The endoplasmic reticulum(ER),which is composed of a continuous network of tubules and sheets,forms the most widely distributed membrane system in eukaryotic cells.As a result,it engages a variety of organelles by est...The endoplasmic reticulum(ER),which is composed of a continuous network of tubules and sheets,forms the most widely distributed membrane system in eukaryotic cells.As a result,it engages a variety of organelles by establishing membrane contact sites(MCSs).These contacts regulate organelle positioning and remodeling,including fusion and fission,facilitate precise lipid exchange,and couple vital signaling events.Here,we systematically review recent advances and converging themes on ER-involved organellar contact.The molecular basis,cellular influence,and potential physiological functions for ER/nuclear envelope contacts with mitochondria,Golgi,endosomes,lysosomes,lipid droplets,autophagosomes,and plasma membrane are summarized.展开更多
Carbon capture,utilization and storage (CCUS) is considered as a very important technology for mitigating global climate change.Carbon dioxide (CO2) injected into an underground reservoir will induce changes in its ph...Carbon capture,utilization and storage (CCUS) is considered as a very important technology for mitigating global climate change.Carbon dioxide (CO2) injected into an underground reservoir will induce changes in its physical properties and the migration of CO2 will be affected by many factors.Accurately understanding these changes and migration characteristics of CO2 is crucial for selecting a CCUS project site,estimating storage capacity and ensuring storage security.In this paper,the basic principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies are briefly introduced in the context of laboratory experiments related to CCUS.The types of NMR apparatus,experimental samples and testing approaches applied worldwide are discussed and analyzed.Then two typical NMR core analysis systems used in CCUS field and a self-developed high-pressure,low-field NMR rock core flooding experimental system are compared.Finally,a summary of the current deficiencies related to NMR applied to CCUS field is given and future research plans are proposed.展开更多
Background：Nuclear mitotic apparatus protein 1 （NuMA 1） had been reported to produce three groups of isoforms categorized as long,middle,and short groups,of which short NuMA displayed distinct localization patterns...Background：Nuclear mitotic apparatus protein 1 （NuMA 1） had been reported to produce three groups of isoforms categorized as long,middle,and short groups,of which short NuMA displayed distinct localization patterns compared to long and middle isoforms.However,the function of short NuMA was not clear in the progress of cancer formation.This study aimed to unveil the role of short NuMA in cancer pathogenesis.Methods：The expression levels of short isoforms were explored in paired gastric carcinoma （GC） samples and different cell lines.Furthermore,the short isoform behaved as a putative tumor suppressor based on cell proliferation and cell colony formation assays.Pull-down assay and whole-genome gene expression analysis were carried out to search candidate interaction partners of short NuMA.Results：The expression of short NuMA was highly expressed in S and G2 phases of the cell cycle;compared with nontumor tissues,short NuMA downregulated in nine GCs （GC 1 [0.131,P =5 × 10^-4];GC2 [0.316,P =3 × 10^-5];GC3 [0.111,P =6 × 10^-4];GC4 [0.456,P =0.011];GC5 [0.474,P=0.001];GC6 [0.311,P=0.004];GC7 [0.28,P=3 × 10^-5];GC8 [0.298,P=0.007];and GC9 [0.344,P=0.002]）.Besides,high expression of short NuMA significantly inhibits cell growth （2.43 × 10^-5 vs.2.97 × 10^-5,P =0.0029） and cell clone information in vitro （70 vs.2,P =1.67 × 10^-45）.Short NuMA could bind with alpha-actinin-4 （ACTN4）,a putative tumor promoting gene.Overexpression of short NuMA could tremendously decrease the expression of MYB proto-oncogene like 2 （MYBL2） of about 92-fold,which played an important role in the cell cycles.Conclusions：Short isoform of NuMA might be functioned as a putative role of tumor suppressor.Further studies should be made to illuminate the relationship between ACTN4,MYBL2,and tumor progression.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92254305)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92254305,91854204,32130026)+20 种基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(92254302,32225013,32130023)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91954201,31971289)supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91954207)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170753)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170692,92154001)supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92254303,32170701)supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32101000,32271273)the Strategic Priority Research Program(XDB39000000)Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-075)of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1300800)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA0804802,2019YFA0508602)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ20028)New Cornerstone Science Foundation(Xplorer Prize)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB37020304)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB37040402)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24030205)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1300301)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0506902)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(63213104,63223043)the Talent Training Project at Nankai University(035-BB042112)supported by the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(5202022)。
文摘The endoplasmic reticulum(ER),which is composed of a continuous network of tubules and sheets,forms the most widely distributed membrane system in eukaryotic cells.As a result,it engages a variety of organelles by establishing membrane contact sites(MCSs).These contacts regulate organelle positioning and remodeling,including fusion and fission,facilitate precise lipid exchange,and couple vital signaling events.Here,we systematically review recent advances and converging themes on ER-involved organellar contact.The molecular basis,cellular influence,and potential physiological functions for ER/nuclear envelope contacts with mitochondria,Golgi,endosomes,lysosomes,lipid droplets,autophagosomes,and plasma membrane are summarized.
基金supported by the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and GeotechnicalEngineering, IRSM, CAS (Grant No. Z017002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41872210 and 41274111)financial support from the China-Australia Geological Storage of CO_2 (CAGS) Project funded by the Australian Government under the auspices of the China-Australia Joint Coordination Group on Clean Coal Technology
文摘Carbon capture,utilization and storage (CCUS) is considered as a very important technology for mitigating global climate change.Carbon dioxide (CO2) injected into an underground reservoir will induce changes in its physical properties and the migration of CO2 will be affected by many factors.Accurately understanding these changes and migration characteristics of CO2 is crucial for selecting a CCUS project site,estimating storage capacity and ensuring storage security.In this paper,the basic principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologies are briefly introduced in the context of laboratory experiments related to CCUS.The types of NMR apparatus,experimental samples and testing approaches applied worldwide are discussed and analyzed.Then two typical NMR core analysis systems used in CCUS field and a self-developed high-pressure,low-field NMR rock core flooding experimental system are compared.Finally,a summary of the current deficiencies related to NMR applied to CCUS field is given and future research plans are proposed.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation （No. 81101490 and No. 81572699）.
文摘Background：Nuclear mitotic apparatus protein 1 （NuMA 1） had been reported to produce three groups of isoforms categorized as long,middle,and short groups,of which short NuMA displayed distinct localization patterns compared to long and middle isoforms.However,the function of short NuMA was not clear in the progress of cancer formation.This study aimed to unveil the role of short NuMA in cancer pathogenesis.Methods：The expression levels of short isoforms were explored in paired gastric carcinoma （GC） samples and different cell lines.Furthermore,the short isoform behaved as a putative tumor suppressor based on cell proliferation and cell colony formation assays.Pull-down assay and whole-genome gene expression analysis were carried out to search candidate interaction partners of short NuMA.Results：The expression of short NuMA was highly expressed in S and G2 phases of the cell cycle;compared with nontumor tissues,short NuMA downregulated in nine GCs （GC 1 [0.131,P =5 × 10^-4];GC2 [0.316,P =3 × 10^-5];GC3 [0.111,P =6 × 10^-4];GC4 [0.456,P =0.011];GC5 [0.474,P=0.001];GC6 [0.311,P=0.004];GC7 [0.28,P=3 × 10^-5];GC8 [0.298,P=0.007];and GC9 [0.344,P=0.002]）.Besides,high expression of short NuMA significantly inhibits cell growth （2.43 × 10^-5 vs.2.97 × 10^-5,P =0.0029） and cell clone information in vitro （70 vs.2,P =1.67 × 10^-45）.Short NuMA could bind with alpha-actinin-4 （ACTN4）,a putative tumor promoting gene.Overexpression of short NuMA could tremendously decrease the expression of MYB proto-oncogene like 2 （MYBL2） of about 92-fold,which played an important role in the cell cycles.Conclusions：Short isoform of NuMA might be functioned as a putative role of tumor suppressor.Further studies should be made to illuminate the relationship between ACTN4,MYBL2,and tumor progression.
