采用改进的体外发酵产气技术评价8种不同燕麦品种秸秆的体外产气特性,分析并讨论不同品种燕麦秸秆发酵动力学参数的差异及其与营养成分之间的相关关系。结果表明,不同品种燕麦秸秆发酵动力学参数存在显著差异(P<0.05)。理论最大产气...采用改进的体外发酵产气技术评价8种不同燕麦品种秸秆的体外产气特性,分析并讨论不同品种燕麦秸秆发酵动力学参数的差异及其与营养成分之间的相关关系。结果表明,不同品种燕麦秸秆发酵动力学参数存在显著差异(P<0.05)。理论最大产气量(A)和产气速率(b)以B a iY an N o.4最高,极显著高于F 004和M eng Y an H-8631(P<0.01),A显著高于Y ou Y an N o.1(P<0.05);发酵延滞时间以B a iY an N o.4最短,而以M engY anH-8 6 3 1最长;ZaoY anN o.2和F 0 0 1的发酵液pH值显著高于0 7 0 4 6-1 8-1-2-3和B etty-1的;其他燕麦秸秆间差异不显著。相关分析表明,12、24、48 h产气量及产气速率(b)与中性洗涤可溶物减去灰分(NDS-A sh)及中性洗涤可溶物减去灰分后再减去粗蛋白质(NDS-A sh-CP)含量呈显著正相关,而与中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量呈显著负相关;理论最大产气量(A)仅与NDS-A sh及NDF-A sh-CP含量呈显著(P<0.05)正相关关系;而发酵延滞时间(LAG)则与中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量呈显著正相关,而与NDS-A sh及NDF-A sh-CP含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。燕麦秸秆中的NDF及NDF-A sh-CP含量是影响燕麦秸秆发酵产气特性的主要因素。展开更多
以生物质燕麦秸秆粉为还原剂,在硫酸条件下酸浸回收废旧锂电池中的Co,并对其浸出过程进行动力学研究。结果表明:0~20 min酸浸Co的过程为反应核收缩模型,表观活化能为27.5 k J/mol;30~150 min(低于80℃)Co的浸出过程也符合反应核收缩模型...以生物质燕麦秸秆粉为还原剂,在硫酸条件下酸浸回收废旧锂电池中的Co,并对其浸出过程进行动力学研究。结果表明:0~20 min酸浸Co的过程为反应核收缩模型,表观活化能为27.5 k J/mol;30~150 min(低于80℃)Co的浸出过程也符合反应核收缩模型,表观活化能为28.32 k J/mol,受扩散和化学反应混合控制,其中又以化学反应控制为主。在液固比为10 m L/g,单位质量电池渣所用麦秆粉量0.7 g、硫酸浓度2 mol/L、温度90℃、反应时间2 h的条件下,电池粉中Co的浸出率达到99%以上。展开更多
Agricultural biomass residue such as barley,canola,oat and wheat straw has the potential to be used for sustainable production of bio-fuels and offset greenhouse gas emissions.The biomass substrate must be processed a...Agricultural biomass residue such as barley,canola,oat and wheat straw has the potential to be used for sustainable production of bio-fuels and offset greenhouse gas emissions.The biomass substrate must be processed and handled in an efficient manner in order to reduce industry’s operational cost as well as meet the requirement of raw material for biofuel production.Biomass has low bulk density,making it difficult and costly to store and transport in its native loose form.Therefore,in this study,an integrated approach to densification of non-treated and steam exploded barley,canola,oat and wheat straw was developed.During this process,the significance of major contributing factors(independent variables such as biomass type,treatment,pressure and grind size)on pellet density,durability and specific energy were determined.It has been found that applied pressure(60.4%)was the most significant factor affecting pellet density followed by the application of steam explosion pre-treatment(39.4%)for lab-scale single pelleting experiments.Similarly,the type of biomass(47.1%)is the most significant factor affecting durability followed by the application of pre-treatment(38.2%)and grind size(14.6%)for pellets manufactured using the pilot-scale pellet mill.Also,applied pressure(58.3%)was the most significant factor affecting specific energy required to manufacture pellets followed by the biomass(15.3%),pre-treatment(13.3%)and grind size(13.2%),which had lower but similar effect on specific energy for lab-scale single pelleting experiments.Overall energy analysis of post-harvest processing and densification of agricultural straw was performed,which showed that a significant portion of original agricultural biomass energy(89%-94%)is available for the production of biofuels.Almost,similar amount of specific energy is required to produce pellets from barley,canola,oat and wheat straw grinds.Customized pellets having steam exploded straw required more energy to manufacture resulting in availability of only 89%of total energy for展开更多
文摘采用改进的体外发酵产气技术评价8种不同燕麦品种秸秆的体外产气特性,分析并讨论不同品种燕麦秸秆发酵动力学参数的差异及其与营养成分之间的相关关系。结果表明,不同品种燕麦秸秆发酵动力学参数存在显著差异(P<0.05)。理论最大产气量(A)和产气速率(b)以B a iY an N o.4最高,极显著高于F 004和M eng Y an H-8631(P<0.01),A显著高于Y ou Y an N o.1(P<0.05);发酵延滞时间以B a iY an N o.4最短,而以M engY anH-8 6 3 1最长;ZaoY anN o.2和F 0 0 1的发酵液pH值显著高于0 7 0 4 6-1 8-1-2-3和B etty-1的;其他燕麦秸秆间差异不显著。相关分析表明,12、24、48 h产气量及产气速率(b)与中性洗涤可溶物减去灰分(NDS-A sh)及中性洗涤可溶物减去灰分后再减去粗蛋白质(NDS-A sh-CP)含量呈显著正相关,而与中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量呈显著负相关;理论最大产气量(A)仅与NDS-A sh及NDF-A sh-CP含量呈显著(P<0.05)正相关关系;而发酵延滞时间(LAG)则与中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量呈显著正相关,而与NDS-A sh及NDF-A sh-CP含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。燕麦秸秆中的NDF及NDF-A sh-CP含量是影响燕麦秸秆发酵产气特性的主要因素。
文摘以生物质燕麦秸秆粉为还原剂,在硫酸条件下酸浸回收废旧锂电池中的Co,并对其浸出过程进行动力学研究。结果表明:0~20 min酸浸Co的过程为反应核收缩模型,表观活化能为27.5 k J/mol;30~150 min(低于80℃)Co的浸出过程也符合反应核收缩模型,表观活化能为28.32 k J/mol,受扩散和化学反应混合控制,其中又以化学反应控制为主。在液固比为10 m L/g,单位质量电池渣所用麦秆粉量0.7 g、硫酸浓度2 mol/L、温度90℃、反应时间2 h的条件下,电池粉中Co的浸出率达到99%以上。
文摘Agricultural biomass residue such as barley,canola,oat and wheat straw has the potential to be used for sustainable production of bio-fuels and offset greenhouse gas emissions.The biomass substrate must be processed and handled in an efficient manner in order to reduce industry’s operational cost as well as meet the requirement of raw material for biofuel production.Biomass has low bulk density,making it difficult and costly to store and transport in its native loose form.Therefore,in this study,an integrated approach to densification of non-treated and steam exploded barley,canola,oat and wheat straw was developed.During this process,the significance of major contributing factors(independent variables such as biomass type,treatment,pressure and grind size)on pellet density,durability and specific energy were determined.It has been found that applied pressure(60.4%)was the most significant factor affecting pellet density followed by the application of steam explosion pre-treatment(39.4%)for lab-scale single pelleting experiments.Similarly,the type of biomass(47.1%)is the most significant factor affecting durability followed by the application of pre-treatment(38.2%)and grind size(14.6%)for pellets manufactured using the pilot-scale pellet mill.Also,applied pressure(58.3%)was the most significant factor affecting specific energy required to manufacture pellets followed by the biomass(15.3%),pre-treatment(13.3%)and grind size(13.2%),which had lower but similar effect on specific energy for lab-scale single pelleting experiments.Overall energy analysis of post-harvest processing and densification of agricultural straw was performed,which showed that a significant portion of original agricultural biomass energy(89%-94%)is available for the production of biofuels.Almost,similar amount of specific energy is required to produce pellets from barley,canola,oat and wheat straw grinds.Customized pellets having steam exploded straw required more energy to manufacture resulting in availability of only 89%of total energy for
