目的探讨孕妇妊娠中期的糖脂代谢异常对不良妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2013年4月-2014年4月在西安市第四医院产科就诊并分娩的孕妇1685例，于24-28周检测糖脂等代谢指标并进行常规75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验的结果。根据国际妊娠并发...目的探讨孕妇妊娠中期的糖脂代谢异常对不良妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2013年4月-2014年4月在西安市第四医院产科就诊并分娩的孕妇1685例，于24-28周检测糖脂等代谢指标并进行常规75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验的结果。根据国际妊娠并发糖尿病研究组织（IADPSG）推荐的诊断标准分为妊娠糖尿病组（GDM）和糖耐量正常组；根据三酰甘油（TG）水平分为TG增高组（TG≥3．23mmol／L）和TG正常组（TG〈3．23mmol／L），随访并比较妊娠并发症和妊娠结局。统计学分析采用t检验，χ^2检验和Logistic回归分析。结果l685例孕妇中GDM组孕妇占11．69％，TG增高组孕妇占14．01％。①GDM组与糖耐量正常组相比，三酰甘油[（3．61±1．85）vs（2．98±1．34）mmol／L，t=5．73]，总胆固醇[（5．07±1．22）VS（4．60±0．99）mmol／L，t=6．03]显著升高，高密度脂蛋白[（1．28±0．61）vs（1．72±0．93）mmol／L,t=-6．47]明显降低，差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0．01）；GDM组的妊娠高血压（10．66% vs 4．54％）、子痫／子痫前期（7．11％ vs 3．29％）、巨大儿（12．18％vs5．85％）、新生儿窒息（4．57％vs1．41％）的发生率均显著高于糖耐量正常组，差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0．05）。②TG增高组与TG正常组相比，BMI（27．3±3．1kg／m^2 vs 20．4±2．3kg／m^2，t=40．59），空腹血糖[（4．65±0．71）vs（4．27±0．62）mmol／L，t=8．64]，空腹胰岛素[（20．16±10．53）vs（14．35±8．46）mU／L，t=9．86]，稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗指数（3．95±1．14 vs 2．72±0．89，t=18．92）明显升高，差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0．01）。TG增高组的妊娠高血压（10．59％ vs 4．42％）、子痫／子痫前期（6．36％vs3．31％）、巨大儿（11．44％vs5．80％）、新生儿窒息（4．66％vs1.31％）的发生率均显著高于TG正常组，差异均有统计展开更多
Feed fats and oils provide significant amounts of energy to swine diets, but there is large variation in composition,quality, feeding value, and price among sources. Common measures of lipid quality include moisture, ...Feed fats and oils provide significant amounts of energy to swine diets, but there is large variation in composition,quality, feeding value, and price among sources. Common measures of lipid quality include moisture, insolubles,and unsaponifiables（MIU）, titer, and free fatty acid content, but provide limited information regarding their feeding value. Lipid peroxidation is an important quality factor related to animal growth performance and health, but maximum tolerable limits in various lipids have not been established. Several indicative assays can be used to detect the presence of various peroxidation compounds, but due to the complexity and numerous compounds produced and degraded during peroxidation process, no single method can adequately determine the extent of peroxidation. Until further information is available, using a combination of peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances（TBARS）, and anisidine value appear to provide a reasonable assessment of the extent of peroxidation in a lipid at a reasonable cost. However, fatty acid composition of the lipid being evaluated should be considered when selecting specific assays. Predictive tests can also be used to estimate the stability or susceptibility of lipids to peroxidation and include active oxygen method, oil stability index, and oxygen bomb method. A review of 16 published studies with pigs has shown an average decrease of 11.4% in growth rate, 8.8% feed intake fed isocaloric diets containing peroxidized lipids compared to diets containing unperoxidized lipids of the same source.Furthermore, serum vitamin E content was generally reduced and serum TBARS content was increased when peroxidized lipids were fed in these studies, suggesting that feeding peroxidized lipids negatively affects metabolic oxidative status of pigs. However, it is unclear if antioxidants are useful additions to lipids to maintain optimal nutritional value, or if their addition to swine diets is beneficial in overcoming a metabolic oxidative challenge.展开更多
文摘目的探讨孕妇妊娠中期的糖脂代谢异常对不良妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2013年4月-2014年4月在西安市第四医院产科就诊并分娩的孕妇1685例，于24-28周检测糖脂等代谢指标并进行常规75g口服葡萄糖耐量试验的结果。根据国际妊娠并发糖尿病研究组织（IADPSG）推荐的诊断标准分为妊娠糖尿病组（GDM）和糖耐量正常组；根据三酰甘油（TG）水平分为TG增高组（TG≥3．23mmol／L）和TG正常组（TG〈3．23mmol／L），随访并比较妊娠并发症和妊娠结局。统计学分析采用t检验，χ^2检验和Logistic回归分析。结果l685例孕妇中GDM组孕妇占11．69％，TG增高组孕妇占14．01％。①GDM组与糖耐量正常组相比，三酰甘油[（3．61±1．85）vs（2．98±1．34）mmol／L，t=5．73]，总胆固醇[（5．07±1．22）VS（4．60±0．99）mmol／L，t=6．03]显著升高，高密度脂蛋白[（1．28±0．61）vs（1．72±0．93）mmol／L,t=-6．47]明显降低，差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0．01）；GDM组的妊娠高血压（10．66% vs 4．54％）、子痫／子痫前期（7．11％ vs 3．29％）、巨大儿（12．18％vs5．85％）、新生儿窒息（4．57％vs1．41％）的发生率均显著高于糖耐量正常组，差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0．05）。②TG增高组与TG正常组相比，BMI（27．3±3．1kg／m^2 vs 20．4±2．3kg／m^2，t=40．59），空腹血糖[（4．65±0．71）vs（4．27±0．62）mmol／L，t=8．64]，空腹胰岛素[（20．16±10．53）vs（14．35±8．46）mU／L，t=9．86]，稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗指数（3．95±1．14 vs 2．72±0．89，t=18．92）明显升高，差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0．01）。TG增高组的妊娠高血压（10．59％ vs 4．42％）、子痫／子痫前期（6．36％vs3．31％）、巨大儿（11．44％vs5．80％）、新生儿窒息（4．66％vs1.31％）的发生率均显著高于TG正常组，差异均有统计
文摘Feed fats and oils provide significant amounts of energy to swine diets, but there is large variation in composition,quality, feeding value, and price among sources. Common measures of lipid quality include moisture, insolubles,and unsaponifiables（MIU）, titer, and free fatty acid content, but provide limited information regarding their feeding value. Lipid peroxidation is an important quality factor related to animal growth performance and health, but maximum tolerable limits in various lipids have not been established. Several indicative assays can be used to detect the presence of various peroxidation compounds, but due to the complexity and numerous compounds produced and degraded during peroxidation process, no single method can adequately determine the extent of peroxidation. Until further information is available, using a combination of peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances（TBARS）, and anisidine value appear to provide a reasonable assessment of the extent of peroxidation in a lipid at a reasonable cost. However, fatty acid composition of the lipid being evaluated should be considered when selecting specific assays. Predictive tests can also be used to estimate the stability or susceptibility of lipids to peroxidation and include active oxygen method, oil stability index, and oxygen bomb method. A review of 16 published studies with pigs has shown an average decrease of 11.4% in growth rate, 8.8% feed intake fed isocaloric diets containing peroxidized lipids compared to diets containing unperoxidized lipids of the same source.Furthermore, serum vitamin E content was generally reduced and serum TBARS content was increased when peroxidized lipids were fed in these studies, suggesting that feeding peroxidized lipids negatively affects metabolic oxidative status of pigs. However, it is unclear if antioxidants are useful additions to lipids to maintain optimal nutritional value, or if their addition to swine diets is beneficial in overcoming a metabolic oxidative challenge.
文摘目的分析北京地区不同亚型多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)病人临床特征及性激素、糖脂代谢特征。方法选择190例来自北京地区的女性,其中142例未经治疗的PCOS病人作为研究组,48例年龄匹配的健康女性作为对照组;根据2003鹿特丹PCOS诊断标准及美国国立卫生院(National Institute of Health,NIH)指南推荐将PCOS组病人分为4个亚型:亚型1,高雄激素+排卵异常(androgen excess+ovulatory dysfunction,AE+OD)40例;亚型2,高雄激素+卵巢多囊泡改变(androgen excess+polycystic ovarian morphology,AE+PCO)10例;亚型3,排卵异常+卵巢多囊泡改变(ovulatory dysfunction+polycystic ovarian morphology,OD+PCO)32例;亚型4,高雄激素+排卵异常+卵巢多囊泡改变(androgen excess+ovulatory dysfunction+polycystic ovarian morphology,AE+OD+PCO)60例。测量所有受试者的临床特征;测定血清性激素浓度及糖、脂代谢指标。结果 PCOS组病人的体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、腰臀比(waist and hip ratio,WHR)、血清总睾酮(total testosterone,T)、黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)、LH/卵泡刺激素(follicle stimulating hormone,FSH)比值均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,LDL-C)、三酰甘油(triglycerides,TG)及载脂蛋白B(apolipoprotein B,Apo B)浓度、Apo B/Apo A比值及空腹胰岛素(fasting insulin,INS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)高于对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,HDL-C)和载脂蛋白A(apolipoprotein A,Apo A)浓度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。亚型1的BMI、WHR、T及LDL均高于亚型3,TC及LDL较亚型2增高;亚型4的BMI、T及LDL高于亚型3,T、LH及LH/FSH较亚型2增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);亚型2和亚型3之间各个临床特征及糖脂代谢参数的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论北�
