This paper presents the development of a highly efficient CT-PCF (Core-Tune Photonic Crystal Fiber) with substantial birefringence, tailored for applications in high-bit-rate communication and sensing while minimizing...This paper presents the development of a highly efficient CT-PCF (Core-Tune Photonic Crystal Fiber) with substantial birefringence, tailored for applications in high-bit-rate communication and sensing while minimizing signal loss. The design incorporates a modified broadband dispersion compensating structure, optimized for operation across the E, S, C, and L communication bands within a wavelength range spanning 1360 nm to 1625 nm. Notably, the CT-PCF demonstrates a remarkable birefringence of 2.372 × 10<sup>-2</sup> at 1550 nm, surpassing traditional PCF structures. Single-mode performance is evaluated using the Higher Order Mode Extinction Ratio (HOMER) method, revealing a peak HOMER value of 10<sup>4</sup> at 1550 nm. Furthermore, at 1550 nm, the CT-PCF exhibits exceptional nonlinear characteristics, featuring a high nonlinearity of 50.74 W<sup>-1</sup>⋅Km<sup>-1</sup> for y polarization. In comparison to existing designs, the proposed CT-PCF exhibits superior performance metrics and optical characteristics. Additionally, the y polarization dispersion coefficient of the CT-PCF at 1550 nm is measured at -3534 ps/(nm⋅km). Overall, the CT-PCF represents a significant advancement, outperforming established systems in terms of performance metrics and optical properties.展开更多
Shear deformation induced by shear stress is one of the major forms of interaction between the locomotion mechanism and the intestines. Relatively few experimental studies using locomotion mechanisms have been perform...Shear deformation induced by shear stress is one of the major forms of interaction between the locomotion mechanism and the intestines. Relatively few experimental studies using locomotion mechanisms have been performed to investigate the viscoelastic property of intestines. There is a lack of reliable data regarding the relative movement between various locomotion mechanisms and the small intestine, and how that movement affects the measurement of shear displacement. In this work, a novel platform was constructed with two elaborately designed clamps that could securely fix both sides of an intestine sample using negative gas adsorption. The platform was also integrated with noncontact measuring equipment to record the thickness of the intestine sample. Subsequently, preservation measure was applied to porcine intestine, and multiple intestine samples were prepared and tested under strains of 20%, 50%, 80% and 100%. A five-element viscoelastic model that was fitted to multiple sets of data could accurately predict the biomechanical property of the intestines. Finally, a new criterion, the loss factor, was calculated with the parameters of the five-element model to represent the dynamic behavior of soft tissue, and it was used to verify the reliability and effectiveness of the experimental setup and results.展开更多
Current loss without an obvious impedance collapse in the magnetically insulated coaxial diode （MICD） is studied through experiment and particle-in-cell （PIC） simulation when the guiding magnetic field is strong e...Current loss without an obvious impedance collapse in the magnetically insulated coaxial diode （MICD） is studied through experiment and particle-in-cell （PIC） simulation when the guiding magnetic field is strong enough. Cathode nega- tive ions are clarified to be the predominant reason for it. Theoretical analysis and simulation both indicate that the velocity of the negative ion reaches up to 1 cm/ns due to the space potential between the anode and cathode gap （A-C gap）. Accord- ingly, instead of the reverse current loss and the parasitic current loss, the negative ion loss appears during the whole pulse. The negative ion current loss is determined by its ionization production rate. It increases with diode voltage increasing. The smaller space charge effect caused by the beam thickening and the weaker radial restriction both promote the negative ion production under a lower magnetic field. Therefore, as the magnetic field increases, the current loss gradually decreases until the beam thickening nearly stops.展开更多
NRL3 is essential for the growth and development of rice leaves.In this study,we found that the loss function of NRL3 also delayed heading date under natural long daylight and short daylight conditions.The yeast two-h...NRL3 is essential for the growth and development of rice leaves.In this study,we found that the loss function of NRL3 also delayed heading date under natural long daylight and short daylight conditions.The yeast two-hybrid and the bimolecular fluorescence complementation proved that NRL3interacts with OsK4,a Snf1-related kinase.OsK4 localized to the nucleus and expressed in various rice tissues.The rhythmic expression pattern of Os K4 was similar to NRL3 under long daylight and short daylight conditions.Knock-out mutants of Os K4 exhibited early heading under long daylight conditions,indicating that it acts as a negative regulator of heading date in rice.Interestingly,the OsK4 mutant under the nrl3 mutant background rescued the late heading phenotype of nrl3 under long daylight conditions,suggesting that Os K4 functions downstream of NRL3.Moreover,both NRL3 and Os K4 controlled heading date through regulating the expression of Hd3a and RFT1 genes.These findings shed light on the heading date regulation in rice and provide a sound theoretical base to improve regional adaptability of rice.展开更多
文摘This paper presents the development of a highly efficient CT-PCF (Core-Tune Photonic Crystal Fiber) with substantial birefringence, tailored for applications in high-bit-rate communication and sensing while minimizing signal loss. The design incorporates a modified broadband dispersion compensating structure, optimized for operation across the E, S, C, and L communication bands within a wavelength range spanning 1360 nm to 1625 nm. Notably, the CT-PCF demonstrates a remarkable birefringence of 2.372 × 10<sup>-2</sup> at 1550 nm, surpassing traditional PCF structures. Single-mode performance is evaluated using the Higher Order Mode Extinction Ratio (HOMER) method, revealing a peak HOMER value of 10<sup>4</sup> at 1550 nm. Furthermore, at 1550 nm, the CT-PCF exhibits exceptional nonlinear characteristics, featuring a high nonlinearity of 50.74 W<sup>-1</sup>⋅Km<sup>-1</sup> for y polarization. In comparison to existing designs, the proposed CT-PCF exhibits superior performance metrics and optical characteristics. Additionally, the y polarization dispersion coefficient of the CT-PCF at 1550 nm is measured at -3534 ps/(nm⋅km). Overall, the CT-PCF represents a significant advancement, outperforming established systems in terms of performance metrics and optical properties.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC0115101)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61503370)Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Robotics of China(Grant No.2017-O10)
文摘Shear deformation induced by shear stress is one of the major forms of interaction between the locomotion mechanism and the intestines. Relatively few experimental studies using locomotion mechanisms have been performed to investigate the viscoelastic property of intestines. There is a lack of reliable data regarding the relative movement between various locomotion mechanisms and the small intestine, and how that movement affects the measurement of shear displacement. In this work, a novel platform was constructed with two elaborately designed clamps that could securely fix both sides of an intestine sample using negative gas adsorption. The platform was also integrated with noncontact measuring equipment to record the thickness of the intestine sample. Subsequently, preservation measure was applied to porcine intestine, and multiple intestine samples were prepared and tested under strains of 20%, 50%, 80% and 100%. A five-element viscoelastic model that was fitted to multiple sets of data could accurately predict the biomechanical property of the intestines. Finally, a new criterion, the loss factor, was calculated with the parameters of the five-element model to represent the dynamic behavior of soft tissue, and it was used to verify the reliability and effectiveness of the experimental setup and results.
文摘Current loss without an obvious impedance collapse in the magnetically insulated coaxial diode （MICD） is studied through experiment and particle-in-cell （PIC） simulation when the guiding magnetic field is strong enough. Cathode nega- tive ions are clarified to be the predominant reason for it. Theoretical analysis and simulation both indicate that the velocity of the negative ion reaches up to 1 cm/ns due to the space potential between the anode and cathode gap （A-C gap）. Accord- ingly, instead of the reverse current loss and the parasitic current loss, the negative ion loss appears during the whole pulse. The negative ion current loss is determined by its ionization production rate. It increases with diode voltage increasing. The smaller space charge effect caused by the beam thickening and the weaker radial restriction both promote the negative ion production under a lower magnetic field. Therefore, as the magnetic field increases, the current loss gradually decreases until the beam thickening nearly stops.
基金supported by the China National Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.31871597)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.2021C02063-2)+2 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of China National Rice Research Institute(Grant No.CNRRI-2020-02)the Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education,China(Grant No.GJJ180217)the Project supported by Jiangxi Youth Science Foundation,China(Grant No.20202BAB215001)。
文摘NRL3 is essential for the growth and development of rice leaves.In this study,we found that the loss function of NRL3 also delayed heading date under natural long daylight and short daylight conditions.The yeast two-hybrid and the bimolecular fluorescence complementation proved that NRL3interacts with OsK4,a Snf1-related kinase.OsK4 localized to the nucleus and expressed in various rice tissues.The rhythmic expression pattern of Os K4 was similar to NRL3 under long daylight and short daylight conditions.Knock-out mutants of Os K4 exhibited early heading under long daylight conditions,indicating that it acts as a negative regulator of heading date in rice.Interestingly,the OsK4 mutant under the nrl3 mutant background rescued the late heading phenotype of nrl3 under long daylight conditions,suggesting that Os K4 functions downstream of NRL3.Moreover,both NRL3 and Os K4 controlled heading date through regulating the expression of Hd3a and RFT1 genes.These findings shed light on the heading date regulation in rice and provide a sound theoretical base to improve regional adaptability of rice.
