国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency,IAEA)认为,2014年全球核技术发展主要集中在动力应用、原子数据和核数据、加速器和研究堆应用以及非动力应用这四大领域。本文从上述四个方面,对2014年以来全球在核科学与技术方面...国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency,IAEA)认为,2014年全球核技术发展主要集中在动力应用、原子数据和核数据、加速器和研究堆应用以及非动力应用这四大领域。本文从上述四个方面,对2014年以来全球在核科学与技术方面所取得的主要进展进行概括与阐述。认为全球核能发展暂时仍未能脱离调整阶段,我国科技界和管理部门可重点关注核技术的非动力应用。展开更多
The main aim of investigating activity concentrations together with distribution of radionuclides naturally in soil from Kargi was to evaluate radiological health hazard together with environmental radioactivity. Rese...The main aim of investigating activity concentrations together with distribution of radionuclides naturally in soil from Kargi was to evaluate radiological health hazard together with environmental radioactivity. Research shows radionuclides as one source of exposure due to radiation with detrimental effects health wise for populations found in areas considered high background radiation. After collecting 117 soil samples from the area, analysis was done in order to measure their natural radioactivities due to <sup>40</sup>K, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>226</sup>Ra radionuclides. Measurements method of gamma spectrometry employing a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector was employed basically to evaluate the radiological hazard of radioactivities. For <sup>40</sup>K, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>226</sup>Ra, mean calculated activities were 353.19 ± 110.07, 7.98 ± 3.98 and 7.37 ± 2.60 Bq<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg <sup>-1</sup> respectively. Mean values of absorbed and effective dose rates, external and internal hazard indices together with radium equivalent activity were 23.82 ± 6.59 nGy<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>h <sup>-1</sup> and 0.14 ± 0.04 mSv<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>y <sup>-1</sup>, 0.12 ± 0.03 and 0.14 ± 0.04 and 45.90 ± 12.65 Bq<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg <sup>-1</sup> respectively. Comparing with approved global values, the values were found to be below the given global limits. Evidence of involvement of metasomatic activity of the radioelements or fractionation during weathering is seen as calculations give a higher value Th/U. Excess cancer risk, calculated from the samples showed lower values as compared to global standard values hence minimal chance of getting cancer disease. The area is safe from cancer causing radionuclides.展开更多
文摘国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency,IAEA)认为,2014年全球核技术发展主要集中在动力应用、原子数据和核数据、加速器和研究堆应用以及非动力应用这四大领域。本文从上述四个方面,对2014年以来全球在核科学与技术方面所取得的主要进展进行概括与阐述。认为全球核能发展暂时仍未能脱离调整阶段,我国科技界和管理部门可重点关注核技术的非动力应用。
文摘The main aim of investigating activity concentrations together with distribution of radionuclides naturally in soil from Kargi was to evaluate radiological health hazard together with environmental radioactivity. Research shows radionuclides as one source of exposure due to radiation with detrimental effects health wise for populations found in areas considered high background radiation. After collecting 117 soil samples from the area, analysis was done in order to measure their natural radioactivities due to <sup>40</sup>K, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>226</sup>Ra radionuclides. Measurements method of gamma spectrometry employing a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector was employed basically to evaluate the radiological hazard of radioactivities. For <sup>40</sup>K, <sup>232</sup>Th and <sup>226</sup>Ra, mean calculated activities were 353.19 ± 110.07, 7.98 ± 3.98 and 7.37 ± 2.60 Bq<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg <sup>-1</sup> respectively. Mean values of absorbed and effective dose rates, external and internal hazard indices together with radium equivalent activity were 23.82 ± 6.59 nGy<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>h <sup>-1</sup> and 0.14 ± 0.04 mSv<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>y <sup>-1</sup>, 0.12 ± 0.03 and 0.14 ± 0.04 and 45.90 ± 12.65 Bq<span style="white-space:nowrap;">·</span>kg <sup>-1</sup> respectively. Comparing with approved global values, the values were found to be below the given global limits. Evidence of involvement of metasomatic activity of the radioelements or fractionation during weathering is seen as calculations give a higher value Th/U. Excess cancer risk, calculated from the samples showed lower values as compared to global standard values hence minimal chance of getting cancer disease. The area is safe from cancer causing radionuclides.
