Manufactured nanomaterials with unique properties have been extensively applied in various indus-trial,agricultural or medical fields.However,some of the properties have been identified to be closely related to nanoma...Manufactured nanomaterials with unique properties have been extensively applied in various indus-trial,agricultural or medical fields.However,some of the properties have been identified to be closely related to nanomaterial toxicity.The"nano-paradox"has aroused concerns over the use and develop-ment of nanotechnology,which makes it difficult for regulatory agencies to regulate nanomaterials.The key to fulfilling proper nanomaterial regulation lies in the adequate understanding of the impact of nanomaterial properties on nano-bio interactions.To this end,we start the present work with a brief intro-duction to nano-bio interactions at different levels.Based on that,how key toxicity-associated properties of manufactured nanomaterials(i.e.,size,shape,chemical composition,surface properties,biocorona formation,agglomeration and/or aggregation state,and biodegradability)impact their toxicokinetics,cel-lular uptake,trafficking and responses,and toxicity mechanisms is deeply explored.Moreover,advanced analytical methods for studying nano-bio interactions are introduced.Furthermore,the current reg-ulatory and legislative frameworks for nanomaterial-containing products in different regions and/or countries are presented.Finally,we propose several challenges facing the nanotoxicology field and their possible solutions to shed light on the safety evaluation of nanomaterials.展开更多
Developing antibiotics-independent antibacterial agents is of great importance since antibiotic therapy faces great challenges from drug resistance.Graphene oxide(GO)is a promising agent due to its natural antibacteri...Developing antibiotics-independent antibacterial agents is of great importance since antibiotic therapy faces great challenges from drug resistance.Graphene oxide(GO)is a promising agent due to its natural antibacterial mechanisms,such as sharp edgemediated cutting effect.However,the antibacterial activity of GO is limited by its negative charge and low photothermal effect.Herein,the amino-functionalized GO nanosheets(AGO)with unique three-in-one properties were synthesized.Three essential properties(positive charge,strong photothermal effect,and natural cutting effect)were integrated into AGO.The positive charge(30 mV)rendered AGO a strong interaction force with model pathogen Streptococcus mutans(330 nN).The natural cutting effect of 100 ng·mL^(-1)AGO caused 27%loss of bacterial viability after incubation for 30 min.Most importantly,upon the near-infrared irradiation for just 5 min,the three-in-one properties of AGO caused 98%viability loss.In conclusion,the short irradiation period and the tunable antibacterial activity confer the three-in-one AGO a great potential for clinical use.展开更多
Knowledge on the interactions between engineered nanomaterials(ENMs) and biological systems is critical both for the assessment of biological effects of ENMs and for the rational design of ENM-based products. However,...Knowledge on the interactions between engineered nanomaterials(ENMs) and biological systems is critical both for the assessment of biological effects of ENMs and for the rational design of ENM-based products. However, probing the events that occur at the nano-bio interface remains extremely challenging due to their complex and dynamic nature. So far, the understanding of mechanisms underlying nano-bio interactions has been mainly limited by the lack of proper analytical techniques with sufficient sensitivity, selectivity and resolution for characterization of nano-bio interface events. Moreover, many classic bioanalytical methods are not suitable for direct measurement of nano-bio interface interactions. These have made establishing analytical methodologies for systematic and comprehensive study of nano-bio interface one of the most focused areas in nanobiology. In this review we have discussed some representative developments regarding analytical techniques for nano-bio interface characterization, including the improvements of traditional methods and the emergence of powerful new technologies. These developments have allowed ultrasensitive, real-time analysis of interactions between ENMs and biomolecules, transformations of ENMs in biological environment, and impacts of ENMs on living systems on molecular or cellular level.展开更多
Nanomedicine involves the use of engineered nanoscale materials in an extensive range of diagnostic and therapeutic applications and can be applied to the treatment of many diseases.Despite the rapid progress and trem...Nanomedicine involves the use of engineered nanoscale materials in an extensive range of diagnostic and therapeutic applications and can be applied to the treatment of many diseases.Despite the rapid progress and tremendous potential of nanomedicine in the past decades,the clinical translational process is still quite slow,owing to the difficulty in understanding,evaluating,and predicting nanomaterial behaviors within the complex environment of human beings.Microfluidics-based organ-on-a-chip(Organ Chip)techniques offer a promising way to resolve these challenges.Sophisticatedly designed Organ Chip enable in vitro simulation of the in vivo microenvironments,thus providing robust platforms for evaluating nanomedicine.Herein,we review recent developments and achievements in Organ Chip models for nanomedicine evaluations,categorized into seven broad sections based on the target organ systems:respiratory,digestive,lymphatic,excretory,nervous,and vascular,as well as coverage on applications relating to cancer.We conclude by providing our perspectives on the challenges and potential future directions for applications of Organ Chip in nanomedicine.展开更多
Carbonized polymer dots(CPDs)have been widely applied in biomedical fields,such as imaging,diagnosis and drug delivery.Since the complex,non-equilibrated and dynamic nature of biological systems inevitably affect the ...Carbonized polymer dots(CPDs)have been widely applied in biomedical fields,such as imaging,diagnosis and drug delivery.Since the complex,non-equilibrated and dynamic nature of biological systems inevitably affect the predesigned properties of CPDs,then efficiency and ultimate outcome of CPDs in biological identity will be transformed by the ubiquitous nano-bio interactions.Herein,our recent progress about elucidating the behavior of CPDs at nano-bio interface from the perspective of physical chemistry has been summarized in the review,mainly at the bio-macromolecular,cellular membrane and cellular levels,which is crucial for characterize their relative cytotoxicity and clinical transformation.Moreover,we mainly focused on the quantitative relationship of nano-bio interactions between CPDs with biological identity and related thermodynamics parameters during this process is also obtained from advanced isothermal titration calorimetry technique.Finally,our recent study about the photoluminescence origin is also included in this review,which favors modulating the photoluminescence of CPDs.展开更多
Understanding the interactions of nanomaterials(NMs) with biomolecules, organelles, cells, and organic tissues at the nano-bio interface can offer important information for their uptake, distribution, translocation, m...Understanding the interactions of nanomaterials(NMs) with biomolecules, organelles, cells, and organic tissues at the nano-bio interface can offer important information for their uptake, distribution, translocation, metabolism and degradation in vitro and in vivo, which can help to precisely tune and design "smart" NMs for biomedical applications. However, probing the interactions at the nano-bio interface, which generally requires dedicated analytical methods and tools, is remarkably complicated due to the dynamically changed nature of the nano-bio interface. Because of the advantages of high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, excellent accuracy, low matrix effects and non-destructiveness, synchrotron radiation(SR)-based analytical techniques have become extremely valuable tools. Herein, we present a comprehensive overview of SR-based techniques for the visualized study of NMs at cellular and subcellular interfaces and their transformation in vitro; the exploration of biodistribution, translocation, metabolism and degradation of NMs in vivo; and clarification of the molecular mechanisms of NMs' reactions with biomolecules. Rapid development of advanced light source means that in situ, real-time analysis of NMs at the nano-bio interface will be achieved.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(grant No.XDB36000000)the National Basic Research Program of China(grant No.2020YFA0710702)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.51822207 and 51772292).
文摘Manufactured nanomaterials with unique properties have been extensively applied in various indus-trial,agricultural or medical fields.However,some of the properties have been identified to be closely related to nanomaterial toxicity.The"nano-paradox"has aroused concerns over the use and develop-ment of nanotechnology,which makes it difficult for regulatory agencies to regulate nanomaterials.The key to fulfilling proper nanomaterial regulation lies in the adequate understanding of the impact of nanomaterial properties on nano-bio interactions.To this end,we start the present work with a brief intro-duction to nano-bio interactions at different levels.Based on that,how key toxicity-associated properties of manufactured nanomaterials(i.e.,size,shape,chemical composition,surface properties,biocorona formation,agglomeration and/or aggregation state,and biodegradability)impact their toxicokinetics,cel-lular uptake,trafficking and responses,and toxicity mechanisms is deeply explored.Moreover,advanced analytical methods for studying nano-bio interactions are introduced.Furthermore,the current reg-ulatory and legislative frameworks for nanomaterial-containing products in different regions and/or countries are presented.Finally,we propose several challenges facing the nanotoxicology field and their possible solutions to shed light on the safety evaluation of nanomaterials.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81973261,U19A2005)the Foundation of West China Hospital of Stomatology(No.RD-02-201903)the Research Funding for Talents Developing,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University(No.RCDWJS2020-7).
文摘Developing antibiotics-independent antibacterial agents is of great importance since antibiotic therapy faces great challenges from drug resistance.Graphene oxide(GO)is a promising agent due to its natural antibacterial mechanisms,such as sharp edgemediated cutting effect.However,the antibacterial activity of GO is limited by its negative charge and low photothermal effect.Herein,the amino-functionalized GO nanosheets(AGO)with unique three-in-one properties were synthesized.Three essential properties(positive charge,strong photothermal effect,and natural cutting effect)were integrated into AGO.The positive charge(30 mV)rendered AGO a strong interaction force with model pathogen Streptococcus mutans(330 nN).The natural cutting effect of 100 ng·mL^(-1)AGO caused 27%loss of bacterial viability after incubation for 30 min.Most importantly,upon the near-infrared irradiation for just 5 min,the three-in-one properties of AGO caused 98%viability loss.In conclusion,the short irradiation period and the tunable antibacterial activity confer the three-in-one AGO a great potential for clinical use.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21320102003, 31200752, 31661130152, 11435002)the National Distinguished Young Scientists Program (31325010)
文摘Knowledge on the interactions between engineered nanomaterials(ENMs) and biological systems is critical both for the assessment of biological effects of ENMs and for the rational design of ENM-based products. However, probing the events that occur at the nano-bio interface remains extremely challenging due to their complex and dynamic nature. So far, the understanding of mechanisms underlying nano-bio interactions has been mainly limited by the lack of proper analytical techniques with sufficient sensitivity, selectivity and resolution for characterization of nano-bio interface events. Moreover, many classic bioanalytical methods are not suitable for direct measurement of nano-bio interface interactions. These have made establishing analytical methodologies for systematic and comprehensive study of nano-bio interface one of the most focused areas in nanobiology. In this review we have discussed some representative developments regarding analytical techniques for nano-bio interface characterization, including the improvements of traditional methods and the emergence of powerful new technologies. These developments have allowed ultrasensitive, real-time analysis of interactions between ENMs and biomolecules, transformations of ENMs in biological environment, and impacts of ENMs on living systems on molecular or cellular level.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China for Innovative Research Groups(No.51621002)Y.S.Z.was not supported by this fundinstead,support by the Brigham Research Institute is thanked.We acknowledge Dr.Amy Wen and Ms.Xuewei Zhang for helpful discussion.Any opinions,findings,conclusions,or recommendations expressed herein are those of the author(s).
文摘Nanomedicine involves the use of engineered nanoscale materials in an extensive range of diagnostic and therapeutic applications and can be applied to the treatment of many diseases.Despite the rapid progress and tremendous potential of nanomedicine in the past decades,the clinical translational process is still quite slow,owing to the difficulty in understanding,evaluating,and predicting nanomaterial behaviors within the complex environment of human beings.Microfluidics-based organ-on-a-chip(Organ Chip)techniques offer a promising way to resolve these challenges.Sophisticatedly designed Organ Chip enable in vitro simulation of the in vivo microenvironments,thus providing robust platforms for evaluating nanomedicine.Herein,we review recent developments and achievements in Organ Chip models for nanomedicine evaluations,categorized into seven broad sections based on the target organ systems:respiratory,digestive,lymphatic,excretory,nervous,and vascular,as well as coverage on applications relating to cancer.We conclude by providing our perspectives on the challenges and potential future directions for applications of Organ Chip in nanomedicine.
基金the Nation-al Key R&D Program of China(2018FYA0703700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21873075,21603067)+2 种基金Guangxi Science and Technology Project(GuiKeAD17195081)Bagui Scholar Program of Guangxi Province(2016)Hubei Na-ture Science Foundation of China(2019CFB748).
文摘Carbonized polymer dots(CPDs)have been widely applied in biomedical fields,such as imaging,diagnosis and drug delivery.Since the complex,non-equilibrated and dynamic nature of biological systems inevitably affect the predesigned properties of CPDs,then efficiency and ultimate outcome of CPDs in biological identity will be transformed by the ubiquitous nano-bio interactions.Herein,our recent progress about elucidating the behavior of CPDs at nano-bio interface from the perspective of physical chemistry has been summarized in the review,mainly at the bio-macromolecular,cellular membrane and cellular levels,which is crucial for characterize their relative cytotoxicity and clinical transformation.Moreover,we mainly focused on the quantitative relationship of nano-bio interactions between CPDs with biological identity and related thermodynamics parameters during this process is also obtained from advanced isothermal titration calorimetry technique.Finally,our recent study about the photoluminescence origin is also included in this review,which favors modulating the photoluminescence of CPDs.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2011CB933403)the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1432245)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11475195,11275214,11375211)
文摘Understanding the interactions of nanomaterials(NMs) with biomolecules, organelles, cells, and organic tissues at the nano-bio interface can offer important information for their uptake, distribution, translocation, metabolism and degradation in vitro and in vivo, which can help to precisely tune and design "smart" NMs for biomedical applications. However, probing the interactions at the nano-bio interface, which generally requires dedicated analytical methods and tools, is remarkably complicated due to the dynamically changed nature of the nano-bio interface. Because of the advantages of high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, excellent accuracy, low matrix effects and non-destructiveness, synchrotron radiation(SR)-based analytical techniques have become extremely valuable tools. Herein, we present a comprehensive overview of SR-based techniques for the visualized study of NMs at cellular and subcellular interfaces and their transformation in vitro; the exploration of biodistribution, translocation, metabolism and degradation of NMs in vivo; and clarification of the molecular mechanisms of NMs' reactions with biomolecules. Rapid development of advanced light source means that in situ, real-time analysis of NMs at the nano-bio interface will be achieved.
