Based on the summarization of the status quo of the research both at home and abroad,the changing trend of the production of the main grain crops,covering the planting structure,seed structure and the trend of the per...Based on the summarization of the status quo of the research both at home and abroad,the changing trend of the production of the main grain crops,covering the planting structure,seed structure and the trend of the per unit yields of garlic are analyzed.According to the comparative advantage theory,the comprehensive comparative advantages indices,which have been revised,can be used as the main research methods.By using the relevant data from 2000 to 2006,the scale comparative advantage,the efficient comparative advantage and the comprehensive comparative advantages of the main grain crops(wheat,millet,corn,soybean,rice and tuber crops)in each city of Henan Province are measured.The results show that among the main grain crops in Henan Province,only the wheat and the corn have comparative advantages;rice,corn,soybean and tuber crops all do not have the scale advantages;the wheat,millet and the potatoes have obvious efficiency advantages while rice,corn and soybean have relatively weak efficiency advantages;wheat and corn have comprehensive comparative advantages,while rich,millet,soy bean and potatoes do not have the comprehensive comparative advantages.Combining with the current specific situation of Henan Province,the general situation faced by the production of main grain crops in Henan Province is analyzed specifically.In the end,suggestions on adjusting the structure of the main grain crops are put forward.展开更多
This paper studied the fertilizer rate(FR), fertilizer use efficiency(FUE) and fertilizer overuse rate(FOR) of rice, corn and wheat in China from 1998 to 2018 and briefly analysed the reasons why farmers were willing ...This paper studied the fertilizer rate(FR), fertilizer use efficiency(FUE) and fertilizer overuse rate(FOR) of rice, corn and wheat in China from 1998 to 2018 and briefly analysed the reasons why farmers were willing to apply more fertilizers.(1) The FR of grain in China reached 373.7 kg/ha in 2018, an increase of 26.8% compared to that in 1998. In 2018, the FR for corn was the highest, at 411.2 kg/ha, compared to the values of 338.3 kg/ha for rice and 371.7 kg/ha for wheat.(2) In recent years, the FUE of grain in China has obviously improved, with values of 32.9% in 1998, 36.7% in 2008, and 39.3% in 2018. In 2018, the FUE for rice was the highest(41.2%), followed by that for corn(39.9%), and the FUE for wheat was the lowest(36.0%).(3) By 2018, fertilizer was overused in all zones of rice, corn and wheat. In 2018, the average FOR for wheat reached 69.0%, which was 35.9% higher than that for corn and 42.8% higher than that for rice.(4) The lower price of chemical fertilizers was the main reason leading to overapplication.(5) Establishing market mechanisms and adjusting regional planting structures can be effective in reducing the application of chemical fertilizers.展开更多
文摘Based on the summarization of the status quo of the research both at home and abroad,the changing trend of the production of the main grain crops,covering the planting structure,seed structure and the trend of the per unit yields of garlic are analyzed.According to the comparative advantage theory,the comprehensive comparative advantages indices,which have been revised,can be used as the main research methods.By using the relevant data from 2000 to 2006,the scale comparative advantage,the efficient comparative advantage and the comprehensive comparative advantages of the main grain crops(wheat,millet,corn,soybean,rice and tuber crops)in each city of Henan Province are measured.The results show that among the main grain crops in Henan Province,only the wheat and the corn have comparative advantages;rice,corn,soybean and tuber crops all do not have the scale advantages;the wheat,millet and the potatoes have obvious efficiency advantages while rice,corn and soybean have relatively weak efficiency advantages;wheat and corn have comprehensive comparative advantages,while rich,millet,soy bean and potatoes do not have the comprehensive comparative advantages.Combining with the current specific situation of Henan Province,the general situation faced by the production of main grain crops in Henan Province is analyzed specifically.In the end,suggestions on adjusting the structure of the main grain crops are put forward.
基金The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program,No.2019QZKK0603Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA20040000,No.XDA20090000。
文摘This paper studied the fertilizer rate(FR), fertilizer use efficiency(FUE) and fertilizer overuse rate(FOR) of rice, corn and wheat in China from 1998 to 2018 and briefly analysed the reasons why farmers were willing to apply more fertilizers.(1) The FR of grain in China reached 373.7 kg/ha in 2018, an increase of 26.8% compared to that in 1998. In 2018, the FR for corn was the highest, at 411.2 kg/ha, compared to the values of 338.3 kg/ha for rice and 371.7 kg/ha for wheat.(2) In recent years, the FUE of grain in China has obviously improved, with values of 32.9% in 1998, 36.7% in 2008, and 39.3% in 2018. In 2018, the FUE for rice was the highest(41.2%), followed by that for corn(39.9%), and the FUE for wheat was the lowest(36.0%).(3) By 2018, fertilizer was overused in all zones of rice, corn and wheat. In 2018, the average FOR for wheat reached 69.0%, which was 35.9% higher than that for corn and 42.8% higher than that for rice.(4) The lower price of chemical fertilizers was the main reason leading to overapplication.(5) Establishing market mechanisms and adjusting regional planting structures can be effective in reducing the application of chemical fertilizers.
