Based on the accurate experimental data of energy-level differences in hydrogen-like atoms, especially the 1S 2S transitions of hydrogen and deuterium, the necessity of introducing a reduced Dirac equation with reduce...Based on the accurate experimental data of energy-level differences in hydrogen-like atoms, especially the 1S 2S transitions of hydrogen and deuterium, the necessity of introducing a reduced Dirac equation with reduced mass as the substitution of original electron mass is stressed. Based on new cognition about the essence of special relativity, we provide a reasonable argument for the reduced Dirac equation to have two symmetries, the invariance under the （newly defined） space-time inversion and that under the pure space inversion, in a noninertial frame. By using the reduced Dirac equation and within the framework of quantum electrodynamics in covariant form, the Lamb shift can be evaluated （at one-loop level） as the radiative correction on a bound electron staying in an off-mass-shell state^a new approach eliminating the infrared divergence. Hence the whole calculation, though with limited accuracy, is simplified, getting rid of all divergences and free of ambiguity.展开更多
文摘Based on the accurate experimental data of energy-level differences in hydrogen-like atoms, especially the 1S 2S transitions of hydrogen and deuterium, the necessity of introducing a reduced Dirac equation with reduced mass as the substitution of original electron mass is stressed. Based on new cognition about the essence of special relativity, we provide a reasonable argument for the reduced Dirac equation to have two symmetries, the invariance under the （newly defined） space-time inversion and that under the pure space inversion, in a noninertial frame. By using the reduced Dirac equation and within the framework of quantum electrodynamics in covariant form, the Lamb shift can be evaluated （at one-loop level） as the radiative correction on a bound electron staying in an off-mass-shell state^a new approach eliminating the infrared divergence. Hence the whole calculation, though with limited accuracy, is simplified, getting rid of all divergences and free of ambiguity.
