Psoriasis is a lifelong, chronic, recurring and highly variable skin disease. Psoriatic plaques are formed through induction of inflammation in the epidermis and deregulation of keratinocyte proliferation and differen...Psoriasis is a lifelong, chronic, recurring and highly variable skin disease. Psoriatic plaques are formed through induction of inflammation in the epidermis and deregulation of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. This results in red or silvery scaly patches on the surface of the epidermis. To look within the lesions and define the changes in gene expression in psoriasis, investigators compared the transcriptomes of psoriatic plaques, of uninvolved skin of patients and of skin from healthy individuals. In several large studies with many patients, the genes expressed at much higher level in psoriatic plaques included those responsible for the cell cycle, keratinocyte differentiation, and response to wounding; conversely, lipid and fatty acid metabolism enzymes were expressed at reduced levels. The nonlesional and healthy skin appeared fairly similar. The largest study included paired biopsies from 85 individual patients. The same group used transcription profiling to follow the course of treatment in a set of patients, and correlated changes in the transcriptome of blood samples of psoriatic patients. Importantly, a noninvasive technique involving tape-stripping of skin, has been shown effective in transcriptional studies of psoriasis. Current efforts are focused on deconvoluting the contributions of various cell types in psoriasis, keratinocytes, lymphocytes, fibroblasts etc. Taken as a whole, these efforts will lead to personalized medicine, i.e., to specific, individualized treatments of patients with psoriasis.展开更多
A fault sensitivity analysis(FSA)-resistance model based on time randomization is proposed.The randomization unit is composed of two parts,namely the configurable register array(R-A)and the decoder(chiefly random...A fault sensitivity analysis(FSA)-resistance model based on time randomization is proposed.The randomization unit is composed of two parts,namely the configurable register array(R-A)and the decoder(chiefly random number generator,RNG).In this way,registers chosen can be either valid or invalid depending on the configuration information generated by the decoder.Thus,the fault sensitivity information can be confusing.Meanwhile,based on this model,a defensive scheme is designed to resist both fault sensitivity analysis(FSA)and differential power analysis(DPA).This scheme is verified with our experiments.展开更多
基金the Ronald O Perelman Department of Dermatology, NYU School of Medicine
文摘Psoriasis is a lifelong, chronic, recurring and highly variable skin disease. Psoriatic plaques are formed through induction of inflammation in the epidermis and deregulation of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. This results in red or silvery scaly patches on the surface of the epidermis. To look within the lesions and define the changes in gene expression in psoriasis, investigators compared the transcriptomes of psoriatic plaques, of uninvolved skin of patients and of skin from healthy individuals. In several large studies with many patients, the genes expressed at much higher level in psoriatic plaques included those responsible for the cell cycle, keratinocyte differentiation, and response to wounding; conversely, lipid and fatty acid metabolism enzymes were expressed at reduced levels. The nonlesional and healthy skin appeared fairly similar. The largest study included paired biopsies from 85 individual patients. The same group used transcription profiling to follow the course of treatment in a set of patients, and correlated changes in the transcriptome of blood samples of psoriatic patients. Importantly, a noninvasive technique involving tape-stripping of skin, has been shown effective in transcriptional studies of psoriasis. Current efforts are focused on deconvoluting the contributions of various cell types in psoriasis, keratinocytes, lymphocytes, fibroblasts etc. Taken as a whole, these efforts will lead to personalized medicine, i.e., to specific, individualized treatments of patients with psoriasis.
文摘A fault sensitivity analysis(FSA)-resistance model based on time randomization is proposed.The randomization unit is composed of two parts,namely the configurable register array(R-A)and the decoder(chiefly random number generator,RNG).In this way,registers chosen can be either valid or invalid depending on the configuration information generated by the decoder.Thus,the fault sensitivity information can be confusing.Meanwhile,based on this model,a defensive scheme is designed to resist both fault sensitivity analysis(FSA)and differential power analysis(DPA).This scheme is verified with our experiments.