在自元古代以来的长期地质演化过程中,扬子地块西南部形成了多样化的富含In、Ge、Ga、Cd、Re、Sn、Li、Nb、REE(rare earth element)和PGE(platinum group elements)等不同种类关键金属元素的矿床类型.通过总结以往的研究,本文认为该区...在自元古代以来的长期地质演化过程中,扬子地块西南部形成了多样化的富含In、Ge、Ga、Cd、Re、Sn、Li、Nb、REE(rare earth element)和PGE(platinum group elements)等不同种类关键金属元素的矿床类型.通过总结以往的研究,本文认为该区除晚二叠世与峨眉山地幔柱活动有关的Cu-Ni-PGE岩浆硫化物矿床和新生代与印-亚大陆后碰撞造山作用有关的碳酸岩型REE矿床外,富含关键金属元素矿床的成矿作用主要显示四大特点:(1)古-中元古代发育我国首个被确认的富稀土IOCG成矿省;(2)燕山晚期与花岗岩有关的富In锡石硫化物矿床在面积很小的区域大爆发成矿;(3)印支期和燕山早期花岗岩浆活动微弱,富Ge低温Pb-Zn矿床和低温Au-As-Sb-Hg-Tl矿床广泛发育;(4)埃迪卡拉纪以来的海相沉积岩尤其是黑色页岩和碳酸盐岩广布,多时代富Li、Nb、Zr、Ga、Re、REE、PGE等的沉积和/或风化-沉积矿床大面积分布.在此基础上,进一步总结了区域地质事件与成矿事件的相互关系,提出了一些重要成矿系统值得进一步探索的领域.展开更多
The Songpan-Ganze orogenic belt on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau extends westward from the Songpan-Ganze terrain in western Sichuan to the Tianshuihai region in West Kunlun,Xinjiang.It hosts numerous ...The Songpan-Ganze orogenic belt on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau extends westward from the Songpan-Ganze terrain in western Sichuan to the Tianshuihai region in West Kunlun,Xinjiang.It hosts numerous giant spodumene pegmatite deposits and ore fields,including Jiajika and Ke’eryin in western Sichuan Province,Zhawulong on the border between the Sichuan and Qinghai Provinces,and Dahongliutan in Xinjiang Region.These form the Songpan-Ganze-West Kunlun(SP-GZ-WK) pegmatite-type rare-metal metallogenic belt.The pegmatite type rare-metal deposits in this belt are hosted in the metamorphic thermal domes in the metamorphosed flysh of the Triassic Xikang and Bayankalashan Groups.The mineralized pegmatites are intimately related to the Li-and volatile-rich two-mica granites that are peraluminous and have high(Li+Na+K)/(Mn+Fe+Mg+Ca+Ti) ratios.Pegmatites and granites in individual ore field throughout the belt typically form a cogenetic granite-pegmatite system,in which pegmatite dikes commonly surround granites.Spodumene is the predominant ore mineral in most pegmatites with limited hydrothermal alteration.In the granite-pegmatite systems,granitic magmas were emplaced under P-T conditions of 800–850°C and ~550 MPa,while spodumene crystallized in an alkaline environment.The granite-pegmatite systems share similar Sr-Nd-Hf-Li isotopic compositions to the metasediments of the Xikang and Bayankalashan Groups.The δ7Li values tend to increase from the granites to the Li-poor pegmatites,whereas the reverse is observed between the Li-poor and Li-rich pegmatites.These geochronological data suggest that the granite-pegmatite systems formed in the Late Triassic and tend to be progressively younger from the outer to the inner zones of the metallogenic belt.These characteristics show that the granitic-pegmatitic melts were derived from the anatexis of the Xikang and Bayankalashan Groups during the Paleo-Tethyan orogeny in the Late Triassic.The separation of pegmatitic melts from granitic magmas can be best explained展开更多
文摘在自元古代以来的长期地质演化过程中,扬子地块西南部形成了多样化的富含In、Ge、Ga、Cd、Re、Sn、Li、Nb、REE(rare earth element)和PGE(platinum group elements)等不同种类关键金属元素的矿床类型.通过总结以往的研究,本文认为该区除晚二叠世与峨眉山地幔柱活动有关的Cu-Ni-PGE岩浆硫化物矿床和新生代与印-亚大陆后碰撞造山作用有关的碳酸岩型REE矿床外,富含关键金属元素矿床的成矿作用主要显示四大特点:(1)古-中元古代发育我国首个被确认的富稀土IOCG成矿省;(2)燕山晚期与花岗岩有关的富In锡石硫化物矿床在面积很小的区域大爆发成矿;(3)印支期和燕山早期花岗岩浆活动微弱,富Ge低温Pb-Zn矿床和低温Au-As-Sb-Hg-Tl矿床广泛发育;(4)埃迪卡拉纪以来的海相沉积岩尤其是黑色页岩和碳酸盐岩广布,多时代富Li、Nb、Zr、Ga、Re、REE、PGE等的沉积和/或风化-沉积矿床大面积分布.在此基础上,进一步总结了区域地质事件与成矿事件的相互关系,提出了一些重要成矿系统值得进一步探索的领域.
基金supported by the Chinese National Key R&D Program (Grant No. 2019YFC0605200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41872096 and 42002109)the China Geological Survey Project (Grant Nos. DD20221684 and DD20230289)。
文摘The Songpan-Ganze orogenic belt on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau extends westward from the Songpan-Ganze terrain in western Sichuan to the Tianshuihai region in West Kunlun,Xinjiang.It hosts numerous giant spodumene pegmatite deposits and ore fields,including Jiajika and Ke’eryin in western Sichuan Province,Zhawulong on the border between the Sichuan and Qinghai Provinces,and Dahongliutan in Xinjiang Region.These form the Songpan-Ganze-West Kunlun(SP-GZ-WK) pegmatite-type rare-metal metallogenic belt.The pegmatite type rare-metal deposits in this belt are hosted in the metamorphic thermal domes in the metamorphosed flysh of the Triassic Xikang and Bayankalashan Groups.The mineralized pegmatites are intimately related to the Li-and volatile-rich two-mica granites that are peraluminous and have high(Li+Na+K)/(Mn+Fe+Mg+Ca+Ti) ratios.Pegmatites and granites in individual ore field throughout the belt typically form a cogenetic granite-pegmatite system,in which pegmatite dikes commonly surround granites.Spodumene is the predominant ore mineral in most pegmatites with limited hydrothermal alteration.In the granite-pegmatite systems,granitic magmas were emplaced under P-T conditions of 800–850°C and ~550 MPa,while spodumene crystallized in an alkaline environment.The granite-pegmatite systems share similar Sr-Nd-Hf-Li isotopic compositions to the metasediments of the Xikang and Bayankalashan Groups.The δ7Li values tend to increase from the granites to the Li-poor pegmatites,whereas the reverse is observed between the Li-poor and Li-rich pegmatites.These geochronological data suggest that the granite-pegmatite systems formed in the Late Triassic and tend to be progressively younger from the outer to the inner zones of the metallogenic belt.These characteristics show that the granitic-pegmatitic melts were derived from the anatexis of the Xikang and Bayankalashan Groups during the Paleo-Tethyan orogeny in the Late Triassic.The separation of pegmatitic melts from granitic magmas can be best explained
