Repair of sustained liver injury results in fibrosis(i.e.the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins),and ultimately the complete distortion of parenchymal architecture of the liver,which we call cirrhosis.Detec...Repair of sustained liver injury results in fibrosis(i.e.the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins),and ultimately the complete distortion of parenchymal architecture of the liver,which we call cirrhosis.Detecting and staging of fibrosis is thus a mainstay in the management of chronic liver diseases,since many clinically relevant decisions,such as starting treatment and/or monitoring for complications including hepatocellular carcinoma,may depend on it.The gold standard for fibrosis staging is liver biopsy,the role of which,however,is questioned nowadays because of cost,hazards and poor acceptance by patients.On the other hand,imaging techniques and/or measurement of direct and indirect serum markers have not proved to be completely satisfactory under all circumstances as alternatives to liver biopsy.Making progress in this field is nowmore crucial than ever,since treatments for established fibrosis appear on the horizon.Fine dissection of the pathways involved in the pathophysiology of liver diseases has put forward several novel candidate biomarkers of liver fibrosis,such as growth arrest-specific6,Mac-2-binding protein,osteopontin,placental growth factor,growth/differentiation factor 15 and hepatocyte growth factor.All molecules have been suggested to have potential to complement or substitute methods currently used to stage liver diseases.Here,we review the pros and cons for their use in this setting.展开更多
BACKGROUND Staging diagnosis of liver fibrosis is a prerequisite for timely diagnosis and therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.In recent years,ultrasound elastography has become an important method for clinica...BACKGROUND Staging diagnosis of liver fibrosis is a prerequisite for timely diagnosis and therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.In recent years,ultrasound elastography has become an important method for clinical noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis stage,but its diagnostic value for early liver fibrosis still needs to be further improved.In this study,the texture analysis was carried out on the basis of two dimensional shear wave elastography(2D-SWE),and the feasibility of 2D-SWE plus texture analysis in the diagnosis of early liver fibrosis was discussed.AIM To assess the diagnostic value of 2D-SWE combined with textural analysis in liver fibrosis staging.METHODS This study recruited 46 patients with chronic hepatitis B.Patients underwent 2DSWE and texture analysis;Young's modulus values and textural patterns were obtained,respectively.Textural pattern was analyzed with regard to contrast,correlation,angular second moment(ASM),and homogeneity.Pathological results of biopsy specimens were the gold standard;comparison and assessment of the diagnosis efficiency were conducted for 2D-SWE,texture analysis and their combination.RESULTS 2D-SWE displayed diagnosis efficiency in early fibrosis,significant fibrosis,severe fibrosis,and early cirrhosis(AUC>0.7,P<0.05)with respective AUC values of 0.823(0.678-0.921),0.808(0.662-0.911),0.920(0.798-0.980),and 0.855(0.716-0.943).Contrast and homogeneity displayed independent diagnosis efficiency in liver fibrosis stage(AUC>0.7,P<0.05),whereas correlation and ASM showed limited values.AUC of contrast and homogeneity were respectively 0.906(0.779-0.973),0.835(0.693-0.930),0.807(0.660-0.910)and 0.925(0.805-0.983),0.789(0.639-0.897),0.736(0.582-0.858),0.705(0.549-0.883)and 0.798(0.650-0.904)in four liver fibrosis stages,which exhibited equivalence to 2D-SWE in diagnostic efficiency(P>0.05).Combined diagnosis(PRE)displayed diagnostic efficiency(AUC>0.7,P<0.01)for all fibrosis stages with respective AUC of 0.952(0.841-0.994),0.896(0.766-0.967),0.978(0.881-0.999),0.947(0.83展开更多
目的对比8种血清学诊断模型对年龄≤30岁的ALT正常的慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者肝纤维化分期诊断效能,选择更为便捷有效的诊断预测模型,为该类人群提供早期抗病毒治疗的时机。方法选取2015年1月—2020年12月在解放军总...目的对比8种血清学诊断模型对年龄≤30岁的ALT正常的慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者肝纤维化分期诊断效能,选择更为便捷有效的诊断预测模型,为该类人群提供早期抗病毒治疗的时机。方法选取2015年1月—2020年12月在解放军总医院第五医学中心北院区行肝穿刺活检术的104例年龄≤30岁的ALT水平正常的CHB患者,采用天冬氨酸氨基转移酶与血小板比率指数(aspartate aminotransferase to platelat ratio index,APRI)、肝纤维化4因子指数(fibrosis 4 score,FIB-4)、谷氨酰转移酶/血小板比值模型(gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase to platelet ratio,GPR)、AST/ALT比值模型(ratio of serum aspartate to alanine aminotransferase,AAR)、纤维化硬化指数模型(fibrosis cirrhosis index,FCI)、球蛋白-血小板模型(globulin-platelet model,GP)、红细胞体积分布宽度与血小板比值模型(red cell distribution width to platelet ratio,RPR)及S指数模型(S-index)的ROC曲线评估各模型对肝纤维化分期诊断的价值。结果诊断肝纤维化分期≥S1 AUC由高到低依次是FIB-4、RPR、APRI、S-index、GPR、GP、AAR及FCI;诊断肝纤维化分期≥S2 AUC由高到低依次是RPR、S-index、GPR、FIB-4、APRI、AAR、FCI及GP;诊断肝纤维化分期≥S3 AUC由高到低依次是RPR、S-index、FCI、GPR、FIB-4、GP、APRI及ARR。结论RPR及S-index对肝纤维化分期有较好的诊断效能,其中RPR诊断效能最佳。展开更多
AIM： To provide the accurate alternative metrical means of monitoring the effects of new antiviral drugs on the reversal of newly formed collagen. METHODS： Digitized histological biopsy sections taken from 209 patie...AIM： To provide the accurate alternative metrical means of monitoring the effects of new antiviral drugs on the reversal of newly formed collagen. METHODS： Digitized histological biopsy sections taken from 209 patients with chronic C virus hepatitis with different grade of fibrosis or cirrhosis, were measured by means of a new, rapid, user-friendly, fully computeraided method based on the international system meter rectified using fractal principles. RESULTS： The following were described： geometric perimeter, area and wrinkledness of fibrosis; the collation of the Knodell, Sheuer, Ishak and METAVIR scores with fractal-rectified metric measurements; the meaning of the physical composition of fibrosis in relation to the magnitude of collagen islets; the intra- and inter-biopsy sample variability of these parameters; the ＂staging＂ of biopsy sections indicating the pathway covered by fibrosis formation towards its maximum known value; the quantitative liver tissue architectural changes with the Hurst exponent. CONCLUSION： Our model provides the first metrical evaluations of the geometric properties of fibrosis and the quantitative architectural changes of the liver tissue. The representativeness of histological sections of the whole liver is also discussed in the light of the results obtained with the Hurst coefficient.展开更多
文摘Repair of sustained liver injury results in fibrosis(i.e.the accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins),and ultimately the complete distortion of parenchymal architecture of the liver,which we call cirrhosis.Detecting and staging of fibrosis is thus a mainstay in the management of chronic liver diseases,since many clinically relevant decisions,such as starting treatment and/or monitoring for complications including hepatocellular carcinoma,may depend on it.The gold standard for fibrosis staging is liver biopsy,the role of which,however,is questioned nowadays because of cost,hazards and poor acceptance by patients.On the other hand,imaging techniques and/or measurement of direct and indirect serum markers have not proved to be completely satisfactory under all circumstances as alternatives to liver biopsy.Making progress in this field is nowmore crucial than ever,since treatments for established fibrosis appear on the horizon.Fine dissection of the pathways involved in the pathophysiology of liver diseases has put forward several novel candidate biomarkers of liver fibrosis,such as growth arrest-specific6,Mac-2-binding protein,osteopontin,placental growth factor,growth/differentiation factor 15 and hepatocyte growth factor.All molecules have been suggested to have potential to complement or substitute methods currently used to stage liver diseases.Here,we review the pros and cons for their use in this setting.
文摘BACKGROUND Staging diagnosis of liver fibrosis is a prerequisite for timely diagnosis and therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B.In recent years,ultrasound elastography has become an important method for clinical noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis stage,but its diagnostic value for early liver fibrosis still needs to be further improved.In this study,the texture analysis was carried out on the basis of two dimensional shear wave elastography(2D-SWE),and the feasibility of 2D-SWE plus texture analysis in the diagnosis of early liver fibrosis was discussed.AIM To assess the diagnostic value of 2D-SWE combined with textural analysis in liver fibrosis staging.METHODS This study recruited 46 patients with chronic hepatitis B.Patients underwent 2DSWE and texture analysis;Young's modulus values and textural patterns were obtained,respectively.Textural pattern was analyzed with regard to contrast,correlation,angular second moment(ASM),and homogeneity.Pathological results of biopsy specimens were the gold standard;comparison and assessment of the diagnosis efficiency were conducted for 2D-SWE,texture analysis and their combination.RESULTS 2D-SWE displayed diagnosis efficiency in early fibrosis,significant fibrosis,severe fibrosis,and early cirrhosis(AUC>0.7,P<0.05)with respective AUC values of 0.823(0.678-0.921),0.808(0.662-0.911),0.920(0.798-0.980),and 0.855(0.716-0.943).Contrast and homogeneity displayed independent diagnosis efficiency in liver fibrosis stage(AUC>0.7,P<0.05),whereas correlation and ASM showed limited values.AUC of contrast and homogeneity were respectively 0.906(0.779-0.973),0.835(0.693-0.930),0.807(0.660-0.910)and 0.925(0.805-0.983),0.789(0.639-0.897),0.736(0.582-0.858),0.705(0.549-0.883)and 0.798(0.650-0.904)in four liver fibrosis stages,which exhibited equivalence to 2D-SWE in diagnostic efficiency(P>0.05).Combined diagnosis(PRE)displayed diagnostic efficiency(AUC>0.7,P<0.01)for all fibrosis stages with respective AUC of 0.952(0.841-0.994),0.896(0.766-0.967),0.978(0.881-0.999),0.947(0.83
文摘目的对比8种血清学诊断模型对年龄≤30岁的ALT正常的慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)患者肝纤维化分期诊断效能,选择更为便捷有效的诊断预测模型,为该类人群提供早期抗病毒治疗的时机。方法选取2015年1月—2020年12月在解放军总医院第五医学中心北院区行肝穿刺活检术的104例年龄≤30岁的ALT水平正常的CHB患者,采用天冬氨酸氨基转移酶与血小板比率指数(aspartate aminotransferase to platelat ratio index,APRI)、肝纤维化4因子指数(fibrosis 4 score,FIB-4)、谷氨酰转移酶/血小板比值模型(gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase to platelet ratio,GPR)、AST/ALT比值模型(ratio of serum aspartate to alanine aminotransferase,AAR)、纤维化硬化指数模型(fibrosis cirrhosis index,FCI)、球蛋白-血小板模型(globulin-platelet model,GP)、红细胞体积分布宽度与血小板比值模型(red cell distribution width to platelet ratio,RPR)及S指数模型(S-index)的ROC曲线评估各模型对肝纤维化分期诊断的价值。结果诊断肝纤维化分期≥S1 AUC由高到低依次是FIB-4、RPR、APRI、S-index、GPR、GP、AAR及FCI;诊断肝纤维化分期≥S2 AUC由高到低依次是RPR、S-index、GPR、FIB-4、APRI、AAR、FCI及GP;诊断肝纤维化分期≥S3 AUC由高到低依次是RPR、S-index、FCI、GPR、FIB-4、GP、APRI及ARR。结论RPR及S-index对肝纤维化分期有较好的诊断效能,其中RPR诊断效能最佳。
基金Supported by the "Michele Rodriguez" Foundation, Institute for Quantitative Measures in Medicine, Milan, Italy
文摘AIM： To provide the accurate alternative metrical means of monitoring the effects of new antiviral drugs on the reversal of newly formed collagen. METHODS： Digitized histological biopsy sections taken from 209 patients with chronic C virus hepatitis with different grade of fibrosis or cirrhosis, were measured by means of a new, rapid, user-friendly, fully computeraided method based on the international system meter rectified using fractal principles. RESULTS： The following were described： geometric perimeter, area and wrinkledness of fibrosis; the collation of the Knodell, Sheuer, Ishak and METAVIR scores with fractal-rectified metric measurements; the meaning of the physical composition of fibrosis in relation to the magnitude of collagen islets; the intra- and inter-biopsy sample variability of these parameters; the ＂staging＂ of biopsy sections indicating the pathway covered by fibrosis formation towards its maximum known value; the quantitative liver tissue architectural changes with the Hurst exponent. CONCLUSION： Our model provides the first metrical evaluations of the geometric properties of fibrosis and the quantitative architectural changes of the liver tissue. The representativeness of histological sections of the whole liver is also discussed in the light of the results obtained with the Hurst coefficient.
