Mystical practices or “Xon” exist in virtually every sector of social life in Senegal. Popular or “navétane” football is particularly and profoundly affected by this phenomenon, to the point of raising questi...Mystical practices or “Xon” exist in virtually every sector of social life in Senegal. Popular or “navétane” football is particularly and profoundly affected by this phenomenon, to the point of raising questions about their place in this sport, which is naturally governed by scientific rules of performance. To provide an answer, we used qualitative methods, including participant observation and semi-structured interviews with 9 coaches and those in charge of the “xonjom”. The main results highlight the predominance of “Xon” over training. The players pay more attention to the mystics. The creation of a commission responsible for occult practices and the efforts made by the players to approach occultists and ensure that their instructions are respected attest to the importance of “xonjom”. As a result of the social anchoring provided by education, popular football is not spared from “xon”. More time is spent practising mysticism than training. They are seen as a source of victory, playing the role of psychological preparation. The centralisation of “xonjom” is reflected in the prioritisation of “xon” over training. The marabouts’ instructions take precedence over those of the trainers.展开更多
In William Golding' s Darkness Visible,Sophy' s experience of " hysterical hallucination" plays an important role in the the matic expression.They point directly to the evil nature of man.Although th...In William Golding' s Darkness Visible,Sophy' s experience of " hysterical hallucination" plays an important role in the the matic expression.They point directly to the evil nature of man.Although the specific content of hallucinations is different,they possess a common characteristic-mystical experience.They worth further research.This paper examines Sophy' s mystical experience in her hyster ical hallucination,so as to find out the functions of mystical experience and its influences on the novel' s thematic expression.展开更多
One feature of Golding' s works is to reveal the theme-the evil nature of man,through the characters' mystical experience.This is obvious in Darkness Visible and Lord of the Flies.This paper tries to find out ...One feature of Golding' s works is to reveal the theme-the evil nature of man,through the characters' mystical experience.This is obvious in Darkness Visible and Lord of the Flies.This paper tries to find out the resource for the writer to use mystical experience through biological approach.展开更多
Upon reading the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus,readers might be confused about the nature of the book,since there seems to be a paradox introduced by the author’s two claims:a)the book conveys truths;b)propositions ...Upon reading the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus,readers might be confused about the nature of the book,since there seems to be a paradox introduced by the author’s two claims:a)the book conveys truths;b)propositions in the book are nonsense.Commentators disagree as to how best to resolve this paradox.Some hold that there are ineffable truths conveyed by nonsense propositions.Others deny this kind of truth,arguing that the book is not all nonsense,for there are some propositions in the book expressing at least the therapeutic truth that philosophical propositions are just nonsense.Recently,some interpreters have claimed that there is no truth at all.While the incoherence of the context is genuine,the purpose of the book is ethical.By diagnosing these interpretations,this paper intends to provide a new perspective toward reading the book by resolving the paradox.The truth of the Tractatus is not a propositional truth,but a specific true thought.The nonsense of the Tractatus is a transcending nonsense,rather than a pure nonsense.The book intends to attain the true thought about the mystical ethics by way of transcending nonsense.In this case,the Tractatus is not an incoherent work at all,since the paradox is not genuine.The fact that the nonsense part is a means to fulfill its ethical purpose makes the book a unified whole.展开更多
The Journey of the Servants to the Place of Return(Seyr al-‘Ibād ilāal-Ma‘ād)is an allegory mathnavi that suggests a man’s spiritual purification through a deeper understanding of creation,the influence of the p...The Journey of the Servants to the Place of Return(Seyr al-‘Ibād ilāal-Ma‘ād)is an allegory mathnavi that suggests a man’s spiritual purification through a deeper understanding of creation,the influence of the planets,and the four elements on his thoughts and behaviors.Their effect will change a man’s life after his death if he does not control them.By taming the negative traits,he may enjoy the bliss of paradise if he does not control them,and may enter into the fire of hell.This mystical/literary work offers practical methods that may eliminate negative traits in an individual’s soul if he practices them.The poet emphasizes the necessity of following a master who guides the pupil through a spiritual journey to achieve perfection and become one with the Creator.展开更多
Pathos, that ＂passion of life and thought,＂ essentially based on the profound aspiration to the beyond, to the unknown, to Mystery, characterized Panikkar＇s entire existence and thought, always placed ＂beyond bord...Pathos, that ＂passion of life and thought,＂ essentially based on the profound aspiration to the beyond, to the unknown, to Mystery, characterized Panikkar＇s entire existence and thought, always placed ＂beyond borders.＂ It is through this ＂empeiria of the soul＂ that the philosopher re-reads the complex issue of faith, connoting it as a constitutive, mystical dimension or ontonomical relationship and consequently as an orthopraxis. From this point of view pathos represents the foundation of his ＂philo-sophia＂ in its etymological meaning of ＂wisdom of love,＂ which opens to the pursuit of ＂the fullness of life,＂ an aspiration of every human being. Today, this generates challenges, which only an intra-inter-cultural dialogical approach, open to different perspectives and based on a diatopical hermeneutics, able to put in contact radically different human horizons, can respond.展开更多
文摘Mystical practices or “Xon” exist in virtually every sector of social life in Senegal. Popular or “navétane” football is particularly and profoundly affected by this phenomenon, to the point of raising questions about their place in this sport, which is naturally governed by scientific rules of performance. To provide an answer, we used qualitative methods, including participant observation and semi-structured interviews with 9 coaches and those in charge of the “xonjom”. The main results highlight the predominance of “Xon” over training. The players pay more attention to the mystics. The creation of a commission responsible for occult practices and the efforts made by the players to approach occultists and ensure that their instructions are respected attest to the importance of “xonjom”. As a result of the social anchoring provided by education, popular football is not spared from “xon”. More time is spent practising mysticism than training. They are seen as a source of victory, playing the role of psychological preparation. The centralisation of “xonjom” is reflected in the prioritisation of “xon” over training. The marabouts’ instructions take precedence over those of the trainers.
文摘In William Golding' s Darkness Visible,Sophy' s experience of " hysterical hallucination" plays an important role in the the matic expression.They point directly to the evil nature of man.Although the specific content of hallucinations is different,they possess a common characteristic-mystical experience.They worth further research.This paper examines Sophy' s mystical experience in her hyster ical hallucination,so as to find out the functions of mystical experience and its influences on the novel' s thematic expression.
文摘One feature of Golding' s works is to reveal the theme-the evil nature of man,through the characters' mystical experience.This is obvious in Darkness Visible and Lord of the Flies.This paper tries to find out the resource for the writer to use mystical experience through biological approach.
基金supported by National Social Science Fund of China(NO.17CZX046)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Upon reading the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus,readers might be confused about the nature of the book,since there seems to be a paradox introduced by the author’s two claims:a)the book conveys truths;b)propositions in the book are nonsense.Commentators disagree as to how best to resolve this paradox.Some hold that there are ineffable truths conveyed by nonsense propositions.Others deny this kind of truth,arguing that the book is not all nonsense,for there are some propositions in the book expressing at least the therapeutic truth that philosophical propositions are just nonsense.Recently,some interpreters have claimed that there is no truth at all.While the incoherence of the context is genuine,the purpose of the book is ethical.By diagnosing these interpretations,this paper intends to provide a new perspective toward reading the book by resolving the paradox.The truth of the Tractatus is not a propositional truth,but a specific true thought.The nonsense of the Tractatus is a transcending nonsense,rather than a pure nonsense.The book intends to attain the true thought about the mystical ethics by way of transcending nonsense.In this case,the Tractatus is not an incoherent work at all,since the paradox is not genuine.The fact that the nonsense part is a means to fulfill its ethical purpose makes the book a unified whole.
文摘The Journey of the Servants to the Place of Return(Seyr al-‘Ibād ilāal-Ma‘ād)is an allegory mathnavi that suggests a man’s spiritual purification through a deeper understanding of creation,the influence of the planets,and the four elements on his thoughts and behaviors.Their effect will change a man’s life after his death if he does not control them.By taming the negative traits,he may enjoy the bliss of paradise if he does not control them,and may enter into the fire of hell.This mystical/literary work offers practical methods that may eliminate negative traits in an individual’s soul if he practices them.The poet emphasizes the necessity of following a master who guides the pupil through a spiritual journey to achieve perfection and become one with the Creator.
文摘Pathos, that ＂passion of life and thought,＂ essentially based on the profound aspiration to the beyond, to the unknown, to Mystery, characterized Panikkar＇s entire existence and thought, always placed ＂beyond borders.＂ It is through this ＂empeiria of the soul＂ that the philosopher re-reads the complex issue of faith, connoting it as a constitutive, mystical dimension or ontonomical relationship and consequently as an orthopraxis. From this point of view pathos represents the foundation of his ＂philo-sophia＂ in its etymological meaning of ＂wisdom of love,＂ which opens to the pursuit of ＂the fullness of life,＂ an aspiration of every human being. Today, this generates challenges, which only an intra-inter-cultural dialogical approach, open to different perspectives and based on a diatopical hermeneutics, able to put in contact radically different human horizons, can respond.
