"Vasculogenic mimicry(VM)",is a term that describes the unique ability of highly aggressive tumor cells to express a multipotent,stem cell-like phenotype,and form a pattern of vasculogenic-like networks in t..."Vasculogenic mimicry(VM)",is a term that describes the unique ability of highly aggressive tumor cells to express a multipotent,stem cell-like phenotype,and form a pattern of vasculogenic-like networks in threedimensional culture.As an angiogenesis-independent pathway,VM and/or periodic acid-schiff-positive patterns are associated with poor prognosis in tumor patients.Moreover,VM is resistant to angiogenesis inhibitors.Here,we will review the advances in research on biochemical and molecular signaling pathways of VM in tumors and on potential anti-VM therapy strategy.展开更多
目的:采用网络药理学方法研究肉苁蓉治疗骨质疏松的作用机制。方法:通过检索中药系统药理学分析平台(TCMSP)获取肉苁蓉的活性成分,采用反向分子对接服务器DRAR-CPI及相关数据库GeneCards、OMIM筛选肉苁蓉活性成分治疗骨质疏松的作用靶标...目的:采用网络药理学方法研究肉苁蓉治疗骨质疏松的作用机制。方法:通过检索中药系统药理学分析平台(TCMSP)获取肉苁蓉的活性成分,采用反向分子对接服务器DRAR-CPI及相关数据库GeneCards、OMIM筛选肉苁蓉活性成分治疗骨质疏松的作用靶标;采用软件Cytoscape构建肉苁蓉的"成分-靶标"网络,结合数据库String和Cytoscape绘制靶标间相互作用关系;通过服务器Systems Dock WebSite将靶标与活性成分进行分子对接评估二者间的结合活性以进行验证;最后再利用数据库DAVID对靶标基因进行基因本体分类富集分析与京都基因与基因组百科全书通路富集分析。结果:从肉苁蓉中筛选出的活性成分有13个,主要为毛蕊花糖苷、益母草碱、京尼平酸等;活性成分作用的潜在靶标有43个,主要有成骨分化特异性转录分子2(RUNX2)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、骨生长蛋白因子(BGP)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)等;靶标作用涉及的信号通路有多条,主要为WNT(Wingless/Integrated)、VEGF、TNF等。结论:本研究初步探讨并验证了肉苁蓉治疗骨质疏松的主要靶标和通路,为后续进一步研究其作用机制奠定了基础。展开更多
Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treats diseases in a holistic manner, while TCM formulae are multi-component, multi-target agents at the molecular level. Thus there are many parallels between the key id...Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treats diseases in a holistic manner, while TCM formulae are multi-component, multi-target agents at the molecular level. Thus there are many parallels between the key ideas of TCM pharmacology and network pharmacology. These years, TCM network pharmacology has developed as an interdisciplinary of TCM science and network pharmacology, which studies the mechanism of TCM at the molecular level and in the context of biological networks. It provides a new research paradigm that can use modern biomedical science to interpret the mechanism of TCM, which is promising to accelerate the modernization and internationalization of TCM? Results: In this paper we introduce state-of-the-art free data sources, web servers and softwares that can be used in the TCM network pharmacology, including databases of TCM, drug targets and diseases, web servers for the prediction of drug targets, and tools for network and functional analysis. Conclusions: This review could help experimental pharmacologists make better use of the existing data and methods in their study of TCM.展开更多
The possible relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and colorectal cancer (CRC), concerning pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms is highlighted in this review. The most recent and complete articles and dev...The possible relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and colorectal cancer (CRC), concerning pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms is highlighted in this review. The most recent and complete articles and developments in this particular field were thoroughly reviewed. Common risk factors, such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and Western diet between DM and CRC, led to the theory that DM might be a causal agent for CRC development. Various studies have connected type 2 DM and CRC, either proximal or distal, in both sexes. Additionally, chronic insulin treatment has been linked with increased colorectal tumor risk among type 2 diabetic patients. Interestingly, elevated hemoglobin A1c has been proven to be an independent predictor of aggressive clinical behavior in CRC patients. These mechanisms include the insulin-like growth factor-hyperinsulinemia theory and the participation of oncogenic intracellular signaling pathways. Furthermore, it has been proposed that Cox-2 inhibitors might have a role in decreasing the incidence of CRC. Finally, the use of statins to reduce the risk for colon cancer in patients with diabetes has remained controversial. Diabetic patients over 50 should receive counseling regarding their elevated risk for CRC, and screening colonoscopy should be recommended before initiating insulin therapy. However, there are no current guidelines, and this strategy is not yet applicable to some countries, as the corresponding risk would not allow screening colonoscopy to be adopted. There is strong evidence to indicate that DM is a causal agent for CRC development. This conclusion provides new impetus for re-evaluating CRC screening worldwide.展开更多
Ursolic acid(UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene of the ursane type. As a common chemical constituent among species of the family Lamiaceae, UA possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. This overview focus...Ursolic acid(UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene of the ursane type. As a common chemical constituent among species of the family Lamiaceae, UA possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. This overview focuses on the anticancer properties of UA against breast cancer(BC) and colorectal cancer(CRC)that are most common among women and men, respectively. In vitro studies have shown that UA inhibited the growth of BC and CRC cell lines through various molecular targets and signaling pathways.There are several in vivo studies on the cytotoxic activity of UA against BC and CRC. UA also inhibits the growth of other types of cancer. Studies on structural modifications of UA have shown that the –OH groups at C3 and at C28 are critical factors influencing the cytotoxic activity of UA and its derivatives.Some needs for future research are suggested. Sources of information were from ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and PubMed.展开更多
The gastrointestinal tract is frequently challenged by pathogens/antigens contained in food and water and the intestinal epithelium must be capable of rapid regeneration in the event of tissue damage. Disruption of t... The gastrointestinal tract is frequently challenged by pathogens/antigens contained in food and water and the intestinal epithelium must be capable of rapid regeneration in the event of tissue damage. Disruption of the intestinal barrier leads to a number of immune-mediated diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, food allergy, and celiac disease. The intestinal mucosa is composed of different types of epithelial cells in specific barrier functions. Epithelial cells control surfaceassociated bacterial populations without disrupting the intestinal microflora that is crucial for host health. They are also capable of modulating mucosal immune system, and are thus essential in maintaining homeostasis in the gut. Thus, the regulation of intestinal epithelial homeostasis is crucial for the maintenance of the structure of the mucosa and the defensive barrier functions. Recent studies have demonstrated that multiple molecular pathways are involved in the regulation of intestinal epithelial cell polarity. These include the Wnt, Notch, Hippo, transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) and Hedgehog pathways, most of which were identified in lower organisms where they play important roles during embryogenesis. These pathways are also used in adult organisms to regulate multiple self-renewing organs. Understanding the interactions between these molecular mechanisms and intestinal barrier function will therefore provide important insight into the pathogenesis of intestinal-based immune-mediated diseases.展开更多
基金Supported by A grant from the National Nature Science Foundation of China,No. 30672073
文摘"Vasculogenic mimicry(VM)",is a term that describes the unique ability of highly aggressive tumor cells to express a multipotent,stem cell-like phenotype,and form a pattern of vasculogenic-like networks in threedimensional culture.As an angiogenesis-independent pathway,VM and/or periodic acid-schiff-positive patterns are associated with poor prognosis in tumor patients.Moreover,VM is resistant to angiogenesis inhibitors.Here,we will review the advances in research on biochemical and molecular signaling pathways of VM in tumors and on potential anti-VM therapy strategy.
文摘目的:采用网络药理学方法研究肉苁蓉治疗骨质疏松的作用机制。方法:通过检索中药系统药理学分析平台(TCMSP)获取肉苁蓉的活性成分,采用反向分子对接服务器DRAR-CPI及相关数据库GeneCards、OMIM筛选肉苁蓉活性成分治疗骨质疏松的作用靶标;采用软件Cytoscape构建肉苁蓉的"成分-靶标"网络,结合数据库String和Cytoscape绘制靶标间相互作用关系;通过服务器Systems Dock WebSite将靶标与活性成分进行分子对接评估二者间的结合活性以进行验证;最后再利用数据库DAVID对靶标基因进行基因本体分类富集分析与京都基因与基因组百科全书通路富集分析。结果:从肉苁蓉中筛选出的活性成分有13个,主要为毛蕊花糖苷、益母草碱、京尼平酸等;活性成分作用的潜在靶标有43个,主要有成骨分化特异性转录分子2(RUNX2)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、骨生长蛋白因子(BGP)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)等;靶标作用涉及的信号通路有多条,主要为WNT(Wingless/Integrated)、VEGF、TNF等。结论:本研究初步探讨并验证了肉苁蓉治疗骨质疏松的主要靶标和通路,为后续进一步研究其作用机制奠定了基础。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81520108030, 21472238,61372194 and 81260672)Professor of Chang Jiang Scholars Program, Shanghai Engineering Research Center for the Preparation of Bioactive Natural Products (No. 16DZ2280200)+3 种基金the Scientific Foundation of Shanghai China (Nos. 13401900103 and 13401900101)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFC1700200)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (No. cstc2018jcyjAX0090)Chongqing Education Reform Project of Graduate (No. yjgl52017).
文摘Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treats diseases in a holistic manner, while TCM formulae are multi-component, multi-target agents at the molecular level. Thus there are many parallels between the key ideas of TCM pharmacology and network pharmacology. These years, TCM network pharmacology has developed as an interdisciplinary of TCM science and network pharmacology, which studies the mechanism of TCM at the molecular level and in the context of biological networks. It provides a new research paradigm that can use modern biomedical science to interpret the mechanism of TCM, which is promising to accelerate the modernization and internationalization of TCM? Results: In this paper we introduce state-of-the-art free data sources, web servers and softwares that can be used in the TCM network pharmacology, including databases of TCM, drug targets and diseases, web servers for the prediction of drug targets, and tools for network and functional analysis. Conclusions: This review could help experimental pharmacologists make better use of the existing data and methods in their study of TCM.
文摘The possible relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and colorectal cancer (CRC), concerning pathophysiological and molecular mechanisms is highlighted in this review. The most recent and complete articles and developments in this particular field were thoroughly reviewed. Common risk factors, such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and Western diet between DM and CRC, led to the theory that DM might be a causal agent for CRC development. Various studies have connected type 2 DM and CRC, either proximal or distal, in both sexes. Additionally, chronic insulin treatment has been linked with increased colorectal tumor risk among type 2 diabetic patients. Interestingly, elevated hemoglobin A1c has been proven to be an independent predictor of aggressive clinical behavior in CRC patients. These mechanisms include the insulin-like growth factor-hyperinsulinemia theory and the participation of oncogenic intracellular signaling pathways. Furthermore, it has been proposed that Cox-2 inhibitors might have a role in decreasing the incidence of CRC. Finally, the use of statins to reduce the risk for colon cancer in patients with diabetes has remained controversial. Diabetic patients over 50 should receive counseling regarding their elevated risk for CRC, and screening colonoscopy should be recommended before initiating insulin therapy. However, there are no current guidelines, and this strategy is not yet applicable to some countries, as the corresponding risk would not allow screening colonoscopy to be adopted. There is strong evidence to indicate that DM is a causal agent for CRC development. This conclusion provides new impetus for re-evaluating CRC screening worldwide.
基金funding from UCSI University (Proj-In-FAS-049 Proj-In-FAS-052)+1 种基金the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE),Malaysia (FRGS/2/2014/SG01/UCSI/02/2 FRGS/1/2018/TK10/UCSI/02/1) for supporting our research group
文摘Ursolic acid(UA) is a pentacyclic triterpene of the ursane type. As a common chemical constituent among species of the family Lamiaceae, UA possesses a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. This overview focuses on the anticancer properties of UA against breast cancer(BC) and colorectal cancer(CRC)that are most common among women and men, respectively. In vitro studies have shown that UA inhibited the growth of BC and CRC cell lines through various molecular targets and signaling pathways.There are several in vivo studies on the cytotoxic activity of UA against BC and CRC. UA also inhibits the growth of other types of cancer. Studies on structural modifications of UA have shown that the –OH groups at C3 and at C28 are critical factors influencing the cytotoxic activity of UA and its derivatives.Some needs for future research are suggested. Sources of information were from ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and PubMed.
文摘 The gastrointestinal tract is frequently challenged by pathogens/antigens contained in food and water and the intestinal epithelium must be capable of rapid regeneration in the event of tissue damage. Disruption of the intestinal barrier leads to a number of immune-mediated diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, food allergy, and celiac disease. The intestinal mucosa is composed of different types of epithelial cells in specific barrier functions. Epithelial cells control surfaceassociated bacterial populations without disrupting the intestinal microflora that is crucial for host health. They are also capable of modulating mucosal immune system, and are thus essential in maintaining homeostasis in the gut. Thus, the regulation of intestinal epithelial homeostasis is crucial for the maintenance of the structure of the mucosa and the defensive barrier functions. Recent studies have demonstrated that multiple molecular pathways are involved in the regulation of intestinal epithelial cell polarity. These include the Wnt, Notch, Hippo, transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) and Hedgehog pathways, most of which were identified in lower organisms where they play important roles during embryogenesis. These pathways are also used in adult organisms to regulate multiple self-renewing organs. Understanding the interactions between these molecular mechanisms and intestinal barrier function will therefore provide important insight into the pathogenesis of intestinal-based immune-mediated diseases.
