This paper proposes an analytical model for evaluating the dynamic response of an underground railway tunnel in layered foundation soil with different saturations.The soil is modeled as layered media,and the circular ...This paper proposes an analytical model for evaluating the dynamic response of an underground railway tunnel in layered foundation soil with different saturations.The soil is modeled as layered media,and the circular tunnel lining is modeled as an infinite Flügge cylindrical shell.The separation of variables method is used to solve the motion equation of the shell,and the wave equation of the soil is solved using the Helmholtz decomposition theorem.A dynamic matrix reflecting the wave vectors of soil layers is established using the transfer matrix method.Based on boundary conditions,the tunnel-soil model is coupled using the transformation method of plane wave functions and cylindrical wave functions.The proposed model is validated by comparison with existing tunnel models,and the effects of saturation and the layered properties of soil on the dynamic response of a layered tunnel-soil system is demonstrated via case studies.展开更多
The U-matrlx theory in quantum mechanics recently developed has been appliedto study a superconductor system described by the BCS pairing Hamiltonian . It is shown that in general the -operator in our theory specifies...The U-matrlx theory in quantum mechanics recently developed has been appliedto study a superconductor system described by the BCS pairing Hamiltonian . It is shown that in general the -operator in our theory specifies a canonical transformation. Using the to describe the system, it is proved that if the Hartrec type approximation is adopted, or the c-number approach is used, the Bogoliubov transformation can be derived via the U-matrix theory if the perturbing Hamiltonian is turned on ’suddenly’. It is also shown that based on the U-matrix, the BCS ground state wave function of a superconducting system can be deduced under the sudden switching condition.展开更多
基金Supported by:National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.51808405。
文摘This paper proposes an analytical model for evaluating the dynamic response of an underground railway tunnel in layered foundation soil with different saturations.The soil is modeled as layered media,and the circular tunnel lining is modeled as an infinite Flügge cylindrical shell.The separation of variables method is used to solve the motion equation of the shell,and the wave equation of the soil is solved using the Helmholtz decomposition theorem.A dynamic matrix reflecting the wave vectors of soil layers is established using the transfer matrix method.Based on boundary conditions,the tunnel-soil model is coupled using the transformation method of plane wave functions and cylindrical wave functions.The proposed model is validated by comparison with existing tunnel models,and the effects of saturation and the layered properties of soil on the dynamic response of a layered tunnel-soil system is demonstrated via case studies.
文摘The U-matrlx theory in quantum mechanics recently developed has been appliedto study a superconductor system described by the BCS pairing Hamiltonian . It is shown that in general the -operator in our theory specifies a canonical transformation. Using the to describe the system, it is proved that if the Hartrec type approximation is adopted, or the c-number approach is used, the Bogoliubov transformation can be derived via the U-matrix theory if the perturbing Hamiltonian is turned on ’suddenly’. It is also shown that based on the U-matrix, the BCS ground state wave function of a superconducting system can be deduced under the sudden switching condition.
