This study focuses on the effect of the total serum protein(TSP)concentrations at 3 days after birth on the health and growth parameters of preweaned female Holstein Friesian calves.A total of 165 female calves were e...This study focuses on the effect of the total serum protein(TSP)concentrations at 3 days after birth on the health and growth parameters of preweaned female Holstein Friesian calves.A total of 165 female calves were enrolled and evaluated for morbidity which included diarrhea(D),respiratory disease(Rd)and omphalitis(O).Also,calves with more than one disorder in the same time were recorded as multi-morbid.Body weight(BW)was determined at birth,30 and 60 days of age.Blood samples were taken at 3 days after birth and TSP was determined using a digital Brix refractometer.For statistical analysis all female calves based on TSP concentration were grouped into 3 categories:1-TSP≥6.2 g/dL,2-TSP 5.8-6.1 g/dL,and 3-TSP<5.8 g/dL.Overall,the average of TSP concentration was 6.38 g/dL.The prevalence of diarrhea,respiratory disease(Rd)and omphalitis(O)was 16.96%,7.88%and 4.85%respectively,in calves with one disorder and 6.06%in calves with D+Rd,3.64%in calves with Rd+O,3.03%in calves with O+D,and 3.64%in calves with D+Rd+O.As the TSP concentration in calves decreased from≥6.2 g/dL to<5.8 g/dL the calf hood disorders increased in female calves with one disorder and with more than one disorder.The female calves with fair to poor immunity(category 3-TSP<5.8 g/dL)were significantly more likely(OR 6.28,95%CI 2.91-13.5,p value<0.001)to be affected by diseases compared with female calves with excellent immunity(category 1-TSP≥6.2 g/dL).Also BW and average daily gain(ADG)at 30 and 62 days of life decreased as TSP concentrations decreased.The female calves with TSP≥6.2 g/dL at 3 days of life had the greatest BW at 30 and 62 days of age(51.8 kg and 77.1 kg respectively)compared with female calves with TSP<5.8 g/dL at 3 days of life(46.6 and 70.6 kg respectively).Moreover,starter feed intake during the first 30 days of life,31 to 62 days of life and 1 to 62 days of life was greater in female calves with excellent immunity(TSP≥6.2 g/dL)than female calves with good immunity(TSP 5.8-6.1 g/dL)or with fair to poor immunity(<5.8 g/dL展开更多
Background: Omphalitis (umbilical cord infection) among new-borns is common and a major cause of neonatal deaths in developing countries. Annually about 4 million neonatal deaths occur around the world;of these, more ...Background: Omphalitis (umbilical cord infection) among new-borns is common and a major cause of neonatal deaths in developing countries. Annually about 4 million neonatal deaths occur around the world;of these, more than 30% are caused by infections. Majority of these infections start as umbilical cord infection. Objective: The aim of the present study was to establish cord care practices associated with omphalitis among neonates aged 3-28 days at Pumwani Maternity Hospital, Kenya. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive study was employed among 178 mothers with neonates of 3-28 days. Participants were selected systematically and data was collected on new-born cord care practices. Omphalitis was defined as pus discharge, redness with or without pus and swelling of umbilical cord. Pearson’s chi-square test (P < 0.05) was performed to compare the significant discrepancies. Crude and adjusted odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence interval were also used to determine the strength of association between omphalitis and cord care practices. Results: Among 178 neonates, 67 (37.6%) were diagnosed with omphalitis. In logistic regression analysis, the main predictors of omphalitis were initiation of breastfeeding after one hour of delivery [AOR = 2.47;95%CI = 1.15 - 5.30;P < 0.05] compared to within one hour and application of saliva to the cord [AOR = 6.59;95%CI = 2.02 - 21.46;P < 0.01] compared to dry cord. Conclusion: The prevalence of omphalitis among neonates was high. Health workers need to participate in educating the mothers to initiate breastfeeding within one hour and to avoid application of harmful cord care practices.展开更多
目的:比较应用WHO倡导的脐带残端暴露干燥法(Dry and Clean)与目前临床应用75%酒精消毒脐带及脐周两种不同的出生后脐带日常护理方式对脐带脱落及新生儿影响,发现最有证据的临床护理方式。方法:前瞻性临床随机对照试验,各组接产时无菌...目的:比较应用WHO倡导的脐带残端暴露干燥法(Dry and Clean)与目前临床应用75%酒精消毒脐带及脐周两种不同的出生后脐带日常护理方式对脐带脱落及新生儿影响,发现最有证据的临床护理方式。方法:前瞻性临床随机对照试验,各组接产时无菌结扎脐带方法相同。足月新生儿无并发症者随机分配到试验组和对照组,两组均在生后24 h打开脐带残端包扎纱布,试验组181例淋浴后用清洁毛巾拭干,不应用酒清消毒,对照组102例按传统护理常规,脐周应用75%酒精消毒。两组均不再用纱布包扎脐带残端,用清洁宽大衣服包被。观察记录各组新生儿一般情况和脐带脱落时间、脐周并发症等,每周五采集出生第3天新生儿的脐周皮肤细菌培养标本,比较两组间菌群差异。结果:两组脐带脱落时间分别为(7.64±3.29)d和(8.50±3.45)d,对比无统计学意义(t=1.82,P>0.05)两组脐周渗液发红分别为6例和2例,无统计学差异(χ2=0.034,P>0.05),全部新生儿脐带均安全脱落,未出现脐炎和体温升高。两组间细菌培养菌群分布总体无统计学差异。结论:应用酒精消毒脐周皮肤的作用值得质疑。本研究不支持应用酒精消毒脐周有预防感染的作用。WH0的"清洁干燥法"是安全的。展开更多
文摘This study focuses on the effect of the total serum protein(TSP)concentrations at 3 days after birth on the health and growth parameters of preweaned female Holstein Friesian calves.A total of 165 female calves were enrolled and evaluated for morbidity which included diarrhea(D),respiratory disease(Rd)and omphalitis(O).Also,calves with more than one disorder in the same time were recorded as multi-morbid.Body weight(BW)was determined at birth,30 and 60 days of age.Blood samples were taken at 3 days after birth and TSP was determined using a digital Brix refractometer.For statistical analysis all female calves based on TSP concentration were grouped into 3 categories:1-TSP≥6.2 g/dL,2-TSP 5.8-6.1 g/dL,and 3-TSP<5.8 g/dL.Overall,the average of TSP concentration was 6.38 g/dL.The prevalence of diarrhea,respiratory disease(Rd)and omphalitis(O)was 16.96%,7.88%and 4.85%respectively,in calves with one disorder and 6.06%in calves with D+Rd,3.64%in calves with Rd+O,3.03%in calves with O+D,and 3.64%in calves with D+Rd+O.As the TSP concentration in calves decreased from≥6.2 g/dL to<5.8 g/dL the calf hood disorders increased in female calves with one disorder and with more than one disorder.The female calves with fair to poor immunity(category 3-TSP<5.8 g/dL)were significantly more likely(OR 6.28,95%CI 2.91-13.5,p value<0.001)to be affected by diseases compared with female calves with excellent immunity(category 1-TSP≥6.2 g/dL).Also BW and average daily gain(ADG)at 30 and 62 days of life decreased as TSP concentrations decreased.The female calves with TSP≥6.2 g/dL at 3 days of life had the greatest BW at 30 and 62 days of age(51.8 kg and 77.1 kg respectively)compared with female calves with TSP<5.8 g/dL at 3 days of life(46.6 and 70.6 kg respectively).Moreover,starter feed intake during the first 30 days of life,31 to 62 days of life and 1 to 62 days of life was greater in female calves with excellent immunity(TSP≥6.2 g/dL)than female calves with good immunity(TSP 5.8-6.1 g/dL)or with fair to poor immunity(<5.8 g/dL
文摘Background: Omphalitis (umbilical cord infection) among new-borns is common and a major cause of neonatal deaths in developing countries. Annually about 4 million neonatal deaths occur around the world;of these, more than 30% are caused by infections. Majority of these infections start as umbilical cord infection. Objective: The aim of the present study was to establish cord care practices associated with omphalitis among neonates aged 3-28 days at Pumwani Maternity Hospital, Kenya. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive study was employed among 178 mothers with neonates of 3-28 days. Participants were selected systematically and data was collected on new-born cord care practices. Omphalitis was defined as pus discharge, redness with or without pus and swelling of umbilical cord. Pearson’s chi-square test (P < 0.05) was performed to compare the significant discrepancies. Crude and adjusted odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence interval were also used to determine the strength of association between omphalitis and cord care practices. Results: Among 178 neonates, 67 (37.6%) were diagnosed with omphalitis. In logistic regression analysis, the main predictors of omphalitis were initiation of breastfeeding after one hour of delivery [AOR = 2.47;95%CI = 1.15 - 5.30;P < 0.05] compared to within one hour and application of saliva to the cord [AOR = 6.59;95%CI = 2.02 - 21.46;P < 0.01] compared to dry cord. Conclusion: The prevalence of omphalitis among neonates was high. Health workers need to participate in educating the mothers to initiate breastfeeding within one hour and to avoid application of harmful cord care practices.
文摘目的:比较应用WHO倡导的脐带残端暴露干燥法(Dry and Clean)与目前临床应用75%酒精消毒脐带及脐周两种不同的出生后脐带日常护理方式对脐带脱落及新生儿影响,发现最有证据的临床护理方式。方法:前瞻性临床随机对照试验,各组接产时无菌结扎脐带方法相同。足月新生儿无并发症者随机分配到试验组和对照组,两组均在生后24 h打开脐带残端包扎纱布,试验组181例淋浴后用清洁毛巾拭干,不应用酒清消毒,对照组102例按传统护理常规,脐周应用75%酒精消毒。两组均不再用纱布包扎脐带残端,用清洁宽大衣服包被。观察记录各组新生儿一般情况和脐带脱落时间、脐周并发症等,每周五采集出生第3天新生儿的脐周皮肤细菌培养标本,比较两组间菌群差异。结果:两组脐带脱落时间分别为(7.64±3.29)d和(8.50±3.45)d,对比无统计学意义(t=1.82,P>0.05)两组脐周渗液发红分别为6例和2例,无统计学差异(χ2=0.034,P>0.05),全部新生儿脐带均安全脱落,未出现脐炎和体温升高。两组间细菌培养菌群分布总体无统计学差异。结论:应用酒精消毒脐周皮肤的作用值得质疑。本研究不支持应用酒精消毒脐周有预防感染的作用。WH0的"清洁干燥法"是安全的。
