese eel.展开更多
文摘随着食物过敏现象的日益普遍,其已成为工业化国家一个严重的公众健康问题。食物蛋白致敏机理的相关研究大多借助于两大类小鼠模型,即口服致敏模型和局部或皮肤致敏模型。然而,不同模型之间的差异以及如何选择合适的模型进行研究却鲜有人关注。鉴于此,本研究旨在通过比较对虾原肌球蛋白口服灌胃和腹腔注射两种给药途径对BALB/c小鼠致敏性的影响,寻求最佳给药方式,以便建立有效的动物模型,并在分子及免疫水平研究其致敏机理,从而为食物过敏原动物模型的构建提供一定的理论依据,也为研究食物过敏原致敏机制以及预防治疗食物过敏提供重要的模型依据。结果表明,腹腔注射小鼠血清中特异性免疫球蛋白(immunoglobulin,Ig)E、组胺以及辅助性T细胞(helper T cells,Th)2型细胞因子含量均高于口服灌胃小鼠,其致敏性更好。此外,口服灌胃小鼠血清特异性Ig G2a、干扰素-γ、调节性T细胞水平增加,表明虽有黏膜佐剂作用,但口服给药仍可能使小鼠产生口服免疫耐受,从而降低对虾原肌球蛋白对其的致敏性。本研究表明,腹腔注射原肌球蛋白比口服灌胃更易使小鼠致敏,其Th1/Th2平衡被打破,Th2反应占据优势,更适合用于构建食物致敏动物模型。
文摘A great deal of attention has been focused on the potential health benefits of using rice bran oil because it is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Rice bran oil deodorizer distillate (RBODD) is a byproduct obtained from distillation of rice bran oil. Elevated plasma cholesterol level is one of the major risk factors for coronary heart disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of tocols (tocopherols + tocotrienols) rich fraction isolated from RBODD on plasma and liver lipid concentrations in rats. Male Sprague Dawley rats (6 weeks of age) were randomly assigned into three groups: normal fat control (NFC), high fat control (HFC) and high fat diet plus tocols rich fraction (RBODD). RBODD was administered daily for 3 weeks by oral gavage using 5% of Tween-80 as a vehicle. The rats in the control groups received 5% of Tween-80 alone in the same manner. Blood samples and livers were collected at the end of the feeding period. RBODD group had significantly lower plasma triglyceride levels compared to the HFC group (p < 0.05). However, no significant changes for plasma total and lipoprotein cholesterol levels were found in RBODD compared with HFC. Compared to the rat fed HFC, hepatic free fatty acids were significantly reduced in the rats with the RBODD treatment (p < 0.05). The results suggest that the tocols rich fraction isolated from RBODD is associated with decreased plasma triglyceride and hepatic free fatty acids concentrations. Further study is needed to investigate the mechanism and optimal dose by which isomers of tocols lower triglyceride concentrations.
文摘Pharmacokinetics and residue elimination of streptomycin sulfate (STR) are important in the determination of optimal dosage regimens and in establishing safe withdrawal periods in farmed fishes. The pharmacokinetics of STR was studied after a single dose (50 mg/kg) of intramuscular (i.m.) or oral gavage (p.o.) administration to Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) in freshwater at 25°C. Eight fish per sampling point were examined after treatment. Plasma and muscle were collected and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with 0.05 μg/ml detection limit. The data of pharmacokinetics conformed to the two-compartment open model for intramuscular and one-compartment open model for oral administrations. After intramuscular administration, the elimination half-life (t1/2β) was calculated to be 11.346 h, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) to be 29.524 μg/ml, the time to peak plasma streptomycin concentration (Tmax) to be 0.218 h, and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) to be 90.206 μg/ml?h. Following p.o. administration, the corresponding estimates were 13.239 h, 0.346 μg/ml, 11.960 h, and 12.356 μg/ml?h. After intramuscular administration, a therapeutic concentration of the drug was maintained for 12 hours in the plasma, however, a therapeutic level could not be achieved after oral administration, and the results suggest that the drug can be used clinically by intramuscular administration against streptomycin susceptible systemic infections in Japanese eel.
