目的:探究非酿酒酵母与酿酒酵母混合发酵过程中酵母的生长状况及酯酶活性的变化规律。方法:通过测定川南白酒窖池中分离的非酿酒酵母在液体发酵培养基中的酯酶活性,从中优选1株高产酯酶的酵母,经26S r DNA D1/D2区域序列分析鉴定种属。...目的:探究非酿酒酵母与酿酒酵母混合发酵过程中酵母的生长状况及酯酶活性的变化规律。方法:通过测定川南白酒窖池中分离的非酿酒酵母在液体发酵培养基中的酯酶活性,从中优选1株高产酯酶的酵母,经26S r DNA D1/D2区域序列分析鉴定种属。随后利用模拟葡萄汁进行优选酵母和酿酒酵母的混合发酵,设立同时接种、提前48 h接种和提前96 h接种优选酵母3个实验处理,以两株酵母的纯发酵为对照,研究发酵过程中的酵母生长动力学及不同碳链长度底物(C_2~C_8)对应的酯酶活性变化。结果:优选的非酿酒酵母为发酵毕赤酵母。酵母生长动力学研究发现,单一酿酒酵母的发酵速率最快,但混合发酵中的酵母数量更多,尤其是提前96 h接种。模拟发酵处理中,同时接种处理的酯酶活性累积量最大(574 m U/mL),酯酶活性在C_2~C_8有底物特异性,其中C8酯酶活性累积量最高(178~227 m U/mL),C_2酯酶活性累积量最低(46~66 m U/mL)。结合发酵动力学与发酵中酯酶活性变化,发现酯酶活性与酵母的生长状况有关,当酵母生长达到稳定期,酯酶活性达到最大值。结论:优选酵母与酿酒酵母的同时接种发酵具有较高的C4~C8酯酶活性累积量,有增香酿造的应用潜力。展开更多
The aim of this work was to isolate and identify the yeasts prevalent in fresh grapes cultivated in the “São Francisco Valley” region (Brazil), as well as evaluating the cell growth of these indigenous ye...The aim of this work was to isolate and identify the yeasts prevalent in fresh grapes cultivated in the “São Francisco Valley” region (Brazil), as well as evaluating the cell growth of these indigenous yeasts during the fermentation of grape musts and their contribution to the improvement of wine aroma. The Chenin Blanc grape must fermented by H. opuntiae presented higher acceptance means at the three points analyzed (6.74, 6.78 and 7.30) and in the fermentation carried out by the yeasts H. opuntiae and S. cerevisiae, the highest mean acceptance (7.22) was observed after 120 hours, with no statistical difference from the sample fermented by H. opuntiae alone. Since these samples that showed higher acceptance means also receiving higher scores for purchasing intention, corresponding to the concepts of “definitely would buy” and “probably would buy”. The present study suggests that the fermentations of grape musts carried out by the yeast H. opuntiae and mixed cultures of H. opuntiae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, positively influenced the sensory qualities of the wines and showed greater potential to increase the aroma of the musts and to develop specific wine styles.展开更多
文摘目的:探究非酿酒酵母与酿酒酵母混合发酵过程中酵母的生长状况及酯酶活性的变化规律。方法:通过测定川南白酒窖池中分离的非酿酒酵母在液体发酵培养基中的酯酶活性,从中优选1株高产酯酶的酵母,经26S r DNA D1/D2区域序列分析鉴定种属。随后利用模拟葡萄汁进行优选酵母和酿酒酵母的混合发酵,设立同时接种、提前48 h接种和提前96 h接种优选酵母3个实验处理,以两株酵母的纯发酵为对照,研究发酵过程中的酵母生长动力学及不同碳链长度底物(C_2~C_8)对应的酯酶活性变化。结果:优选的非酿酒酵母为发酵毕赤酵母。酵母生长动力学研究发现,单一酿酒酵母的发酵速率最快,但混合发酵中的酵母数量更多,尤其是提前96 h接种。模拟发酵处理中,同时接种处理的酯酶活性累积量最大(574 m U/mL),酯酶活性在C_2~C_8有底物特异性,其中C8酯酶活性累积量最高(178~227 m U/mL),C_2酯酶活性累积量最低(46~66 m U/mL)。结合发酵动力学与发酵中酯酶活性变化,发现酯酶活性与酵母的生长状况有关,当酵母生长达到稳定期,酯酶活性达到最大值。结论:优选酵母与酿酒酵母的同时接种发酵具有较高的C4~C8酯酶活性累积量,有增香酿造的应用潜力。
文摘The aim of this work was to isolate and identify the yeasts prevalent in fresh grapes cultivated in the “São Francisco Valley” region (Brazil), as well as evaluating the cell growth of these indigenous yeasts during the fermentation of grape musts and their contribution to the improvement of wine aroma. The Chenin Blanc grape must fermented by H. opuntiae presented higher acceptance means at the three points analyzed (6.74, 6.78 and 7.30) and in the fermentation carried out by the yeasts H. opuntiae and S. cerevisiae, the highest mean acceptance (7.22) was observed after 120 hours, with no statistical difference from the sample fermented by H. opuntiae alone. Since these samples that showed higher acceptance means also receiving higher scores for purchasing intention, corresponding to the concepts of “definitely would buy” and “probably would buy”. The present study suggests that the fermentations of grape musts carried out by the yeast H. opuntiae and mixed cultures of H. opuntiae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, positively influenced the sensory qualities of the wines and showed greater potential to increase the aroma of the musts and to develop specific wine styles.
