关联作图是一种利用连锁不平衡(linkage disequilibrium,LD)检测自然群体中基因位点及其等位变异的方法。利用60个SSR标记,对全国大豆地方品种群体(393份代表性材料)和野生大豆群体(196份代表性材料)的基因组变异进行扫描,分析两类群体...关联作图是一种利用连锁不平衡(linkage disequilibrium,LD)检测自然群体中基因位点及其等位变异的方法。利用60个SSR标记,对全国大豆地方品种群体(393份代表性材料)和野生大豆群体(196份代表性材料)的基因组变异进行扫描,分析两类群体的连锁不平衡位点、群体结构,并采用TASSEL软件的GLM(general linear model)方法对16个农艺、品质性状观测值进行标记与性状的关联分析。结果表明:(1)在公共图谱上不论共线性的或是非共线性的SSR位点组合都有一定程度的LD,说明历史上发生过连锁群间的重组;栽培群体的连锁不平衡成对位点数较野生群体多,但野生群体位点间连锁不平衡程度高,随距离的衰减慢。(2)群体SSR数据遗传结构分析发现,栽培群体和野生群体分别由9和4个亚群体组成,亚群的划分与群体地理生态类型相关联,证实地理生态类型划分有其遗传基础。(3)栽培群体中累计有27个位点与性状相关;野生大豆种质中累计有34个位点与性状相关。部分标记在两类群体中都表现与同一性状关联,检出的位点有一致性,也有互补性;一些标记同时与2个或多个性状相关联,可能是性状相关乃至一因多效的遗传基础;关联位点中累计有24位点(次)与遗传群体连锁分析定位的QTL一致。展开更多
大豆贮藏蛋白主要成分是7S和11S球蛋白,大豆贮藏蛋白组分及其亚基组成决定了蛋白质的品质和加工特性。本研究选用134对细胞核SSR标记,对166份栽培大豆微核心种质进行基因分型,运用一般线性回归(general linear model,GLM)和复合线性回归...大豆贮藏蛋白主要成分是7S和11S球蛋白,大豆贮藏蛋白组分及其亚基组成决定了蛋白质的品质和加工特性。本研究选用134对细胞核SSR标记,对166份栽培大豆微核心种质进行基因分型,运用一般线性回归(general linear model,GLM)和复合线性回归(mixed linear model,MLM)方法进行标记与性状的关联分析,定位大豆蛋白亚基的相关基因。结果表明,2年均检测到的且与蛋白亚基相关联的SSR位点有14个,以MLM方法检测到5个SSR位点(Sat_062、Satt583、Satt291、Satt234和Satt595)与蛋白亚基相关联;7S组分各亚基变异程度较大,是引起11S/7S变异的主要原因;表型变异较大的亚基可能因为相关基因进化中发生重组较多,LD衰减距离较小,导致检测到较少的相关位点。本研究结果对蛋白亚基相关性状的标记辅助选择育种有重要的利用价值。展开更多
为了便于从黄淮海大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merr.]新品种(系)中筛选出适应在江汉平原种植的高产大豆品种(系),以新引进的13个新育成的黄淮海大豆品种(系)为研究对象,利用灰色关联分析结合相关分析法解析大豆产量相关主要农艺性状的主次关...为了便于从黄淮海大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merr.]新品种(系)中筛选出适应在江汉平原种植的高产大豆品种(系),以新引进的13个新育成的黄淮海大豆品种(系)为研究对象,利用灰色关联分析结合相关分析法解析大豆产量相关主要农艺性状的主次关系及农艺性状间的相互关系。结果表明,单株粒重和有效分枝数与大豆产量呈极显著正相关,单株粒数与产量呈显著正相关;在灰色关联分析中,各农艺性状与产量的关联度排序为单株粒重(0.805)>有效分枝数(0.763)>生育期(0.746)>单株粒数(0.745)>开花期(0.727)>百粒重(0.715)>主茎节数(0.702)>株高(0.698)>单株有效荚数(0.691)。相关性分析与灰色关联度分析的研究结果一致说明,对大豆产量影响最大的农艺性状是单株粒重和有效分枝数,对新引进品种的选择和评价上注重单株粒重和有效分枝数更容易获得高产的品种(系)。同时,明确主要农艺性状对大豆产量影响的主次关系,也可为长江流域鄂中地区新品种选育、鉴定及推广提供参考。展开更多
Shade tolerance is essential for soybeans in inter/relay cropping systems.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)integrated with transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify genes and construct a genetic network g...Shade tolerance is essential for soybeans in inter/relay cropping systems.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)integrated with transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify genes and construct a genetic network governing the trait in a set of recombinant inbred lines derived from two soybean parents with contrasting shade tolerance.An improved GWAS procedure,restricted two-stage multi-locus genome-wide association study based on gene/allele sequence markers(GASM-RTM-GWAS),identified 140 genes and their alleles associated with shade-tolerance index(STI),146 with relative pith cell length(RCL),and nine with both.Annotation of these genes by biological categories allowed the construction of a protein–protein interaction network by 187 genes,of which half were differentially expressed under shading and non-shading conditions as well as at different growth stages.From the identified genes,three ones jointly identified for both traits by both GWAS and transcriptome and two genes with maximum links were chosen as beginners for entrance into the network.Altogether,both STI and RCL gene systems worked for shade-tolerance with genes interacted each other,this confirmed that shadetolerance is regulated by more than single group of interacted genes,involving multiple biological functions as a gene network.展开更多
“Breeding by design” for pure lines may be achieved by construction of an additive QTL-allele matrix in a germplasm panel or breeding population, but this option is not available for hybrids, where both additive and...“Breeding by design” for pure lines may be achieved by construction of an additive QTL-allele matrix in a germplasm panel or breeding population, but this option is not available for hybrids, where both additive and dominance QTL-allele matrices must be constructed. In this study, a hybrid-QTL identification approach, designated PLSRGA, using partial least squares regression(PLSR) for model fitting integrated with a genetic algorithm(GA) for variable selection based on a multi-locus, multi-allele model is described for additive and dominance QTL-allele detection in a diallel hybrid population(DHP). The PLSRGA was shown by simulation experiments to be superior to single-marker analysis and was then used for QTL-allele identification in a soybean DPH yield experiment with eight parents. Twenty-eight main-effect QTL with 138 alleles and nine QTL × environment QTL with 46 alleles were identified, with respective contributions of 61.8% and 23.5% of phenotypic variation. Main-effect additive and dominance QTL-allele matrices were established as a compact form of the DHP genetic structure. The mechanism of heterosis superior-to-parents(or superior-to-parents heterosis, SPH) was explored and might be explained by a complementary locus-set composed of OD+(showing positive over-dominance, most often), PD+(showing positive partial-to-complete dominance, less often) and HA+(showing positive homozygous additivity, occasionally) loci, depending on the parental materials. Any locus-type, whether OD+, PD + and HA+, could be the best genotype of a locus. All hybrids showed various numbers of better or best genotypes at many but not necessarily all loci, indicating further SPH improvement. Based on the additive/dominance QTL-allele matrices, the best hybrid genotype was predicted, and a hybrid improvement approach is suggested. PLSRGA is powerful for hybrid QTL-allele detection and cross-SPH improvement.展开更多
Phytophthora root rot(PRR),caused by Phytophthora sojae,is a devastating disease of soybean.The NBSLRR gene family is a class of plant genes involved in disease resistance.miRNA mediates plant response to biotic stres...Phytophthora root rot(PRR),caused by Phytophthora sojae,is a devastating disease of soybean.The NBSLRR gene family is a class of plant genes involved in disease resistance.miRNA mediates plant response to biotic stresses by regulating the expression of target genes at the transcriptional or post-translational level.Glyma.16G135500,encoding an NBS-LRR-type protein,is a target of gma-miR1510 that responds to pathogen infections.We cloned and overexpressed Glyma.16G135500(naming it GmTNL16)and knocked down mi R1510 using short tandem target mimic technology to identify the roles of the GmTNL16/gma-mi R1510 pair in the interaction of soybean and the oomycete.By overexpressing GmTNL16 in transgenic hairy roots of soybean,we showed that biomass of P.sojae was lower in overexpressing hairy roots than in control roots.Thus,miR1510 expression was reduced upon P.sojae infection,reflecting the induced expression of GmTNL16 conferring resistance to P.sojae in soybean.Differentially expressed genes were enriched in plant-pathogen interaction,plant hormone signal transduction,and secondary metabolism by RNA sequencing analyze.In particular,jasmonate and salicylic acid pathway-associated genes,including JAZ,COI1,TGA,and PR,responded to P.sojae infection.All of these results indicate that the GmTNL16/gma-miR1510 pair participates in soybean defense response via the JA and SA pathways.展开更多
文摘关联作图是一种利用连锁不平衡(linkage disequilibrium,LD)检测自然群体中基因位点及其等位变异的方法。利用60个SSR标记,对全国大豆地方品种群体(393份代表性材料)和野生大豆群体(196份代表性材料)的基因组变异进行扫描,分析两类群体的连锁不平衡位点、群体结构,并采用TASSEL软件的GLM(general linear model)方法对16个农艺、品质性状观测值进行标记与性状的关联分析。结果表明:(1)在公共图谱上不论共线性的或是非共线性的SSR位点组合都有一定程度的LD,说明历史上发生过连锁群间的重组;栽培群体的连锁不平衡成对位点数较野生群体多,但野生群体位点间连锁不平衡程度高,随距离的衰减慢。(2)群体SSR数据遗传结构分析发现,栽培群体和野生群体分别由9和4个亚群体组成,亚群的划分与群体地理生态类型相关联,证实地理生态类型划分有其遗传基础。(3)栽培群体中累计有27个位点与性状相关;野生大豆种质中累计有34个位点与性状相关。部分标记在两类群体中都表现与同一性状关联,检出的位点有一致性,也有互补性;一些标记同时与2个或多个性状相关联,可能是性状相关乃至一因多效的遗传基础;关联位点中累计有24位点(次)与遗传群体连锁分析定位的QTL一致。
文摘大豆贮藏蛋白主要成分是7S和11S球蛋白,大豆贮藏蛋白组分及其亚基组成决定了蛋白质的品质和加工特性。本研究选用134对细胞核SSR标记,对166份栽培大豆微核心种质进行基因分型,运用一般线性回归(general linear model,GLM)和复合线性回归(mixed linear model,MLM)方法进行标记与性状的关联分析,定位大豆蛋白亚基的相关基因。结果表明,2年均检测到的且与蛋白亚基相关联的SSR位点有14个,以MLM方法检测到5个SSR位点(Sat_062、Satt583、Satt291、Satt234和Satt595)与蛋白亚基相关联;7S组分各亚基变异程度较大,是引起11S/7S变异的主要原因;表型变异较大的亚基可能因为相关基因进化中发生重组较多,LD衰减距离较小,导致检测到较少的相关位点。本研究结果对蛋白亚基相关性状的标记辅助选择育种有重要的利用价值。
文摘为了便于从黄淮海大豆[Glycine max (L.) Merr.]新品种(系)中筛选出适应在江汉平原种植的高产大豆品种(系),以新引进的13个新育成的黄淮海大豆品种(系)为研究对象,利用灰色关联分析结合相关分析法解析大豆产量相关主要农艺性状的主次关系及农艺性状间的相互关系。结果表明,单株粒重和有效分枝数与大豆产量呈极显著正相关,单株粒数与产量呈显著正相关;在灰色关联分析中,各农艺性状与产量的关联度排序为单株粒重(0.805)>有效分枝数(0.763)>生育期(0.746)>单株粒数(0.745)>开花期(0.727)>百粒重(0.715)>主茎节数(0.702)>株高(0.698)>单株有效荚数(0.691)。相关性分析与灰色关联度分析的研究结果一致说明,对大豆产量影响最大的农艺性状是单株粒重和有效分枝数,对新引进品种的选择和评价上注重单株粒重和有效分枝数更容易获得高产的品种(系)。同时,明确主要农艺性状对大豆产量影响的主次关系,也可为长江流域鄂中地区新品种选育、鉴定及推广提供参考。
基金This work was financially supported by the grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1001204,2021YFD1201602)the MOE 111 Project(B08025)+2 种基金the MOA CARS-04 program,the Program of Jiangsu province(JBGS-2021-014)the Guangxi Scientific Research and Technology Development Plan(14125008-2-16)the Guidance Foundation of Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University(NAUSY-ZZ02,NAUSY-MS05).
文摘Shade tolerance is essential for soybeans in inter/relay cropping systems.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)integrated with transcriptome sequencing was performed to identify genes and construct a genetic network governing the trait in a set of recombinant inbred lines derived from two soybean parents with contrasting shade tolerance.An improved GWAS procedure,restricted two-stage multi-locus genome-wide association study based on gene/allele sequence markers(GASM-RTM-GWAS),identified 140 genes and their alleles associated with shade-tolerance index(STI),146 with relative pith cell length(RCL),and nine with both.Annotation of these genes by biological categories allowed the construction of a protein–protein interaction network by 187 genes,of which half were differentially expressed under shading and non-shading conditions as well as at different growth stages.From the identified genes,three ones jointly identified for both traits by both GWAS and transcriptome and two genes with maximum links were chosen as beginners for entrance into the network.Altogether,both STI and RCL gene systems worked for shade-tolerance with genes interacted each other,this confirmed that shadetolerance is regulated by more than single group of interacted genes,involving multiple biological functions as a gene network.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFF1001204,2017YFD0101500)the MOE Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (“111”Project, B08025)+4 种基金the MOE Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT_17R55)the MARA CARS-04 Programthe Jiangsu Higher Education PAPD Programthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (KYZZ201901)the Jiangsu JCICMCP Program。
文摘“Breeding by design” for pure lines may be achieved by construction of an additive QTL-allele matrix in a germplasm panel or breeding population, but this option is not available for hybrids, where both additive and dominance QTL-allele matrices must be constructed. In this study, a hybrid-QTL identification approach, designated PLSRGA, using partial least squares regression(PLSR) for model fitting integrated with a genetic algorithm(GA) for variable selection based on a multi-locus, multi-allele model is described for additive and dominance QTL-allele detection in a diallel hybrid population(DHP). The PLSRGA was shown by simulation experiments to be superior to single-marker analysis and was then used for QTL-allele identification in a soybean DPH yield experiment with eight parents. Twenty-eight main-effect QTL with 138 alleles and nine QTL × environment QTL with 46 alleles were identified, with respective contributions of 61.8% and 23.5% of phenotypic variation. Main-effect additive and dominance QTL-allele matrices were established as a compact form of the DHP genetic structure. The mechanism of heterosis superior-to-parents(or superior-to-parents heterosis, SPH) was explored and might be explained by a complementary locus-set composed of OD+(showing positive over-dominance, most often), PD+(showing positive partial-to-complete dominance, less often) and HA+(showing positive homozygous additivity, occasionally) loci, depending on the parental materials. Any locus-type, whether OD+, PD + and HA+, could be the best genotype of a locus. All hybrids showed various numbers of better or best genotypes at many but not necessarily all loci, indicating further SPH improvement. Based on the additive/dominance QTL-allele matrices, the best hybrid genotype was predicted, and a hybrid improvement approach is suggested. PLSRGA is powerful for hybrid QTL-allele detection and cross-SPH improvement.
基金supported by Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(20)2015)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072082,31301340)+2 种基金China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARAProgram for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(PCSIRT_17R55)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production and Cyrus Tang Innovation Center for Seed Industry。
文摘Phytophthora root rot(PRR),caused by Phytophthora sojae,is a devastating disease of soybean.The NBSLRR gene family is a class of plant genes involved in disease resistance.miRNA mediates plant response to biotic stresses by regulating the expression of target genes at the transcriptional or post-translational level.Glyma.16G135500,encoding an NBS-LRR-type protein,is a target of gma-miR1510 that responds to pathogen infections.We cloned and overexpressed Glyma.16G135500(naming it GmTNL16)and knocked down mi R1510 using short tandem target mimic technology to identify the roles of the GmTNL16/gma-mi R1510 pair in the interaction of soybean and the oomycete.By overexpressing GmTNL16 in transgenic hairy roots of soybean,we showed that biomass of P.sojae was lower in overexpressing hairy roots than in control roots.Thus,miR1510 expression was reduced upon P.sojae infection,reflecting the induced expression of GmTNL16 conferring resistance to P.sojae in soybean.Differentially expressed genes were enriched in plant-pathogen interaction,plant hormone signal transduction,and secondary metabolism by RNA sequencing analyze.In particular,jasmonate and salicylic acid pathway-associated genes,including JAZ,COI1,TGA,and PR,responded to P.sojae infection.All of these results indicate that the GmTNL16/gma-miR1510 pair participates in soybean defense response via the JA and SA pathways.
