本文采用水热法制备了MnO/氮掺杂石墨烯复合材料.作为非水锂空气电池的正极催化剂,该复合材料表现出了优异的电化学性能以及循环稳定性.在充放电电流密度为0.05 mA cm^(-2)时,其能量效率高达84.6%,远高于目前文献所报道的非贵金属催化...本文采用水热法制备了MnO/氮掺杂石墨烯复合材料.作为非水锂空气电池的正极催化剂,该复合材料表现出了优异的电化学性能以及循环稳定性.在充放电电流密度为0.05 mA cm^(-2)时,其能量效率高达84.6%,远高于目前文献所报道的非贵金属催化剂的能量效率,也超过了基于贵金属的催化剂.其氧还原反应(ORR)和氧析出反应(OER)的过电势分别仅为0.11和0.41 V.扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)结果表明,所制备的MnO纳米颗粒能够均匀地分散在氮掺杂石墨烯的表面.密度泛函理论(DFT)计算揭示,MnO(100)面是主要的催化活性面,其理论ORR和OER的过电势分别仅为0.21与0.24 V,充放电电势差为0.45V,与实验结果0.52 V相当.展开更多
Among the intrinsically conductive polymers, polyanilines have been of great interest in the past decades due to their wide applications in many fields, thanks to their reasonably good conductivity, easy preparation, ...Among the intrinsically conductive polymers, polyanilines have been of great interest in the past decades due to their wide applications in many fields, thanks to their reasonably good conductivity, easy preparation, and special redox properties. Ever-increasing environmental corsiderations make the processing of polyanilines shift from toxic organic solvent-based system to eco-friendly water-based system. The present paper reviews the synthesis of water-borne conducting polyanilines, and possible applications are discussed including supercapacitor electrode material, metal free corrosion protection coating, lithium oxygen battery cathode material and ultraviolet curable resin.展开更多
Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)afford a profound impact on our modern daily life.However,LIBs are approaching the theoretical energy density,due to the inherent limitations of intercalation chemistry;thus,the...Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)afford a profound impact on our modern daily life.However,LIBs are approaching the theoretical energy density,due to the inherent limitations of intercalation chemistry;thus,they cannot further satisfy the increasing demands of portable electronics,electric vehicles,and grids.Therefore,battery chemistries beyond LIBs are being widely investigated.Next-generation lithium(Li)batteries,which employ Li metal as the anode and intercalation or conversion materials as the cathode,receive the most intensive interest due to their high energy density and excellent potential for commercialization.Moreover,significant progress has been achieved in Li batteries attributed to the increasing fundamental understanding of the materials and reactions,as well as to technological improvement.This review starts by summarizing the electrolytes for next-generation Li batteries.Key challenges and recent progress in lithium-ion,lithium–sulfur,and lithium–oxygen batteries are then reviewed from the perspective of energy and chemical engineering science.Finally,possible directions for further development in Li batteries are presented.Next-generation Li batteries are expected to promote the sustainable development of human civilization.展开更多
In the past decade, the aprotic lithium-oxygen(Li-O_2) battery has generated a great deal of interest because theoretically it can store more energy than today's lithium-ion batteries. Although considerable resear...In the past decade, the aprotic lithium-oxygen(Li-O_2) battery has generated a great deal of interest because theoretically it can store more energy than today's lithium-ion batteries. Although considerable research efforts have been devoted to the R&D of this potentially disruptive technology, many scientific and engineering obstacles still remain to be addressed before a practical device could be realized. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the fundamental understanding of the O_2 electrochemistry in Li-O_2 batteries, including the O_2 reduction to Li_2O_2 on discharge and the reverse Li_2 O_2 oxidation on recharge and factors that exert strong influences on the redox of O_2/Li_2O_2. In addition,challenges and perspectives are also provided for the future study of Li—O_2 batteries.展开更多
Ti3C2 belongs to MXenes family,which is a new two-dimensional material and has been applied in many fields.With simple method of hydrothermal and high temperature calcination,nano structured Ni/Ti3C2Tx hybrid was synt...Ti3C2 belongs to MXenes family,which is a new two-dimensional material and has been applied in many fields.With simple method of hydrothermal and high temperature calcination,nano structured Ni/Ti3C2Tx hybrid was synthesized.The stable layer structure of Ti3C2 MXene providing high surface area as well as excellent electronic conductivity are beneficial for deposition and decomposition of discharge product Li2O2.Furthermore,possessing special catalytic activity,Ni nanoparticles with size of about 20 nm could accelerate Li2O2 breaking down.Taking advantage of two kinds of materials,Ni/Ti3C2Tx hybrid as cathode of Li-O2 battery can achieve a maximal specific capacity of 20,264 mAh/g in 100 mA/g and 10,699 mAh/g in 500 mA/g at the first cycle.This work confirms that the prepared Ni/Ti3C2Tx hybrid exhibiting better cycling stability points out a new guideline to improve the electrochemical performance of lithium-oxygen batteries.展开更多
Rechargeable lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries have attracted wide attention due to their high energy density.However,the sluggish cathode kinetics results in high overvoltage and poor cycling performance.Ruthenium(Ru...Rechargeable lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries have attracted wide attention due to their high energy density.However,the sluggish cathode kinetics results in high overvoltage and poor cycling performance.Ruthenium(Ru)-based electrocatalysts have been demonstrated to be promising cathode catalysts to promote oxygen evolution reaction(OER).It facilitates decomposition of lithium peroxide(Li_(2)O_(2))by adjusting Li_(2)O_(2) morphologies,which is due to the strong interaction between Ru-based catalyst and superoxide anion(O_(2))intermediate.In this review,the design strategies of Ru-based electrocatalysts are introduced to enhance their OER catalytic kinetics in Li-O_(2) batteries.Different configurations of Ru-based catalysts,including metal particles(Ru metal and alloys),single-atom catalysts,and Ru-loaded compounds with various substrates(carbon materials,metal oxides/sulfides),have been summarized to regulate the electronic structure and the matrix architecture of the Ru-based electrocatalysts.The structure-property relationship of Ru-based catalysts is discussed for a better understanding of the Li_(2)O_(2) decomposition mechanism at the cathode interface.Finally,the challenges of Ru-based electrocatalysts are proposed for the future development of Li-O_(2) batteries.展开更多
A redox-active tetrazine moiety is immobilized within a metal-organic framework(MOF)aiming at targeted construction of a cathode with improved performance for lithium–oxygen batteries.A 1,2,4,5-tetrazine(Tz)functiona...A redox-active tetrazine moiety is immobilized within a metal-organic framework(MOF)aiming at targeted construction of a cathode with improved performance for lithium–oxygen batteries.A 1,2,4,5-tetrazine(Tz)functionalized ligand is used to construct a nanoporous MOF,Tz-Mg-MOF-74,in which the redox activity of the Tz moiety is retained.Combining the redox activity of Tz with the porous nature of a MOF produced a Tz-Mg-MOF-74-based cathode with significantly improved electrochemical performance.Specifically,the material has improved sustainable capacity with a lower overpotential compared with otherwise similar batteries without Tz and other reported MOF-based catalysts.The present approach productively integrates electrochemical activity derived from redox-active moieties and MOFs,and this combination opens a new avenue for the design of effective materials for energy storage and conversion.展开更多
Contemporary social problems,such as energy shortage and environmental pollution,require developing green energy storage technologies in the context of sustainable development.With the application of secondary battery...Contemporary social problems,such as energy shortage and environmental pollution,require developing green energy storage technologies in the context of sustainable development.With the application of secondary battery technology becoming widespread,the development of traditional lithium(Li)-ion batteries,which are based on insertion/deinsertion reactions,has hit a bottleneck;instead,conversion-type lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have attracted considerable attention owing to the high theoretical capacity of Li metal anodes.In this review,Li-S,Li-O_(2),and Li-SOCl_(2)batteries are used as examples to summarize LMBs based on their conversion reactions from the perspectives of cathode material,anode material,electrolyte,separator,and current collector.Key challenges exist regarding the conversion reactions of various batteries.To achieve the optimum performance and improve the application effect,several improvement strategies have been proposed in relation to reasonable designs of next-generation high-performance rechargeable batteries.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51073156 and 51021003)Program of Scientific Development of Jilin Province (No. 20116024)
文摘Among the intrinsically conductive polymers, polyanilines have been of great interest in the past decades due to their wide applications in many fields, thanks to their reasonably good conductivity, easy preparation, and special redox properties. Ever-increasing environmental corsiderations make the processing of polyanilines shift from toxic organic solvent-based system to eco-friendly water-based system. The present paper reviews the synthesis of water-borne conducting polyanilines, and possible applications are discussed including supercapacitor electrode material, metal free corrosion protection coating, lithium oxygen battery cathode material and ultraviolet curable resin.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFA0202500 and 2016YFA0200102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21676160,21776019,and 21825501)the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program.
文摘Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)afford a profound impact on our modern daily life.However,LIBs are approaching the theoretical energy density,due to the inherent limitations of intercalation chemistry;thus,they cannot further satisfy the increasing demands of portable electronics,electric vehicles,and grids.Therefore,battery chemistries beyond LIBs are being widely investigated.Next-generation lithium(Li)batteries,which employ Li metal as the anode and intercalation or conversion materials as the cathode,receive the most intensive interest due to their high energy density and excellent potential for commercialization.Moreover,significant progress has been achieved in Li batteries attributed to the increasing fundamental understanding of the materials and reactions,as well as to technological improvement.This review starts by summarizing the electrolytes for next-generation Li batteries.Key challenges and recent progress in lithium-ion,lithium–sulfur,and lithium–oxygen batteries are then reviewed from the perspective of energy and chemical engineering science.Finally,possible directions for further development in Li batteries are presented.Next-generation Li batteries are expected to promote the sustainable development of human civilization.
基金supported by the National Foundation of China (Grant No. 91545129, 21575135 and 21605136)the "Strategic Priority Research Program" of the CAS (Grant No. XDA09010401)+1 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2016YBF0100100)the Science and Technology Development Program of the Jilin Province (Grant No. 20150623002TC and 20160414034GH)
文摘In the past decade, the aprotic lithium-oxygen(Li-O_2) battery has generated a great deal of interest because theoretically it can store more energy than today's lithium-ion batteries. Although considerable research efforts have been devoted to the R&D of this potentially disruptive technology, many scientific and engineering obstacles still remain to be addressed before a practical device could be realized. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the fundamental understanding of the O_2 electrochemistry in Li-O_2 batteries, including the O_2 reduction to Li_2O_2 on discharge and the reverse Li_2 O_2 oxidation on recharge and factors that exert strong influences on the redox of O_2/Li_2O_2. In addition,challenges and perspectives are also provided for the future study of Li—O_2 batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.21871028,21471020 and 21771024)。
文摘Ti3C2 belongs to MXenes family,which is a new two-dimensional material and has been applied in many fields.With simple method of hydrothermal and high temperature calcination,nano structured Ni/Ti3C2Tx hybrid was synthesized.The stable layer structure of Ti3C2 MXene providing high surface area as well as excellent electronic conductivity are beneficial for deposition and decomposition of discharge product Li2O2.Furthermore,possessing special catalytic activity,Ni nanoparticles with size of about 20 nm could accelerate Li2O2 breaking down.Taking advantage of two kinds of materials,Ni/Ti3C2Tx hybrid as cathode of Li-O2 battery can achieve a maximal specific capacity of 20,264 mAh/g in 100 mA/g and 10,699 mAh/g in 500 mA/g at the first cycle.This work confirms that the prepared Ni/Ti3C2Tx hybrid exhibiting better cycling stability points out a new guideline to improve the electrochemical performance of lithium-oxygen batteries.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22325902 and 51671107)Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations.
文摘Rechargeable lithium-oxygen(Li-O_(2))batteries have attracted wide attention due to their high energy density.However,the sluggish cathode kinetics results in high overvoltage and poor cycling performance.Ruthenium(Ru)-based electrocatalysts have been demonstrated to be promising cathode catalysts to promote oxygen evolution reaction(OER).It facilitates decomposition of lithium peroxide(Li_(2)O_(2))by adjusting Li_(2)O_(2) morphologies,which is due to the strong interaction between Ru-based catalyst and superoxide anion(O_(2))intermediate.In this review,the design strategies of Ru-based electrocatalysts are introduced to enhance their OER catalytic kinetics in Li-O_(2) batteries.Different configurations of Ru-based catalysts,including metal particles(Ru metal and alloys),single-atom catalysts,and Ru-loaded compounds with various substrates(carbon materials,metal oxides/sulfides),have been summarized to regulate the electronic structure and the matrix architecture of the Ru-based electrocatalysts.The structure-property relationship of Ru-based catalysts is discussed for a better understanding of the Li_(2)O_(2) decomposition mechanism at the cathode interface.Finally,the challenges of Ru-based electrocatalysts are proposed for the future development of Li-O_(2) batteries.
基金supported by the NSFC(nos.21421001,21531005,21905142,and 21671112)the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(no.B18030)+1 种基金the Natural Science Fund of Tianjin(nos.19JCZDJC37200 and 19JCQNJC02600)China.The authors thank Professor Brian Space(University of South Florida,Tampa,FL)for discussion and help.
文摘A redox-active tetrazine moiety is immobilized within a metal-organic framework(MOF)aiming at targeted construction of a cathode with improved performance for lithium–oxygen batteries.A 1,2,4,5-tetrazine(Tz)functionalized ligand is used to construct a nanoporous MOF,Tz-Mg-MOF-74,in which the redox activity of the Tz moiety is retained.Combining the redox activity of Tz with the porous nature of a MOF produced a Tz-Mg-MOF-74-based cathode with significantly improved electrochemical performance.Specifically,the material has improved sustainable capacity with a lower overpotential compared with otherwise similar batteries without Tz and other reported MOF-based catalysts.The present approach productively integrates electrochemical activity derived from redox-active moieties and MOFs,and this combination opens a new avenue for the design of effective materials for energy storage and conversion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52025013,52071184,52171228,21705103,and 52202266)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.22JCZDJC00170)+1 种基金the 111 Project(No.B12015)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,the Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi Province(Nos.202103021224251 and 202103021223259).
文摘Contemporary social problems,such as energy shortage and environmental pollution,require developing green energy storage technologies in the context of sustainable development.With the application of secondary battery technology becoming widespread,the development of traditional lithium(Li)-ion batteries,which are based on insertion/deinsertion reactions,has hit a bottleneck;instead,conversion-type lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have attracted considerable attention owing to the high theoretical capacity of Li metal anodes.In this review,Li-S,Li-O_(2),and Li-SOCl_(2)batteries are used as examples to summarize LMBs based on their conversion reactions from the perspectives of cathode material,anode material,electrolyte,separator,and current collector.Key challenges exist regarding the conversion reactions of various batteries.To achieve the optimum performance and improve the application effect,several improvement strategies have been proposed in relation to reasonable designs of next-generation high-performance rechargeable batteries.
