大气细颗粒物中有机物含量占20%~80%,部分有机物除具有较强的毒性外,还具有较强吸湿性,影响大气环境质量.因此,为充分研究细颗粒物中一元羧酸的来源及其对大气环境的影响,于2020年在秦皇岛市区(海港区站点)和工业园区(昌黎站点)采集细...大气细颗粒物中有机物含量占20%~80%,部分有机物除具有较强的毒性外,还具有较强吸湿性,影响大气环境质量.因此,为充分研究细颗粒物中一元羧酸的来源及其对大气环境的影响,于2020年在秦皇岛市区(海港区站点)和工业园区(昌黎站点)采集细颗粒物,经预处理的样品用三氟化硼-甲醇(BF 3-CH 3OH)衍生化试剂衍生后,采用气相色谱质谱联用(GC-MS)的方法对PM_(2.5)中的一元羧酸进行测定,一共检测到17种一元羧酸(碳数分布在10~24之间).结果表明:①PM_(2.5)浓度的季节性变化呈冬季>秋季>春季>夏季的特征,且工业园区(昌黎站点)PM_(2.5)浓度为21.40~112.41μg/m^(3),高于市区(海港区站点为9.01~104.88μg/m^(3)).②两个采样点一元羧酸浓度的季节性变化特征并不明显,海港区站点、昌黎站点一元羧酸的年均浓度分别为873.91、895.22 ng m^(3).③两个站点碳数小于22的一元羧酸浓度均表现出明显的偶数碳优势,海港区站点、昌黎站点浓度最高的一元羧酸均为棕榈酸(C_(16)),年均浓度分别为512.86、514.34 ng m^(3);其次是硬脂酸(C_(18)),年均浓度分别为270.06、268.17 ng m^(3).两站点各季节C_(16)和C_(18)分别占一元羧酸总浓度的48.83%~66.40%和22.81%~36.96%.一元羧酸的碳优势指数(CPI)与植物贡献的一元羧酸(碳数≥22)总浓度呈负相关.④根据碳数分布规律、∑C_(≥22)∑C_(<22)(碳数大于等于22的一元羧酸与碳数小于22的一元羧酸浓度的比值)、C_(18)C_(16)(硬脂酸和棕榈酸浓度的比值)、CPI值以及C_(18)∶1 C_(18)(油酸与硬脂酸浓度的比值)来初步判断一元羧酸的来源及其对大气环境的影响,发现秦皇岛市两个站点夏季大气氧化性最强(市区大气氧化性较工业园区强),春、秋两季大气氧化性较弱,尤其是工业园区春季大气氧化性最弱,其一元羧酸主要来自本地源;燃煤、机动车尾气排放、道路扬尘以及肉类烹饪是大气PM_(2.5)中一元羧酸展开更多
The APPSwe/PSEN1 dE9（APP/PS1） transgenic mouse model is an Alzheimer＇s disease mouse model exhibiting symptoms of dementia, and is commonly used to explore pathological changes in the development of Alzheimer＇s di...The APPSwe/PSEN1 dE9（APP/PS1） transgenic mouse model is an Alzheimer＇s disease mouse model exhibiting symptoms of dementia, and is commonly used to explore pathological changes in the development of Alzheimer＇s disease. Previous clinical autopsy and imaging studies suggest that Alzheimer＇s disease patients have white matter and oligodendrocyte damage, but the underlying mechanisms of these have not been revealed. Therefore, the present study used APP/PS1 mice to assess cognitive change, myelin loss, and corresponding changes in oligodendrocytes, and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Morris water maze tests were performed to evaluate cognitive change in APP/PS1 mice and normal C57 BL/6 mice aged 3 and 6 months. Luxol fast blue staining of the corpus callosum and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction（q RT-PCR） for myelin basic protein（MBP） mRNA were carried out to quantify myelin damage. Immunohistochemistry staining for NG2 and qRT-PCR for monocarboxylic acid transporter 1（MCT1） mRNA were conducted to assess corresponding changes in oligodendrocytes. Our results demonstrate that compared with C57 BL/6 mice, there was a downregulation of MBP mRNA in APP/PS1 mice aged 3 months. This became more obvious in APP/PS1 mice aged 6 months accompanied by other abnormalities such as prolonged escape latency in the Morris water maze test, shrinkage of the corpus callosum, upregulation of NG2-immunoreactive cells, and downregulation of MCT1 mRNA. These findings indicate that the involvement of early demyelination at 3 months and the oligodendrocyte dysfunction at 6 months in APP/PS1 mice are in association with Alzheimer＇s disease pathogenesis.展开更多
Monocarboxylic acid transporter 2 （MCT2） transports pyruvate and lactate outside and inside of sperms, mainly as energy sources and plays roles in the regulation of spermatogenesis. We investigated the association a...Monocarboxylic acid transporter 2 （MCT2） transports pyruvate and lactate outside and inside of sperms, mainly as energy sources and plays roles in the regulation of spermatogenesis. We investigated the association among genetic variations in the MCT2 gene, male infertility and MCT2 expression levels in sperm. The functional and genetic significance of the intron 2 （＋28201A 〉 G, rs10506398） and 3＇ untranslated region （UTR） single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） （＋2626G 〉 A, rs10506399） of MCT2 variants were investigated. Two MCT2 polymorphisms were associated with male infertility （n = 471, P 〈 0.05）. In particular, the MCT2-3＇ UTR SNP （＋2626 G 〉 A） had a strong association with the oligoasthenoteratozoospermia （OAT） group. The ＋2626GG type had an almost 2.4-fold higher sperm count than that of the ＋2626AA type （＋2626GG; 66 x 106 vs ＋2626AA; 27 x 106, P 〈 0.0001）. The MCT2-3＇ UTR SNP may be important for expression, as it is located at the MCT2 3＇ UTR. The average MCT2 protein amount in sperm of the ＋2626GG type was about two times higher than that of the ＋2626AA type. The results suggest that genetic variation in MCT2 has functional and clinical relevance with male infertility.展开更多
文摘大气细颗粒物中有机物含量占20%~80%,部分有机物除具有较强的毒性外,还具有较强吸湿性,影响大气环境质量.因此,为充分研究细颗粒物中一元羧酸的来源及其对大气环境的影响,于2020年在秦皇岛市区(海港区站点)和工业园区(昌黎站点)采集细颗粒物,经预处理的样品用三氟化硼-甲醇(BF 3-CH 3OH)衍生化试剂衍生后,采用气相色谱质谱联用(GC-MS)的方法对PM_(2.5)中的一元羧酸进行测定,一共检测到17种一元羧酸(碳数分布在10~24之间).结果表明:①PM_(2.5)浓度的季节性变化呈冬季>秋季>春季>夏季的特征,且工业园区(昌黎站点)PM_(2.5)浓度为21.40~112.41μg/m^(3),高于市区(海港区站点为9.01~104.88μg/m^(3)).②两个采样点一元羧酸浓度的季节性变化特征并不明显,海港区站点、昌黎站点一元羧酸的年均浓度分别为873.91、895.22 ng m^(3).③两个站点碳数小于22的一元羧酸浓度均表现出明显的偶数碳优势,海港区站点、昌黎站点浓度最高的一元羧酸均为棕榈酸(C_(16)),年均浓度分别为512.86、514.34 ng m^(3);其次是硬脂酸(C_(18)),年均浓度分别为270.06、268.17 ng m^(3).两站点各季节C_(16)和C_(18)分别占一元羧酸总浓度的48.83%~66.40%和22.81%~36.96%.一元羧酸的碳优势指数(CPI)与植物贡献的一元羧酸(碳数≥22)总浓度呈负相关.④根据碳数分布规律、∑C_(≥22)∑C_(<22)(碳数大于等于22的一元羧酸与碳数小于22的一元羧酸浓度的比值)、C_(18)C_(16)(硬脂酸和棕榈酸浓度的比值)、CPI值以及C_(18)∶1 C_(18)(油酸与硬脂酸浓度的比值)来初步判断一元羧酸的来源及其对大气环境的影响,发现秦皇岛市两个站点夏季大气氧化性最强(市区大气氧化性较工业园区强),春、秋两季大气氧化性较弱,尤其是工业园区春季大气氧化性最弱,其一元羧酸主要来自本地源;燃煤、机动车尾气排放、道路扬尘以及肉类烹饪是大气PM_(2.5)中一元羧酸
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81371395the Liaoning Scientific and Technological Preferential Finance for Returned Overseas 2015 of China,No.[2015]125+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China,No.20170541021,2015020547a grant from the Shenyang Science Technology Project,No.F16-206-9-12the China Post-doctoral Science Foundation,No.2015M581375
文摘The APPSwe/PSEN1 dE9（APP/PS1） transgenic mouse model is an Alzheimer＇s disease mouse model exhibiting symptoms of dementia, and is commonly used to explore pathological changes in the development of Alzheimer＇s disease. Previous clinical autopsy and imaging studies suggest that Alzheimer＇s disease patients have white matter and oligodendrocyte damage, but the underlying mechanisms of these have not been revealed. Therefore, the present study used APP/PS1 mice to assess cognitive change, myelin loss, and corresponding changes in oligodendrocytes, and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Morris water maze tests were performed to evaluate cognitive change in APP/PS1 mice and normal C57 BL/6 mice aged 3 and 6 months. Luxol fast blue staining of the corpus callosum and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction（q RT-PCR） for myelin basic protein（MBP） mRNA were carried out to quantify myelin damage. Immunohistochemistry staining for NG2 and qRT-PCR for monocarboxylic acid transporter 1（MCT1） mRNA were conducted to assess corresponding changes in oligodendrocytes. Our results demonstrate that compared with C57 BL/6 mice, there was a downregulation of MBP mRNA in APP/PS1 mice aged 3 months. This became more obvious in APP/PS1 mice aged 6 months accompanied by other abnormalities such as prolonged escape latency in the Morris water maze test, shrinkage of the corpus callosum, upregulation of NG2-immunoreactive cells, and downregulation of MCT1 mRNA. These findings indicate that the involvement of early demyelination at 3 months and the oligodendrocyte dysfunction at 6 months in APP/PS1 mice are in association with Alzheimer＇s disease pathogenesis.
文摘Monocarboxylic acid transporter 2 （MCT2） transports pyruvate and lactate outside and inside of sperms, mainly as energy sources and plays roles in the regulation of spermatogenesis. We investigated the association among genetic variations in the MCT2 gene, male infertility and MCT2 expression levels in sperm. The functional and genetic significance of the intron 2 （＋28201A 〉 G, rs10506398） and 3＇ untranslated region （UTR） single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） （＋2626G 〉 A, rs10506399） of MCT2 variants were investigated. Two MCT2 polymorphisms were associated with male infertility （n = 471, P 〈 0.05）. In particular, the MCT2-3＇ UTR SNP （＋2626 G 〉 A） had a strong association with the oligoasthenoteratozoospermia （OAT） group. The ＋2626GG type had an almost 2.4-fold higher sperm count than that of the ＋2626AA type （＋2626GG; 66 x 106 vs ＋2626AA; 27 x 106, P 〈 0.0001）. The MCT2-3＇ UTR SNP may be important for expression, as it is located at the MCT2 3＇ UTR. The average MCT2 protein amount in sperm of the ＋2626GG type was about two times higher than that of the ＋2626AA type. The results suggest that genetic variation in MCT2 has functional and clinical relevance with male infertility.
