Under the conditions of straw returning operation,there are three major technical bottlenecks in the Phaeozem region of northeast China,namely low stubble breaking rate,poor tillage depth consistency,and high fuel con...Under the conditions of straw returning operation,there are three major technical bottlenecks in the Phaeozem region of northeast China,namely low stubble breaking rate,poor tillage depth consistency,and high fuel consumption.In this research,a bionic stubble-deep loosening combined tillage machine(BSD)was designed through bionic prototype analysis,coupled bionic analysis,coupled bionic design,theoretical analysis and application of intelligent control techniques.It consists of a bionic stubble breaking device and a bionic self-excited vibratory deep loosening device.Based on the unique biting pattern of locust mouthparts on maize rootstocks,the bionic stubble breaking device adopted a new multi-segment serrated bionic structure and a symmetrical rotational motion,which could significantly increase the stubble breaking rate(p<0.05)and reduce the resistance to stubble breaking operations(p<0.05).Based on the unique biology of the hare’s paws,toes and nails,the bionic self-excited vibration deep loosening device adopted a new series-parallel composite bionic elastic system and an intelligent tilling depth control system with a fuzzy algorithm,which significantly improved the tilling depth consistency(p<0.05).The operational performance of the BSD was verified at different operating speeds through comparative experiments and reveals the mechanism of its excellent performance through theoretical analysis.The final experiment results showed that,at the same operating speed,the BSD improved the stubble breaking rate by 9.62%and 10.67%,reduced the stubble breaking torque by 28 N·m and 33 N·m,reduced the tillage depth coefficient of variation by 12.73%and 13.48%,and reduced the specific fuel consumption by 36 g/km·h and 40 g/km·h compared to the two most common models.The operating performance of the three kinds of machines will decrease with the increase of operating speed,and the BSD has the least decrease.展开更多
近年来,土地深松作为一种保护性耕作在全国范围内大规模推广应用。针对受地形所限和农艺所限,常规拖拉机去不了的坡地、茶园和温室大棚等立地条件,先后对履带式窄幅小微型深松机的动力、行走机构和深松铲等关键部分进行多次试验,探索出...近年来,土地深松作为一种保护性耕作在全国范围内大规模推广应用。针对受地形所限和农艺所限,常规拖拉机去不了的坡地、茶园和温室大棚等立地条件,先后对履带式窄幅小微型深松机的动力、行走机构和深松铲等关键部分进行多次试验,探索出一种采用7.35 k W微型柴油机、橡胶履带行走机构带动小型深松铲进行深松作业的新模式。经田间试验,其深松深度合格率、邻接行距合格率和漏耕3项作业指标满足深松作业质量有关行业标准。为后续进一步开展履带式窄幅小微型深松机研究,推进丘陵山区、茶园和温室大棚等深松作业提供了重要参考。展开更多
基金The authors acknowledge that the research was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(Grant No.2017YFD0700701)the Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52075215)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Province(Grant No.20190301023NY,20190701055GH and 20200404008YY)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M67085).
文摘Under the conditions of straw returning operation,there are three major technical bottlenecks in the Phaeozem region of northeast China,namely low stubble breaking rate,poor tillage depth consistency,and high fuel consumption.In this research,a bionic stubble-deep loosening combined tillage machine(BSD)was designed through bionic prototype analysis,coupled bionic analysis,coupled bionic design,theoretical analysis and application of intelligent control techniques.It consists of a bionic stubble breaking device and a bionic self-excited vibratory deep loosening device.Based on the unique biting pattern of locust mouthparts on maize rootstocks,the bionic stubble breaking device adopted a new multi-segment serrated bionic structure and a symmetrical rotational motion,which could significantly increase the stubble breaking rate(p<0.05)and reduce the resistance to stubble breaking operations(p<0.05).Based on the unique biology of the hare’s paws,toes and nails,the bionic self-excited vibration deep loosening device adopted a new series-parallel composite bionic elastic system and an intelligent tilling depth control system with a fuzzy algorithm,which significantly improved the tilling depth consistency(p<0.05).The operational performance of the BSD was verified at different operating speeds through comparative experiments and reveals the mechanism of its excellent performance through theoretical analysis.The final experiment results showed that,at the same operating speed,the BSD improved the stubble breaking rate by 9.62%and 10.67%,reduced the stubble breaking torque by 28 N·m and 33 N·m,reduced the tillage depth coefficient of variation by 12.73%and 13.48%,and reduced the specific fuel consumption by 36 g/km·h and 40 g/km·h compared to the two most common models.The operating performance of the three kinds of machines will decrease with the increase of operating speed,and the BSD has the least decrease.
文摘近年来,土地深松作为一种保护性耕作在全国范围内大规模推广应用。针对受地形所限和农艺所限,常规拖拉机去不了的坡地、茶园和温室大棚等立地条件,先后对履带式窄幅小微型深松机的动力、行走机构和深松铲等关键部分进行多次试验,探索出一种采用7.35 k W微型柴油机、橡胶履带行走机构带动小型深松铲进行深松作业的新模式。经田间试验,其深松深度合格率、邻接行距合格率和漏耕3项作业指标满足深松作业质量有关行业标准。为后续进一步开展履带式窄幅小微型深松机研究,推进丘陵山区、茶园和温室大棚等深松作业提供了重要参考。
