Osteoporosis has become a serious health problem throughout the world which is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and mortality among the people of middle to old ages.Diabetes is also a major health p...Osteoporosis has become a serious health problem throughout the world which is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and mortality among the people of middle to old ages.Diabetes is also a major health problem among the people of all age ranges and the sufferers due to this abnormality increasing day by day.The aim of this review is to summarize the possible mechanisms through which diabetes may induce osteoporosis.Diabetes mellitus generally exerts its effect on different parts of the body including bone cells specially the osteoblast and osteoclast,muscles,retina of the eyes,adipose tissue,endocrine system specially parathyroid hormone(PTH) and estrogen,cytokines,nervous system and digestive system.Diabetes negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation and function while positively regulates osteoclast differentiation and function through the regulation of different intermediate factors and thereby decreases bone formation while increases bone resorption.Some factors such as diabetic neuropathy,reactive oxygen species,Vitamin D,PTH have their effects on muscle cells.Diabetes decreases the muscle strength through regulating these factors in various ways and ultimately increases the risk of fall that may cause bone fractures.展开更多
目的:研究电针对去神经支配骨骼肌萎缩大鼠PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路的影响,探讨电针延缓去神经支配骨骼肌萎缩的治疗机制。方法:SD雄性大鼠63只随机分为假手术组(n=21)、模型组(n=21)和电针组(n=21)。模型组、电针组通过暴露并切断坐骨神...目的:研究电针对去神经支配骨骼肌萎缩大鼠PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路的影响,探讨电针延缓去神经支配骨骼肌萎缩的治疗机制。方法:SD雄性大鼠63只随机分为假手术组(n=21)、模型组(n=21)和电针组(n=21)。模型组、电针组通过暴露并切断坐骨神经的方法制作去神经支配腓肠肌动物模型,假手术组暴露坐骨神经但不切断。术后1d,电针组术侧进行电针治疗,其余两组不做任何处理。分别在术后7d、14d和21d取材,测定术侧腓肠肌湿重比,Masson染色测定腓肠肌纤维直径、截面积,Western Blot检测PI3K、Akt以及mTOR蛋白表达、Akt以及mTOR蛋白磷酸化,PCR检测PI3K、Akt和mTOR基因表达。结果:模型组与电针组大鼠腓肠肌的湿重比、肌纤维截直径以及面积均显著低于假手术组(P<0.001),且模型组与电针组比较,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);电针组的PI3K、p-Akt、p-mTOR蛋白表达量均高于模型组与假手术组(P<0.05);电针组的PI3K、Akt、mTOR m RNA表达也明显高于其余两组(P<0.05)。结论:电针可延缓去神经性骨骼肌萎缩,其作用机制可能与电针激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路有关。展开更多
文摘Osteoporosis has become a serious health problem throughout the world which is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and mortality among the people of middle to old ages.Diabetes is also a major health problem among the people of all age ranges and the sufferers due to this abnormality increasing day by day.The aim of this review is to summarize the possible mechanisms through which diabetes may induce osteoporosis.Diabetes mellitus generally exerts its effect on different parts of the body including bone cells specially the osteoblast and osteoclast,muscles,retina of the eyes,adipose tissue,endocrine system specially parathyroid hormone(PTH) and estrogen,cytokines,nervous system and digestive system.Diabetes negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation and function while positively regulates osteoclast differentiation and function through the regulation of different intermediate factors and thereby decreases bone formation while increases bone resorption.Some factors such as diabetic neuropathy,reactive oxygen species,Vitamin D,PTH have their effects on muscle cells.Diabetes decreases the muscle strength through regulating these factors in various ways and ultimately increases the risk of fall that may cause bone fractures.
文摘目的:研究电针对去神经支配骨骼肌萎缩大鼠PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路的影响,探讨电针延缓去神经支配骨骼肌萎缩的治疗机制。方法:SD雄性大鼠63只随机分为假手术组(n=21)、模型组(n=21)和电针组(n=21)。模型组、电针组通过暴露并切断坐骨神经的方法制作去神经支配腓肠肌动物模型,假手术组暴露坐骨神经但不切断。术后1d,电针组术侧进行电针治疗,其余两组不做任何处理。分别在术后7d、14d和21d取材,测定术侧腓肠肌湿重比,Masson染色测定腓肠肌纤维直径、截面积,Western Blot检测PI3K、Akt以及mTOR蛋白表达、Akt以及mTOR蛋白磷酸化,PCR检测PI3K、Akt和mTOR基因表达。结果:模型组与电针组大鼠腓肠肌的湿重比、肌纤维截直径以及面积均显著低于假手术组(P<0.001),且模型组与电针组比较,差异具有显著性(P<0.05);电针组的PI3K、p-Akt、p-mTOR蛋白表达量均高于模型组与假手术组(P<0.05);电针组的PI3K、Akt、mTOR m RNA表达也明显高于其余两组(P<0.05)。结论:电针可延缓去神经性骨骼肌萎缩,其作用机制可能与电针激活PI3K/Akt/mTOR信号通路有关。
