Manufacturing is the application of labor, tools,machines, chemical and biological processing, to an original raw material by changing its physical and geometrical characteristics, in order to make finished products. ...Manufacturing is the application of labor, tools,machines, chemical and biological processing, to an original raw material by changing its physical and geometrical characteristics, in order to make finished products. Since the first industrial revolution, to accommodate the large-scale production,tremendous changes have happened to manufacturing through the innovations of technology, organization, management, transportation and communication. This work first reviews the highvolume low-mix process by focusing on the quantity production,transfer line and single model assembly line. Then, it reviews the high-volume high-mix process. For such a process type,mixed/multi model assembly line is usually adopted. Hence,two main decisions on them, i.e., balancing and, sequencing are reviewed. Thereafter, it discusses the low-volume high-mix process in detail. Then, technology gap and future work is discussed, and at last, conclusions are given.展开更多
Dear Dr. Martin Hovland, We learned from the literature that premixed insulins are short-acting insulin or rapid-acting insulin analogue mixed with intermediate-acting insulin in a fixed ratio, addressing FBG and PPBG...Dear Dr. Martin Hovland, We learned from the literature that premixed insulins are short-acting insulin or rapid-acting insulin analogue mixed with intermediate-acting insulin in a fixed ratio, addressing FBG and PPBG in one injection. There are two categories;high-mix and low-mix premixed insulins. We, a Saudi task force, gathered to develop an explicit, evidence-based consensus for the use of the low-mix premixed insulin for better glycemic control. The treatment with premixed aspart 30 was non-inferior to treatment with premixed insulin lispro 25. In addition, Self-monitored blood glucose levels were comparable. Safety profiles were similar between both treatments, as was the incidence of hypoglycemic episodes. The switch between both products of the low-mix family can be carried out without any problem. Both products of the low-mix premixed insulin analogues aspart 30/70 and premixed insulin lispro 25/75 have comparable efficacy and safety as shown from the medical literature. Therefore, we can change from one to another safely as demonstrated by the US FDA statement. In addition, the ergonomic features of KwikPen’s design and function may offer important advantages for the user during insulin administration.展开更多
基金conducted within the Delta-NTU Corporate Lab for Cyber-Physical Systems with funding support from Delta Electronics Incthe National Research Foundation(NRF)Singapore under the Corp Lab@University Scheme
文摘Manufacturing is the application of labor, tools,machines, chemical and biological processing, to an original raw material by changing its physical and geometrical characteristics, in order to make finished products. Since the first industrial revolution, to accommodate the large-scale production,tremendous changes have happened to manufacturing through the innovations of technology, organization, management, transportation and communication. This work first reviews the highvolume low-mix process by focusing on the quantity production,transfer line and single model assembly line. Then, it reviews the high-volume high-mix process. For such a process type,mixed/multi model assembly line is usually adopted. Hence,two main decisions on them, i.e., balancing and, sequencing are reviewed. Thereafter, it discusses the low-volume high-mix process in detail. Then, technology gap and future work is discussed, and at last, conclusions are given.
文摘Dear Dr. Martin Hovland, We learned from the literature that premixed insulins are short-acting insulin or rapid-acting insulin analogue mixed with intermediate-acting insulin in a fixed ratio, addressing FBG and PPBG in one injection. There are two categories;high-mix and low-mix premixed insulins. We, a Saudi task force, gathered to develop an explicit, evidence-based consensus for the use of the low-mix premixed insulin for better glycemic control. The treatment with premixed aspart 30 was non-inferior to treatment with premixed insulin lispro 25. In addition, Self-monitored blood glucose levels were comparable. Safety profiles were similar between both treatments, as was the incidence of hypoglycemic episodes. The switch between both products of the low-mix family can be carried out without any problem. Both products of the low-mix premixed insulin analogues aspart 30/70 and premixed insulin lispro 25/75 have comparable efficacy and safety as shown from the medical literature. Therefore, we can change from one to another safely as demonstrated by the US FDA statement. In addition, the ergonomic features of KwikPen’s design and function may offer important advantages for the user during insulin administration.
