To investigate the neural underpinnings of the effect of nutrition, brain activity of six young healthy volunteers who had a breakfast including various nutrients was compared to when they skipped breakfast or had onl...To investigate the neural underpinnings of the effect of nutrition, brain activity of six young healthy volunteers who had a breakfast including various nutrients was compared to when they skipped breakfast or had only sugar for breakfast by functional magnetic resonance imaging. A repeated measure counterbalanced crossover design was employed. We demonstrated that significantly higher brain activation was observed in the medial aspect of the prefrontal cortex when the subjects had a nutritionally balanced breakfast while the subjects were conducting N-back tasks. This preliminary report was the first to demonstrate by means of brain imaging techniques that taking various nutrients as breakfast as well sugar has relevant impacts on underlying physiological events or cognition.展开更多
文摘目的探讨功能性近红外光谱成像(functional near-infrared spectroscopy,fNIRS)对重性抑郁障碍(Major Depressive Disorder,MDD)患者的N-back表现及相关脑区激活情况。方法去符合美国《精神障碍诊断与统计手册第5版》(diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders,5th Edition,DSM-5)诊断标准的抑郁障碍患者26例为研究对象,并选择22名正常成人作为对照。使用17项汉密尔顿抑郁量表(17-item Hamilton depression scale,HAMD-17)评定患者抑郁症状,数字N-back测试评估工作记忆,应用fNIRS测量执行N-back任务时额叶脑区的激活情况。结果①在正确率和反应时间上,负荷水平主效应显著(P<0.05),组别和负荷水平的交互作用显著(P<0.05)。进行简单效应分析发现,在0-back条件下,MDD患者的正确率和反应时间与健康成人不存在显著差异(P>0.05),在1-back和2-back条件下,MDD患者的正确率和反应时间存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。②与健康对照组相比,MDD患者在2-back任务中,背外侧前额叶皮层(通道3、4、5、6、8)和额极皮层(通道47)氧合血红蛋白(Oxyhemoglobin,Oxy-Hb)的激活明显减少(P<0.05)。结论MDD患者fNIRS实验测试所见证据是背外侧前额叶皮层和额极皮层激活减弱。这一初步结果有待于进一步证实。
文摘To investigate the neural underpinnings of the effect of nutrition, brain activity of six young healthy volunteers who had a breakfast including various nutrients was compared to when they skipped breakfast or had only sugar for breakfast by functional magnetic resonance imaging. A repeated measure counterbalanced crossover design was employed. We demonstrated that significantly higher brain activation was observed in the medial aspect of the prefrontal cortex when the subjects had a nutritionally balanced breakfast while the subjects were conducting N-back tasks. This preliminary report was the first to demonstrate by means of brain imaging techniques that taking various nutrients as breakfast as well sugar has relevant impacts on underlying physiological events or cognition.
