In this work,to study the phase structure effect,three groups of Cu/REO catalysts were prepared with cubic and monoclinic Gd_(2)O_(3),Eu_(2)O_(3)and Sm_(2)O_(3) supports for MSR reaction to produce H_(2).Based on CH3O...In this work,to study the phase structure effect,three groups of Cu/REO catalysts were prepared with cubic and monoclinic Gd_(2)O_(3),Eu_(2)O_(3)and Sm_(2)O_(3) supports for MSR reaction to produce H_(2).Based on CH3OH conversion and H_(2)yield,the reaction perfo rmance of the catalysts ranks as Cu/Sm_(2)O_(3)-M>Cu/Sm_(2)O_(3)-C>Cu/Gd_(2)O_(3)-M>Cu/Gd_(2)O_(3)-C>Cu/Eu_(2)O_(3)-M>Cu/Eu_(2)O_(3)-C.For the same kind of REO,Cu supported on the monoclinic support shows better performance than on the cubic one.Despite the phase structure difference,Sm_(2)O_(3) is the best support among all the three kinds of REOs.Compared with Cu/REO catalysts prepared with cubic supports,the corresponding catalysts prepared with monoclinic supports generally possess mo re surface oxygen vacancies,which can generate mo re surface active oxygen(O_(2)^(-)) and moderate basic sites.Moreover,the contents of Cu^(+) on the catalysts follow the same sequence.The reaction performance is positively related to the amount of these three types of surface sites.But metallic Cuo species is necessary to maintain the Cu^(+)■Cu^(0) redox cycle.Furthe rmore,on a catalyst with good perfo rmance,those vital surface reaction intermediates can be stabilized during the reaction.Cu/Sm_(2)O_(3)-M possesses the largest quantities of these surface sites,and has the appropriate amount of Cu^(+) and Cu^(0) after reduction,thereby displaying the optimal performance in all the catalysts.In conclusion,evident support crystal structure effect is observed for Cu/REO catalysts,and a monoclinic phase REO is a better support than the respective cubic phase one.展开更多
Specific energy consumption is an important indicatorfora better understanding of the machinability of materials.The present study aims to estimate the specific energy consumption for abrasive metal cutting with ultra...Specific energy consumption is an important indicatorfora better understanding of the machinability of materials.The present study aims to estimate the specific energy consumption for abrasive metal cutting with ultrathin discs at comparatively low and medium feed rates.Using an experimental technique,the cutting power was measured at four predefined feed rates for S235JR,intermetallic Fe-Al(40%),and C45K with different thermal treatments.The variation in the specific energy consumption with the material removal rate was analyzed through an empirical model,which enabled us to distinguish three phenomena of energy dissipation during material removal.The thermal treatment and mechanical properties of materials have a significant impact on the energy consumption pattern,its corresponding components,and cutting power.Ductile materials consume more specific cutting energy than brttle materials.The specific cutting energy is the minimum energy required to remove the material,and plowing energy is found to be the most significant phenomenon of energy dissipation.展开更多
5 nm logic process is the current leading-edge technology which is under development in world-wide leading foundries.In a typical 5 nm logic process,the Fin pitch is 22~27 nm,the contact-poly pitch(CPP)is 48?55 nm,and...5 nm logic process is the current leading-edge technology which is under development in world-wide leading foundries.In a typical 5 nm logic process,the Fin pitch is 22~27 nm,the contact-poly pitch(CPP)is 48?55 nm,and the minimum metal pitch(MPP)is around 30~36 nm.Due to the fact that these pitches are much smaller than the resolution capability of 193 nm immersion lithography,it is also the first generation which adopts EUV photolithography technology on a large-scale where the process flow can be simplified by single exposure method from more than 10 layers.Relentless scaling brings big challenges to process integration and pushes each process module to the physical and material limit.Therefore,the success of process development will largely depend on careful balance the pros and cons to achieve both performance and yield targets.In the paper,we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of different process approaches for key process loops for 5 nm logic process flow,including dummy poly cut versus metal gate cut approaches in the metal gate loops,self-aligned contact(SAC)versus brutally aligned contact(BAC)approaches,and also introduced the self-aligned double patterning approach in the lower metal processes.Based on the above evaluation,we will provide a recommendation for module's process development.展开更多
A new double alkali metal borate,LiRbB8O13,has been obtained in the sealed system.Its structure consists of two kinds of independent interpenetrating 3D frameworks composed of the fundamental building block,[B8O16]8–...A new double alkali metal borate,LiRbB8O13,has been obtained in the sealed system.Its structure consists of two kinds of independent interpenetrating 3D frameworks composed of the fundamental building block,[B8O16]8–.It crystallizes in the P21/c space group with a=10.950(6),b=7.689(4),c=11.375(7)?,β=96.653(7)°,V=951.2(9)?3,Z=4,F(000)=736,Dc=2.702 g/cm3,Mr=386.89 andμ=5.289 mm–1.The final R=0.0547 and w R=0.1224.The UV-Vis-NIR diffuse reflectance spectrum,infrared spectrum and the first-principle theoretical studies show that the title compound possesses a short cut-off edge and large birefringence.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22172071,22102069,22062013,22262021,21962009)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China(20202BAB203006,20212BAB203030)Key Laboratory Foundation of Jiangxi Province for Environment and Energy Catalysis,China(20181BCD40004).
文摘In this work,to study the phase structure effect,three groups of Cu/REO catalysts were prepared with cubic and monoclinic Gd_(2)O_(3),Eu_(2)O_(3)and Sm_(2)O_(3) supports for MSR reaction to produce H_(2).Based on CH3OH conversion and H_(2)yield,the reaction perfo rmance of the catalysts ranks as Cu/Sm_(2)O_(3)-M>Cu/Sm_(2)O_(3)-C>Cu/Gd_(2)O_(3)-M>Cu/Gd_(2)O_(3)-C>Cu/Eu_(2)O_(3)-M>Cu/Eu_(2)O_(3)-C.For the same kind of REO,Cu supported on the monoclinic support shows better performance than on the cubic one.Despite the phase structure difference,Sm_(2)O_(3) is the best support among all the three kinds of REOs.Compared with Cu/REO catalysts prepared with cubic supports,the corresponding catalysts prepared with monoclinic supports generally possess mo re surface oxygen vacancies,which can generate mo re surface active oxygen(O_(2)^(-)) and moderate basic sites.Moreover,the contents of Cu^(+) on the catalysts follow the same sequence.The reaction performance is positively related to the amount of these three types of surface sites.But metallic Cuo species is necessary to maintain the Cu^(+)■Cu^(0) redox cycle.Furthe rmore,on a catalyst with good perfo rmance,those vital surface reaction intermediates can be stabilized during the reaction.Cu/Sm_(2)O_(3)-M possesses the largest quantities of these surface sites,and has the appropriate amount of Cu^(+) and Cu^(0) after reduction,thereby displaying the optimal performance in all the catalysts.In conclusion,evident support crystal structure effect is observed for Cu/REO catalysts,and a monoclinic phase REO is a better support than the respective cubic phase one.
文摘Specific energy consumption is an important indicatorfora better understanding of the machinability of materials.The present study aims to estimate the specific energy consumption for abrasive metal cutting with ultrathin discs at comparatively low and medium feed rates.Using an experimental technique,the cutting power was measured at four predefined feed rates for S235JR,intermetallic Fe-Al(40%),and C45K with different thermal treatments.The variation in the specific energy consumption with the material removal rate was analyzed through an empirical model,which enabled us to distinguish three phenomena of energy dissipation during material removal.The thermal treatment and mechanical properties of materials have a significant impact on the energy consumption pattern,its corresponding components,and cutting power.Ductile materials consume more specific cutting energy than brttle materials.The specific cutting energy is the minimum energy required to remove the material,and plowing energy is found to be the most significant phenomenon of energy dissipation.
基金I thank the higher management team from Shanghai IC R&D Company for the support of this work.
文摘5 nm logic process is the current leading-edge technology which is under development in world-wide leading foundries.In a typical 5 nm logic process,the Fin pitch is 22~27 nm,the contact-poly pitch(CPP)is 48?55 nm,and the minimum metal pitch(MPP)is around 30~36 nm.Due to the fact that these pitches are much smaller than the resolution capability of 193 nm immersion lithography,it is also the first generation which adopts EUV photolithography technology on a large-scale where the process flow can be simplified by single exposure method from more than 10 layers.Relentless scaling brings big challenges to process integration and pushes each process module to the physical and material limit.Therefore,the success of process development will largely depend on careful balance the pros and cons to achieve both performance and yield targets.In the paper,we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of different process approaches for key process loops for 5 nm logic process flow,including dummy poly cut versus metal gate cut approaches in the metal gate loops,self-aligned contact(SAC)versus brutally aligned contact(BAC)approaches,and also introduced the self-aligned double patterning approach in the lower metal processes.Based on the above evaluation,we will provide a recommendation for module's process development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61835014,U1703127,51972336)Shanghai Cooperation Organization Science and Technology Partnership Program(2020E01019)+1 种基金Xinjiang Outstanding Young Talents in Science and Technology(2018Q004)Fujian Institute of Innovation,CAS。
文摘A new double alkali metal borate,LiRbB8O13,has been obtained in the sealed system.Its structure consists of two kinds of independent interpenetrating 3D frameworks composed of the fundamental building block,[B8O16]8–.It crystallizes in the P21/c space group with a=10.950(6),b=7.689(4),c=11.375(7)?,β=96.653(7)°,V=951.2(9)?3,Z=4,F(000)=736,Dc=2.702 g/cm3,Mr=386.89 andμ=5.289 mm–1.The final R=0.0547 and w R=0.1224.The UV-Vis-NIR diffuse reflectance spectrum,infrared spectrum and the first-principle theoretical studies show that the title compound possesses a short cut-off edge and large birefringence.
