Photoperiod responsiveness is a key factor limiting the geographic distribution of cultivated soybean and its wild ancestor.In particular,the genetic basis of the adaptation in wild soybean remains poorly understood.I...Photoperiod responsiveness is a key factor limiting the geographic distribution of cultivated soybean and its wild ancestor.In particular,the genetic basis of the adaptation in wild soybean remains poorly understood.In this study,by combining whole-genome resequencing and genome-wide association studies we identified a novel locus,Time of Flowering 5(Tof5),which promotes flowering and enhances adaptation to high latitudes in both wild and cultivated soybean.By genomic,genetic and transgenic analyses we showed that Tof5 en-codes a homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana FRUITFULL(FUL).Importantly,further analyses suggested that different alleles of Tof5 have undergone parallel selection.The Tof5H1 allele was strongly selected by humans after the early domestication of cultivated soybean,while Tof5H2 allele was naturally selected in wild soybean,and in each case facilitating adaptation to high latitudes.Moreover,we found that the key flowering repressor E1 suppresses the transcription of Tof5 by binding to its promoter.In turn,Tof5 physically associates with the promoters of two important FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT),FT2a and FT5a,to upregulate their transcription and promote flowering under long photoperiods.Collectively,ourfindings provide insights into how wild soybean adapted to high latitudes through natural selection and indicate that cultivated soybean underwent changes in the same gene but evolved a distinct allele that was artificially selected after domestication.展开更多
刈割时间(Cutting time CT)和晾晒时间(Drying time DT)是影响干草品质的主要因素,收获期的研究已经取得长足进展,刈割时间和晾晒时间对天然牧草干草品质的影响还是空白,研究刈割时间和晾晒时间对天然牧草干草品质的影响,确定适宜刈割...刈割时间(Cutting time CT)和晾晒时间(Drying time DT)是影响干草品质的主要因素,收获期的研究已经取得长足进展,刈割时间和晾晒时间对天然牧草干草品质的影响还是空白,研究刈割时间和晾晒时间对天然牧草干草品质的影响,确定适宜刈割时间和晾晒时间对保存干草品质具有重要意义。在不同刈割时间(08:00h,12:00h,16:00h)对天然草地牧草进行刈割,刈割后在不同晾晒时间点(0h、2h、4h、6h、8h、10h、12h、24h、26h、28h、30h、36h、48h、72h)取样,进行常规营养成分分析。结果表明,08:00h、12:00h、16:00h刈割天然草地牧草晾晒72h后均达到安全含水量,可以打捆贮藏,刈割时间和晾晒时间的交互作用对天然牧草干草DM含量和CP含量影响差异显著(P<0.05),对天然牧草干草ADF含量、NDF含量、Ash含量的影响无显著差异(P>0.05)。同一天内,刈割越晚返潮作用越明显,营养物质流失越严重,应尽早刈割。由于光照作用,晾晒时间越长,营养流失越严重,达到安全含水量应尽快打捆,保障干草品质。刈割时间和晾晒时间的交互作用对天然牧草干草CP含量有显著影响,表明干草品质受刈割时间和晾晒时间双重影响。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.32090065 and 32001508 to L.D.,32090064 and 31725021 to F.K.,31930083 to B.L,31901568 to Q.C,32022062 to S.Lu.,32001502 to Y,Z)and also supported by the Major Program of Guangdong Basic and Applied FResearch(grant no.2019B030302006 to F.K.andB.L).
文摘Photoperiod responsiveness is a key factor limiting the geographic distribution of cultivated soybean and its wild ancestor.In particular,the genetic basis of the adaptation in wild soybean remains poorly understood.In this study,by combining whole-genome resequencing and genome-wide association studies we identified a novel locus,Time of Flowering 5(Tof5),which promotes flowering and enhances adaptation to high latitudes in both wild and cultivated soybean.By genomic,genetic and transgenic analyses we showed that Tof5 en-codes a homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana FRUITFULL(FUL).Importantly,further analyses suggested that different alleles of Tof5 have undergone parallel selection.The Tof5H1 allele was strongly selected by humans after the early domestication of cultivated soybean,while Tof5H2 allele was naturally selected in wild soybean,and in each case facilitating adaptation to high latitudes.Moreover,we found that the key flowering repressor E1 suppresses the transcription of Tof5 by binding to its promoter.In turn,Tof5 physically associates with the promoters of two important FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT),FT2a and FT5a,to upregulate their transcription and promote flowering under long photoperiods.Collectively,ourfindings provide insights into how wild soybean adapted to high latitudes through natural selection and indicate that cultivated soybean underwent changes in the same gene but evolved a distinct allele that was artificially selected after domestication.
文摘刈割时间(Cutting time CT)和晾晒时间(Drying time DT)是影响干草品质的主要因素,收获期的研究已经取得长足进展,刈割时间和晾晒时间对天然牧草干草品质的影响还是空白,研究刈割时间和晾晒时间对天然牧草干草品质的影响,确定适宜刈割时间和晾晒时间对保存干草品质具有重要意义。在不同刈割时间(08:00h,12:00h,16:00h)对天然草地牧草进行刈割,刈割后在不同晾晒时间点(0h、2h、4h、6h、8h、10h、12h、24h、26h、28h、30h、36h、48h、72h)取样,进行常规营养成分分析。结果表明,08:00h、12:00h、16:00h刈割天然草地牧草晾晒72h后均达到安全含水量,可以打捆贮藏,刈割时间和晾晒时间的交互作用对天然牧草干草DM含量和CP含量影响差异显著(P<0.05),对天然牧草干草ADF含量、NDF含量、Ash含量的影响无显著差异(P>0.05)。同一天内,刈割越晚返潮作用越明显,营养物质流失越严重,应尽早刈割。由于光照作用,晾晒时间越长,营养流失越严重,达到安全含水量应尽快打捆,保障干草品质。刈割时间和晾晒时间的交互作用对天然牧草干草CP含量有显著影响,表明干草品质受刈割时间和晾晒时间双重影响。
