Context: In Burkina Faso, there is only one retinoblastoma treatment center located in the capital. Nowadays, the treatment of retinoblastoma has benefited from the contribution of scientific progress. Objective: The ...Context: In Burkina Faso, there is only one retinoblastoma treatment center located in the capital. Nowadays, the treatment of retinoblastoma has benefited from the contribution of scientific progress. Objective: The aim was to take stock of the situation of retinoblastoma in the pediatric oncology department from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection over a 10-year period, based on records of patients admitted to pediatric oncology department of CHU-YO. Data were analysed using CS Pro version 7.2 software. Categorical variables were compared using Pearsons Chi-square test at the 5% significance level. Overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Operational definitions were used for lost to follow-up, consultation and diagnosis delays. Results: We collected a total of 204 cases in 10 years, i.e. an annual average of 20.4 cases/year. The mean age at diagnosis was 37.5 months for unilateral cases and 26.4 months for bilateral cases. Male predominance was noted, with a sex ratio of 1.31. The majority of patients came from disadvantaged backgrounds (72% farming fathers and 91% housewives). Clinically, leukocoria and exophthalmos were the main presenting features. The average time to consultation was long (8.73 months) and unilateral localization was predominantly unilateral at 77%. In terms of treatment, 102 patients were eligible for curative treatment and 80 for palliative treatment. The prognosis was poor, with 41% death and numerous cases of lost to follow-up (18%). Overall survival was estimated at 32%. The factor associated with the lethality of retiniblastoma was the extension of the tumor to other organs. Conclusion: Recognition of the early clinical signs of retinoblastoma can anticipate the occurrence of this cancer. Health professionals should be encouraged to perform the Buckner test every time they come into contact with children aged 0 to 5, and the public should be encouraged to exam展开更多
目的 分析结直肠癌经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)的患者的临床资料,探讨NOSES的安全性和肿瘤学预后。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2023年7月浙江省肿瘤医院收治的51例接受NOSES的结直肠癌患者的临床资料,分析手术相关指标、术后并发症情况...目的 分析结直肠癌经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)的患者的临床资料,探讨NOSES的安全性和肿瘤学预后。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2023年7月浙江省肿瘤医院收治的51例接受NOSES的结直肠癌患者的临床资料,分析手术相关指标、术后并发症情况、术后病理结果和术后随访情况,并进行生存分析。结果 51例患者中,术中出血量<100 mL34例(66.7%),术中出血量≥100 mL17例(33.3%);手术时间(185.5±74.3) min;淋巴结获取数量(16.8±7.7)枚;肿瘤距肛缘距离<5 cm 36例(70.6%),肿瘤距肛缘距离≥5 cm 15例(29.4%);病灶直径<5 cm 46例(90.2%),病灶直径≥5 cm 5例(9.8%);NOSES术式为外翻切除式11例(21.6%),拖出切除式23例(45.1%),切除拖出式17例(33.3%);经直肠取出标本46例(90.2%),经阴道取出标本5例(9.8%);术中行回肠保护性造口术7例(13.7%);术后肛门首次排气时间3(3,7)d,术后首次进食半流质饮食时间7(5,8)d,术后住院时间10(8,11)d。术后发生吻合口漏1例(2%),保守治疗后愈合良好;吻合口出血1例(2%);肠梗阻2例(3.9%),均为不完全性肠梗阻,保守治疗后病情缓解;腹盆腔感染3例(5.9%),尿路感染1例(2%),无腹盆腔出血、脓毒血症、肺部感染和非计划二次手术。术后病理T分期,T_0期3例、T_1期9例、T_2期17例、T_3期11例、T_4期11例;N分期,N0期39例、N1期11例、N2期1例;TNM分期,0期3例、Ⅰ期20例、Ⅱ期15例、Ⅲ期11例、Ⅳ期2例;分化程度,中高分化45例,低分化、未分化6例;2例有癌结节;11例有脉管侵犯;7例有神经侵犯。随访截至2023年8月,中位随访时间58 (1,76)个月,无失访患者。随访期间3例患者发生复发转移(其中2例术前已发生远处转移,同期行根治性手术,分别于术后12个月、24个月出现肝脏复发;另1例术后病理TNM分期为Ⅱa期,存在脉管神经侵犯,术后27个月出现肺部复发),1例患者死亡(该患者术前已发生远处转移,同期切除原发灶和转移灶)。对所有患者进�展开更多
程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1),又称B7-H1,是免疫反应中极其重要的协同刺激分子。PD-L1在心、肝、肾、肺等多个器官上皮细胞和内皮细胞中广泛表达,肿瘤发生时机体内的肿瘤微环境会使得浸润性T细胞高表达程序性死...程序性死亡配体-1(programmed death ligand 1,PD-L1),又称B7-H1,是免疫反应中极其重要的协同刺激分子。PD-L1在心、肝、肾、肺等多个器官上皮细胞和内皮细胞中广泛表达,肿瘤发生时机体内的肿瘤微环境会使得浸润性T细胞高表达程序性死亡-1受体(pro-grammed death-1,PD-1),同时肿瘤细胞中PD-L1的编导上调,与PD-1受体相结合,导致肿瘤微环境中PD-1/PD-L1通路持续开放,进而导致T细胞凋亡,肿瘤细胞则逃脱机体的免疫监视,发生肿瘤免疫逃逸。肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(tumor infiltrating lymphocytes,TIL)被认为是反应宿主对抗实体肿瘤的主要免疫机制。全文就PD-L1和TIL的表达与妇科肿瘤预后相关性进行综述。展开更多
Prostate cancer is affecting a higher proportion of male population. Health Related Quality of Life assessment can guide the development of an interdisciplinary and patient-centered care intervention. This study is ai...Prostate cancer is affecting a higher proportion of male population. Health Related Quality of Life assessment can guide the development of an interdisciplinary and patient-centered care intervention. This study is aimed to assess Health Related Quality of Life in prostate cancer patients. Relationships between socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and patient-reported outcomes have been considered. Consecutive outpatients with prostate cancer, admitted at the Urology Clinic of the Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, were studied (n = 300). Health Related Quality of Life was assessed as part of the routine practice. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer general questionnaire, QLQ-C30, and its specific module for prostate cancer patients, QLQ-PR25, were used. Evolution along time (elapsed since diagnosis, and up to 5 years) was considered in order to search for a prognosis prediction in prostate cancer patients. This study confirms the feasibility of a systematic Health Related Quality of Life assessment. Global Health Related Quality of Life was found to be higher 6 months after diagnosis, decreasing then until the second year after diagnosis and improving thereafter. A peak with better scores was identified at the fifth year after diagnosis. Social and physical dimensions revealed a similar pattern. Clinical significance was found 6 months and 5 years after diagnosis. The prospective analysis of Health Related Quality of Life changes is able to explore the patients’ outcomes in order to find patterns and relationships for prognosis prediction along the disease course. Such approach might promote patient confidence and thus a better cancer experience.展开更多
BACKGROUND Due to the prolonged life expectancy and increased risk of colorectal cancer(CRC)among patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,the prognosis and pathological features of CRC in HIV-positive...BACKGROUND Due to the prolonged life expectancy and increased risk of colorectal cancer(CRC)among patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,the prognosis and pathological features of CRC in HIV-positive patients require examination.AIM To compare the differences in oncological features,surgical safety,and prognosis between patients with and without HIV infection who have CRC at the same tumor stage and site.METHODS In this retrospective study,we collected data from HIV-positive and-negative patients who underwent radical resection for CRC.Using random stratified sampling,24 HIV-positive and 363 HIV-negative patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma after radical resection were selected.Using propensity score matching,we selected 72 patients,matched 1:2(HIV-positive:negative=24:48).Differences in basic characteristics,HIV acquisition,perioperative serological indicators,surgical safety,oncological features,and long-term prognosis were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Fewer patients with HIV infection underwent chemotherapy compared to patients without.HIV-positive patients had fewer preoperative and postoperative leukocytes,fewer preoperative lymphocytes,lower carcinoembryonic antigen levels,more intraoperative blood loss,more metastatic lymph nodes,higher node stage,higher tumor node metastasis stage,shorter overall survival,and shorter progression-free survival compared to patients who were HIV-negative.CONCLUSION Compared with CRC patients who are HIV-negative,patients with HIV infection have more metastatic lymph nodes and worse long-term survival after surgery.Standard treatment options for HIV-positive patients with CRC should be explored.展开更多
文摘Context: In Burkina Faso, there is only one retinoblastoma treatment center located in the capital. Nowadays, the treatment of retinoblastoma has benefited from the contribution of scientific progress. Objective: The aim was to take stock of the situation of retinoblastoma in the pediatric oncology department from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection over a 10-year period, based on records of patients admitted to pediatric oncology department of CHU-YO. Data were analysed using CS Pro version 7.2 software. Categorical variables were compared using Pearsons Chi-square test at the 5% significance level. Overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Operational definitions were used for lost to follow-up, consultation and diagnosis delays. Results: We collected a total of 204 cases in 10 years, i.e. an annual average of 20.4 cases/year. The mean age at diagnosis was 37.5 months for unilateral cases and 26.4 months for bilateral cases. Male predominance was noted, with a sex ratio of 1.31. The majority of patients came from disadvantaged backgrounds (72% farming fathers and 91% housewives). Clinically, leukocoria and exophthalmos were the main presenting features. The average time to consultation was long (8.73 months) and unilateral localization was predominantly unilateral at 77%. In terms of treatment, 102 patients were eligible for curative treatment and 80 for palliative treatment. The prognosis was poor, with 41% death and numerous cases of lost to follow-up (18%). Overall survival was estimated at 32%. The factor associated with the lethality of retiniblastoma was the extension of the tumor to other organs. Conclusion: Recognition of the early clinical signs of retinoblastoma can anticipate the occurrence of this cancer. Health professionals should be encouraged to perform the Buckner test every time they come into contact with children aged 0 to 5, and the public should be encouraged to exam
文摘目的 分析结直肠癌经自然腔道取标本手术(NOSES)的患者的临床资料,探讨NOSES的安全性和肿瘤学预后。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2023年7月浙江省肿瘤医院收治的51例接受NOSES的结直肠癌患者的临床资料,分析手术相关指标、术后并发症情况、术后病理结果和术后随访情况,并进行生存分析。结果 51例患者中,术中出血量<100 mL34例(66.7%),术中出血量≥100 mL17例(33.3%);手术时间(185.5±74.3) min;淋巴结获取数量(16.8±7.7)枚;肿瘤距肛缘距离<5 cm 36例(70.6%),肿瘤距肛缘距离≥5 cm 15例(29.4%);病灶直径<5 cm 46例(90.2%),病灶直径≥5 cm 5例(9.8%);NOSES术式为外翻切除式11例(21.6%),拖出切除式23例(45.1%),切除拖出式17例(33.3%);经直肠取出标本46例(90.2%),经阴道取出标本5例(9.8%);术中行回肠保护性造口术7例(13.7%);术后肛门首次排气时间3(3,7)d,术后首次进食半流质饮食时间7(5,8)d,术后住院时间10(8,11)d。术后发生吻合口漏1例(2%),保守治疗后愈合良好;吻合口出血1例(2%);肠梗阻2例(3.9%),均为不完全性肠梗阻,保守治疗后病情缓解;腹盆腔感染3例(5.9%),尿路感染1例(2%),无腹盆腔出血、脓毒血症、肺部感染和非计划二次手术。术后病理T分期,T_0期3例、T_1期9例、T_2期17例、T_3期11例、T_4期11例;N分期,N0期39例、N1期11例、N2期1例;TNM分期,0期3例、Ⅰ期20例、Ⅱ期15例、Ⅲ期11例、Ⅳ期2例;分化程度,中高分化45例,低分化、未分化6例;2例有癌结节;11例有脉管侵犯;7例有神经侵犯。随访截至2023年8月,中位随访时间58 (1,76)个月,无失访患者。随访期间3例患者发生复发转移(其中2例术前已发生远处转移,同期行根治性手术,分别于术后12个月、24个月出现肝脏复发;另1例术后病理TNM分期为Ⅱa期,存在脉管神经侵犯,术后27个月出现肺部复发),1例患者死亡(该患者术前已发生远处转移,同期切除原发灶和转移灶)。对所有患者进�
文摘Prostate cancer is affecting a higher proportion of male population. Health Related Quality of Life assessment can guide the development of an interdisciplinary and patient-centered care intervention. This study is aimed to assess Health Related Quality of Life in prostate cancer patients. Relationships between socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and patient-reported outcomes have been considered. Consecutive outpatients with prostate cancer, admitted at the Urology Clinic of the Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto, were studied (n = 300). Health Related Quality of Life was assessed as part of the routine practice. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer general questionnaire, QLQ-C30, and its specific module for prostate cancer patients, QLQ-PR25, were used. Evolution along time (elapsed since diagnosis, and up to 5 years) was considered in order to search for a prognosis prediction in prostate cancer patients. This study confirms the feasibility of a systematic Health Related Quality of Life assessment. Global Health Related Quality of Life was found to be higher 6 months after diagnosis, decreasing then until the second year after diagnosis and improving thereafter. A peak with better scores was identified at the fifth year after diagnosis. Social and physical dimensions revealed a similar pattern. Clinical significance was found 6 months and 5 years after diagnosis. The prospective analysis of Health Related Quality of Life changes is able to explore the patients’ outcomes in order to find patterns and relationships for prognosis prediction along the disease course. Such approach might promote patient confidence and thus a better cancer experience.
基金Supported by General Plan of the Future Medical Youth Innovation Team Development Support Plan of Chongqing Medical University,No.03030299QC-W0007.
文摘BACKGROUND Due to the prolonged life expectancy and increased risk of colorectal cancer(CRC)among patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,the prognosis and pathological features of CRC in HIV-positive patients require examination.AIM To compare the differences in oncological features,surgical safety,and prognosis between patients with and without HIV infection who have CRC at the same tumor stage and site.METHODS In this retrospective study,we collected data from HIV-positive and-negative patients who underwent radical resection for CRC.Using random stratified sampling,24 HIV-positive and 363 HIV-negative patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma after radical resection were selected.Using propensity score matching,we selected 72 patients,matched 1:2(HIV-positive:negative=24:48).Differences in basic characteristics,HIV acquisition,perioperative serological indicators,surgical safety,oncological features,and long-term prognosis were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Fewer patients with HIV infection underwent chemotherapy compared to patients without.HIV-positive patients had fewer preoperative and postoperative leukocytes,fewer preoperative lymphocytes,lower carcinoembryonic antigen levels,more intraoperative blood loss,more metastatic lymph nodes,higher node stage,higher tumor node metastasis stage,shorter overall survival,and shorter progression-free survival compared to patients who were HIV-negative.CONCLUSION Compared with CRC patients who are HIV-negative,patients with HIV infection have more metastatic lymph nodes and worse long-term survival after surgery.Standard treatment options for HIV-positive patients with CRC should be explored.
