科学与技术是两种不同的制度模式,前者属于科学共和国"Republic of Science",后者属于技术王国"Realm of Technology",两者具有天生的互补性。开放科学作为一种非市场化的激励制度,提出一套基于优先权的报酬体制,...科学与技术是两种不同的制度模式,前者属于科学共和国"Republic of Science",后者属于技术王国"Realm of Technology",两者具有天生的互补性。开放科学作为一种非市场化的激励制度,提出一套基于优先权的报酬体制,强调在知识产权保护前提下追求创新知识社会福利的最大化,对于催生高质量的研究和创新(Research&Innovation)至关重要。本文在阐述开放科学起源、发展与理论内涵的基础上,重点从公共资助、累积创新、知识产权保护和知识分工四个方面,深入探究了开放科学建构的制度逻辑。展开更多
The open logic is defined by model theory which can be viewed as a process-based nonmonotonic logic. Some new notions and results of open logic are introduced. The relation of open logic to circumscription is studied,...The open logic is defined by model theory which can be viewed as a process-based nonmonotonic logic. Some new notions and results of open logic are introduced. The relation of open logic to circumscription is studied, and the relationship between open logic and other nonmonotonic logics is pointed out as well.展开更多
Open logic （OL） is a noticeable logic theory dealing with the description of knowledge growth and updating, as well as the evolution of hypothesis. Up to now, however, many problems related to the proof theoretical ...Open logic （OL） is a noticeable logic theory dealing with the description of knowledge growth and updating, as well as the evolution of hypothesis. Up to now, however, many problems related to the proof theoretical approach of OL remain to be explored. In this paper, the typical proof theoretical problems for OL are described and the concept of open proof is defined. Two major conclusions are as follows： （i） For the consistent OL systems, the open proof problem is semi-decidable （a decision algorithm is presented）. （ii） For general （normal, not necessarily consistent） OL systems, the open proof problem is not semi-decidable.展开更多
In this paper, a novel ATMS-based knowledge base maintenance system is proposed. Itenhances functions of the tranditional knowledge base maintenance systems as it is a multiple con-text, open and non-monotonic system,...In this paper, a novel ATMS-based knowledge base maintenance system is proposed. Itenhances functions of the tranditional knowledge base maintenance systems as it is a multiple con-text, open and non-monotonic system, and possesses capacities of describing and characterizingknowledge increment, knowledge update and scientific discoveries. The relation of the open logicand this system is also discussed. Both of them aim at the computer simulation of higher mentalprocesses on theoretical foundation and implementation展开更多
The problem of uniqueness of reconstruction in open logic is dealt with by introducing the concept of total ordered partitions, an ordering structure for modeling belief degrees of knowledge, and redefining the recons...The problem of uniqueness of reconstruction in open logic is dealt with by introducing the concept of total ordered partitions, an ordering structure for modeling belief degrees of knowledge, and redefining the reconstruction operation. Based on the resulting definition, a nontrivial condition for the convergency of cognitive processes is given. It is shown that if new knowledge is not always accepted with an extremely skeptical attitude and the changes of belief degrees follow the criterion of minimal changes, the cognitive process will converge. The results provide an approach to unifying two kinds of theories for knowledge base maintenance: belief revision and open logic.展开更多
A comparative study between the theories of default reasoning and open logic is given.Some concepts of open logic,such as new premises,rejections by facts,reconstructions,epistemic processes, and its limit are introdu...A comparative study between the theories of default reasoning and open logic is given.Some concepts of open logic,such as new premises,rejections by facts,reconstructions,epistemic processes, and its limit are introduced to describe the evolution of hypotheses.An improved version of the limit the- orem is given and proved.A model-theoretic interpretation of the closed normal defaults is given using the above concepts and the corresponding completeness is proved.Any extension of a closed normal default theory is proved to be the limit of a δ-partial increasing epistemic process of that theory,and vice versa.It Ls proved that there exist two distinct extensions of a closed normal default theory iff there is an δ-non-monotonic epistemic process of that theory.The completeness of Reiter's proof is also given and proved,in terms of the epistemic processes.Finally,the work is compared with G(?)rdenfors's theory of knowledge in flux.展开更多
文摘科学与技术是两种不同的制度模式,前者属于科学共和国"Republic of Science",后者属于技术王国"Realm of Technology",两者具有天生的互补性。开放科学作为一种非市场化的激励制度,提出一套基于优先权的报酬体制,强调在知识产权保护前提下追求创新知识社会福利的最大化,对于催生高质量的研究和创新(Research&Innovation)至关重要。本文在阐述开放科学起源、发展与理论内涵的基础上,重点从公共资助、累积创新、知识产权保护和知识分工四个方面,深入探究了开放科学建构的制度逻辑。
基金Project partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 69673045)National High-Tech Project and National Climbing Program of Fundamental Research
文摘The open logic is defined by model theory which can be viewed as a process-based nonmonotonic logic. Some new notions and results of open logic are introduced. The relation of open logic to circumscription is studied, and the relationship between open logic and other nonmonotonic logics is pointed out as well.
文摘Open logic （OL） is a noticeable logic theory dealing with the description of knowledge growth and updating, as well as the evolution of hypothesis. Up to now, however, many problems related to the proof theoretical approach of OL remain to be explored. In this paper, the typical proof theoretical problems for OL are described and the concept of open proof is defined. Two major conclusions are as follows： （i） For the consistent OL systems, the open proof problem is semi-decidable （a decision algorithm is presented）. （ii） For general （normal, not necessarily consistent） OL systems, the open proof problem is not semi-decidable.
文摘In this paper, a novel ATMS-based knowledge base maintenance system is proposed. Itenhances functions of the tranditional knowledge base maintenance systems as it is a multiple con-text, open and non-monotonic system, and possesses capacities of describing and characterizingknowledge increment, knowledge update and scientific discoveries. The relation of the open logicand this system is also discussed. Both of them aim at the computer simulation of higher mentalprocesses on theoretical foundation and implementation
文摘The problem of uniqueness of reconstruction in open logic is dealt with by introducing the concept of total ordered partitions, an ordering structure for modeling belief degrees of knowledge, and redefining the reconstruction operation. Based on the resulting definition, a nontrivial condition for the convergency of cognitive processes is given. It is shown that if new knowledge is not always accepted with an extremely skeptical attitude and the changes of belief degrees follow the criterion of minimal changes, the cognitive process will converge. The results provide an approach to unifying two kinds of theories for knowledge base maintenance: belief revision and open logic.
文摘A comparative study between the theories of default reasoning and open logic is given.Some concepts of open logic,such as new premises,rejections by facts,reconstructions,epistemic processes, and its limit are introduced to describe the evolution of hypotheses.An improved version of the limit the- orem is given and proved.A model-theoretic interpretation of the closed normal defaults is given using the above concepts and the corresponding completeness is proved.Any extension of a closed normal default theory is proved to be the limit of a δ-partial increasing epistemic process of that theory,and vice versa.It Ls proved that there exist two distinct extensions of a closed normal default theory iff there is an δ-non-monotonic epistemic process of that theory.The completeness of Reiter's proof is also given and proved,in terms of the epistemic processes.Finally,the work is compared with G(?)rdenfors's theory of knowledge in flux.
